Raios cat\u00f3\u00addi\u00adcos s\u00e3o feixes de el\u00e9\u00adtrons pro\u00addu\u00adzi\u00addos atrav\u00e9s do esta\u00adbe\u00adle\u00adci\u00admento de uma dife\u00adren\u00e7a de poten\u00adcial entre 2 ele\u00adtro\u00addos que cont\u00eam gases rare\u00adfei\u00adtos em seu interior.
\nA des\u00adco\u00adberta desses raios se d\u00e1 no ano de 1838, quando o f\u00edsico ingl\u00eas Michael Faraday estava rea\u00adli\u00adzando uma s\u00e9rie de expe\u00adri\u00admen\u00adtos com des\u00adcar\u00adgas el\u00e9\u00adtri\u00adcas em gases rare\u00adfei\u00adtos. Entre\u00adtanto, devido \u00e0s difi\u00adcul\u00adda\u00addes t\u00e9c\u00adni\u00adcas da \u00e9poca, os expe\u00adri\u00admen\u00adtos envol\u00advendo esse t\u00f3pico foram reto\u00adma\u00addos somente em 1858, pelo f\u00edsico alem\u00e3o Julius Pl\u00fccker. Entre\u00adtanto, a deno\u00admi\u00adna\u00ad\u00e7\u00e3o de raios cat\u00f3\u00addi\u00adcos s\u00f3 veio em 1876, ao ser intro\u00addu\u00adzida pelo f\u00edsico alem\u00e3o Eugen Golds\u00adtein, o qual achava que tais raios n\u00e3o pas\u00adsa\u00advam de ondas no \u00e9ter. Todavia, para Crookes esse fen\u00f4\u00admeno n\u00e3o passava de mol\u00e9\u00adcu\u00adlas car\u00adre\u00adga\u00addas, as quais, para ele, cons\u00adti\u00adtu\u00edam o quarto estado da mat\u00e9ria. A dis\u00adcus\u00ads\u00e3o s\u00f3 foi encer\u00adrada e, 1897, quando Thomson des\u00adco\u00adbriu que, na verdade, os raios cat\u00f3\u00addi\u00adcos eram el\u00e9trons.
\nTais raios possuem algumas pro\u00adpri\u00ade\u00adda\u00addes: s\u00e3o por um campo el\u00e9\u00adtrico ou mag\