{"id":71674,"date":"2023-11-17T16:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-11-17T19:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/?p=71674"},"modified":"2023-12-11T17:32:14","modified_gmt":"2023-12-11T20:32:14","slug":"historia-do-termometro","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/2023\/11\/17\/historia-do-termometro\/","title":{"rendered":"EDI\u00c7\u00c3O ESPECIAL: A Hist\u00f3ria dos Term\u00f4metros"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"266\" height=\"248\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/clima.png\" alt class=\"wp-image-72115\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.0725806451612903;width:204px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/clima.png 266w, https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/clima-205x191.png 205w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 266px) 100vw, 266px\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figura 1. Analise clim\u00e1tica&nbsp;<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/2023\/10\/20\/a-lei-zero-da-termodinamica-definindo-temperatura\/\">Lei Zero da Ter\u00admo\u00addi\u00adn\u00e2\u00admica<\/a> possui duas grandes impli\u00adca\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es: existe algo que podemos medir, que cha\u00adma\u00admos de Tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura; e coisas com uma mesma Tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura est\u00e3o em equi\u00adl\u00ed\u00adbrio t\u00e9rmico entre si. Isso sig\u00adni\u00adfica que podemos criar padr\u00f5es de com\u00adpa\u00adra\u00ad\u00e7\u00e3o, ou escalas, \u00e0s quais com\u00adpa\u00adra\u00admos a Tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura das coisas. Se temos uma escala, podemos medir a Tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura de um corpo com um ins\u00adtru\u00admento e dizer onde esse corpo encon\u00adtra-se nessa escala. Os ins\u00adtru\u00admen\u00adtos que uti\u00adli\u00adza\u00admos para medir a Tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura chamam-se Term\u00f4metros.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Estamos habi\u00adtu\u00ada\u00addos \u00e0 exis\u00adt\u00ean\u00adcia do term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtro, um ins\u00adtru\u00admento capaz de medir a tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura, seja em um indi\u00adv\u00ed\u00adduo doente ou para ana\u00adli\u00adsar o clima, por\u00e9m nem sempre foi assim. Existe uma grande dife\u00adren\u00e7a entre uma r\u00e9gua e um term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtro: com a r\u00e9gua, medimos algo vis\u00edvel aos nossos sen\u00adti\u00addos, enquanto com o term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtro medimos algo que n\u00e3o con\u00adse\u00adgui\u00admos enxer\u00adgar ou ouvir. Como mos\u00adtra\u00admos nos artigos ante\u00adri\u00ado\u00adres, nosso corpo \u00e9 um p\u00e9ssimo term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtro, ent\u00e3o pre\u00adci\u00adsa\u00admos encon\u00adtrar coisas que tra\u00addu\u00adzam a medi\u00e7\u00e3o para&nbsp;n\u00f3s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Como surgiram os Term\u00f4metros?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Termosc\u00f3pios na Gr\u00e9cia Antiga<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Os pri\u00admei\u00adros ante\u00adpas\u00adsa\u00addos do term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtro que se tem regis\u00adtro foram desen\u00advol\u00advi\u00addos por Fil\u00e3o de Biz\u00e2n\u00adcio, no s\u00e9culo II AEC, e por Heron de Ale\u00adxan\u00addria, no s\u00e9culo I DEC. Esses Ter\u00admos\u00adc\u00f3\u00adpios con\u00adsis\u00adtiam de um tubo conec\u00adtado em um globo fechado, com ar, em uma extre\u00admi\u00addade, enquanto a outra per\u00adma\u00adne\u00adcia sub\u00admersa em \u00e1gua. Com esta mon\u00adta\u00adgem \u00e9 pos\u00ads\u00ed\u00advel obser\u00advar que, se o globo de ar \u00e9 aque\u00adcido ou res\u00adfri\u00adado, a quan\u00adti\u00addade de \u00e1gua dentro do tubo diminui ou aumenta, res\u00adpec\u00adti\u00adva\u00admente. Esse expe\u00adri\u00admento, na \u00e9poca, demons\u00adtrou a dila\u00adta\u00ad\u00e7\u00e3o do ar que ocorre com o aque\u00adci\u00admento, sem o intuito de medir a Temperatura.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A redescoberta dos Termosc\u00f3pios<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Tema 03 - Termometria | Experimentos - Termosc\u00f3pio e term\u00f4metro de Galileu\" width=\"1400\" height=\"788\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/QadByTV1pQE?start=36&amp;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">V\u00eddeo de demons\u00adtra\u00ad\u00e7\u00e3o do fun\u00adci\u00ado\u00adna\u00admento do Ter\u00admos\u00adc\u00f3\u00adpio e do Term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtro (selado) de Galileu. F\u00edsica Uni\u00adver\u00adsi\u00adt\u00e1\u00adria&nbsp;USP.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"454\" height=\"403\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Principles_and_methods_of_themperature_measurement.png\" alt class=\"wp-image-72092\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.1265508684863523;width:326px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Principles_and_methods_of_themperature_measurement.png 454w, https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Principles_and_methods_of_themperature_measurement-300x266.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Principles_and_methods_of_themperature_measurement-205x182.png 205w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 454px) 100vw, 454px\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figura 2. Ilus\u00adtra\u00ad\u00e7\u00e3o de Fludd, 1638, mos\u00adtrando o desen\u00advol\u00advi\u00admento do term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtro a partir do Expe\u00adri\u00admento de Fil\u00e3o. Fonte: Mid\u00addle\u00adton, W. E. K. <strong>A History of the Ther\u00admo\u00adme\u00adter and Its Use in Mete\u00ado\u00adro\u00adlogy<\/strong>. In: Refe\u00adr\u00ean\u00adcia&nbsp;1.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Embora esse expe\u00adri\u00admento seja con\u00adsi\u00adde\u00adrado ino\u00adva\u00addor na ter\u00admo\u00addi\u00adn\u00e2\u00admica, o desen\u00advol\u00advi\u00admento dos Ter\u00admos\u00adc\u00f3\u00adpios e Term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtros como medi\u00addo\u00adres de tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura ocorreu somente no final do s\u00e9culo XVI e come\u00e7o do XVII. Fre\u00adquen\u00adte\u00admente atri\u00adbu\u00eddo aos cien\u00adtis\u00adtas Galileu Galilei, San\u00adto\u00adrio San\u00adto\u00adrio, Cor\u00adne\u00adlius Drebbel e Robert Fludd. Galileu uti\u00adli\u00adzou-se dos escri\u00adtos de Heron sobre Pneu\u00adm\u00e1\u00adtica; enquanto Fludd estudou os manus\u00adcri\u00adtos de Fil\u00e3o, desen\u00advol\u00advendo o Term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtro de Ar, com escala num\u00e9\u00adrica para medi\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es, mas que n\u00e3o era refe\u00adrente a Escalas de Tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura fixas, dado que essas ainda n\u00e3o existiam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A ideia de graus de calor e frio, rela\u00adti\u00advos \u00e0 febre, j\u00e1 havia sido des\u00adcrita pelo m\u00e9dico romano Galeno de P\u00e9rgamo, mesmo sem ins\u00adtru\u00admen\u00adtos ade\u00adqua\u00addos. San\u00adto\u00adrio San\u00adto\u00adrio foi quem intro\u00addu\u00adziu o ter\u00admos\u00adc\u00f3\u00adpio em suas pr\u00e1\u00adti\u00adcas m\u00e9dicas, para ana\u00adli\u00adsar a tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura cor\u00adpo\u00adral de seus paci\u00aden\u00adtes. O uso desses ins\u00adtru\u00admen\u00adtos, no entanto, n\u00e3o era padro\u00adni\u00adzado, pois n\u00e3o havia uma escala fixa, e os resul\u00adta\u00addos n\u00e3o eram con\u00adsis\u00adten\u00adtes entre cidades dis\u00adtin\u00adtas. Na \u00e9poca ainda n\u00e3o se sabia que isso ocorria porque a medida depende da press\u00e3o atmos\u00adf\u00e9\u00adrica, que variam devido da alti\u00adtude do&nbsp;local.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"467\" height=\"504\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Thermometers-of-the-accademia-del-cimento.png\" alt class=\"wp-image-72103\" style=\"aspect-ratio:0.9265873015873016;width:281px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Thermometers-of-the-accademia-del-cimento.png 467w, https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Thermometers-of-the-accademia-del-cimento-278x300.png 278w, https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Thermometers-of-the-accademia-del-cimento-205x221.png 205w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 467px) 100vw, 467px\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figura 3. Term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtros da Aca\u00adde\u00admia da Expe\u00adri\u00ad\u00ean\u00adcia, Flo\u00adren\u00e7a. Fonte: Refe\u00adr\u00ean\u00adcia&nbsp;1.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Termosc\u00f3pios x Term\u00f4metros<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A dife\u00adren\u00e7a entre um ter\u00admos\u00adc\u00f3\u00adpio e um term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtro \u00e9 simples: todo term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtro tem uma escala. No term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtro de mer\u00adc\u00fa\u00adrio, aquele comum, o mer\u00adc\u00fa\u00adrio avan\u00e7a em frente a uma r\u00e9gua com mar\u00adca\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es de tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura, ou seja, uma escala. Mas o uso de escalas requer um m\u00ednimo de padro\u00adni\u00adza\u00ad\u00e7\u00e3o e isso n\u00e3o era algo simples. A escala n\u00e3o precisa ser uma r\u00e9gua: o term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtro ele\u00adtr\u00f4\u00adnico de far\u00adm\u00e1\u00adcia \u00e9 cali\u00adbrado em rela\u00e7\u00e3o a padr\u00f5es de tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura, e apre\u00adsenta uma medida nessa escala.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Existem regis\u00adtros escri\u00adtos do uso de escalas em Ter\u00admos\u00adc\u00f3\u00adpios, trans\u00adfor\u00admando-os em Term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtros, desde 1611, mas essas escalas n\u00e3o faziam refe\u00adr\u00ean\u00adcia a uma Tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura padr\u00e3o e serviam apenas como refe\u00adr\u00ean\u00adcia \u00e0 cali\u00adbra\u00ad\u00e7\u00e3o do pr\u00f3prio ins\u00adtru\u00admento. Mesmo com muitos pro\u00adble\u00admas de pro\u00adje\u00adtos desses equi\u00adpa\u00admen\u00adtos, seu uso na medi\u00adcina e ci\u00eancia foi pri\u00admor\u00addial. Gio\u00advanni Sagredo, por exemplo, adi\u00adci\u00ado\u00adnou uma escala ao Ter\u00admos\u00adc\u00f3\u00adpio de Galileu e rea\u00adli\u00adzou medidas quan\u00adti\u00adta\u00adti\u00advas no ver\u00e3o e inverno, criando uma escala pr\u00f3pria, e ana\u00adli\u00adsou o res\u00adfri\u00ada\u00admento de lagos, demons\u00adtrando que lagos menores res\u00adfriam mais r\u00e1pido que os maiores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Term\u00f4metros selados e a possibilidade de um padr\u00e3o<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"161\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/AMLEF095-161x300.jpg\" alt class=\"wp-image-9882\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/AMLEF095-161x300.jpg 161w, https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/AMLEF095-768x1428.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/AMLEF095-551x1024.jpg 551w, https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/AMLEF095-205x381.jpg 205w, https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/AMLEF095.jpg 1584w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 161px) 100vw, 161px\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figura 4. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/amlef\/amlef\/amlef095-termometro-diferencial-de-leslie\/\">AMLEF095<\/a>: Term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtro dife\u00adren\u00adcial de Leslie.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bus\u00adcando resol\u00adver o pro\u00adblema da vari\u00ada\u00ad\u00e7\u00e3o da medida em viagens ou de acordo com o clima, Fer\u00addi\u00adnando II de Medici criou o pri\u00admeiro Term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtro Selado. Esse con\u00adti\u00adnha  um l\u00edquido (\u00e1lcool, neste caso) em um tubo de vidro fechado. Nestes, a expan\u00ads\u00e3o e con\u00adtra\u00ad\u00e7\u00e3o de l\u00edqui\u00addos  regis\u00adtrava a tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura inde\u00adpen\u00adden\u00adte\u00admente do clima ou local da Terra, sem ter a press\u00e3o inter\u00adfe\u00adrindo nas suas medi\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es. A partir da\u00ed, faz sentido buscar uma padro\u00adni\u00adza\u00ad\u00e7\u00e3o da escala de medi\u00e7\u00e3o, como veremos nos pr\u00f3\u00adxi\u00admos artigos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hoje temos muitas tec\u00adno\u00adlo\u00adgias para medir a Tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura, afinal, basta obser\u00advar um fen\u00f4\u00admeno que depende dela e cor\u00adre\u00adla\u00adci\u00ado\u00adnar com uma escala. Os conhe\u00adci\u00addos Term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtros de Mer\u00adc\u00fa\u00adrio uti\u00adli\u00adzam a dila\u00adta\u00ad\u00e7\u00e3o do mate\u00adrial, que cresce em um tubo fino, no qual com\u00adpa\u00adra\u00admos a posi\u00e7\u00e3o a uma escala. Os term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtros ele\u00adtr\u00f4\u00adni\u00adcos que encon\u00adtra\u00admos nas far\u00adm\u00e1\u00adcias uti\u00adli\u00adzam um ter\u00admis\u00adtor, um com\u00adpo\u00adnente ele\u00adtr\u00f4\u00adnico cuja resis\u00adt\u00ean\u00adcia el\u00e9\u00adtrica varia com a tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura. H\u00e1 ainda os Term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtros Infra\u00adver\u00adme\u00adlhos, muito uti\u00adli\u00adza\u00addos em res\u00adtau\u00adran\u00adtes para moni\u00adto\u00adrar a tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura da comida sem encos\u00adtar nela, que detec\u00adtam a luz que emi\u00adti\u00admos (sim, tudo corpo emite luz), que varia com a Tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura de acordo com a Radi\u00ada\u00ad\u00e7\u00e3o de Corpo Negro. H\u00e1 m\u00e9todos demais para citar aqui, mas o inte\u00adres\u00adsante \u00e9 per\u00adce\u00adber que essas medidas s\u00e3o sempre indi\u00adre\u00adtas; obser\u00adva\u00admos efeitos que depen\u00addem da Tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura rela\u00adci\u00ado\u00adna\u00admos uma medida \u00e0&nbsp;outra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:0px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-right\">Maria Eduarda Bell\u00f3 e Gabriel Cury Perrone \/ Equipe AMLEF&nbsp;2023<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4adc9cd0 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity is-style-wide\">\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Refer\u00eancias:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>McGee, T. D. <strong>Prin\u00adci\u00adples and methods of tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adture mea\u00adsu\u00adre\u00adment<\/strong>. Nova Iorque, 1988.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Wiki\u00adpe\u00addia: Fil\u00e3o de Biz\u00e2n\u00adcio&nbsp;(<a href=\"https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fil%C3%A3o_de_Biz%C3%A2ncio\">PT-BR<\/a>\/<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Philo_of_Byzantium\">EN<\/a>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Wiki\u00adpe\u00addia: Term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtro (<a href=\"https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Term%C3%B4metro\">PT-BR<\/a>\/<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thermometer\">EN<\/a>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Wiki\u00adpe\u00addia: Ter\u00admos\u00adc\u00f3\u00adpio (<a href=\"https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Termosc%C3%B3pio\">PT-BR<\/a>\/<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thermoscope\">EN<\/a>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Semi\u00ado\u00adlo\u00adgia: <a href=\"https:\/\/semiologia.com.br\/2023\/07\/30\/a-historia-do-termometro\/\">A his\u00adto\u00adria do term\u00f4metro<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Origem das Coisas: <a href=\"https:\/\/origemdascoisas.com\/a-origem-do-termometro\/\">A origem do term\u00f4metro<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NUSSENZVEIG, H. Moys\u00e9s, Curso de F\u00edsica B\u00e1sica 2. Edi\u00e7\u00e3o: 5.ed. Cidade: S\u00e3o Paulo, Edgard Bl\u00fccher, 2014.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Estamos acos\u00adtu\u00adma\u00addos com a exis\u00adt\u00ean\u00adcia do term\u00f4\u00adme\u00adtro: ins\u00adtru\u00admento de medida da tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtura, seja para medir a febre ou para an\u00e1lise do clima. Mas nem sempre foi assim, nesse artigos tra\u00ad\u00e7a\u00admos a His\u00adt\u00f3\u00adria do Term\u00f4metro.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":0,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[432,582,583],"tags":[585,520,528,500,504],"class_list":["post-71674","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-destaques","category-expo2024-o-acervo-contra-ataca","category-exposicoes","tag-exposicao","tag-historia","tag-instrumentacao","tag-metrologia","tag-termodinamica"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>EDI\u00c7\u00c3O ESPECIAL: A Hist\u00f3ria dos Term\u00f4metros - Museu dos Laborat\u00f3rios de Ensino de F\u00edsica - Em Transi\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Estamos acostumados a medir Temperatura com um term\u00f4metro, mas nem sempre foi assim. 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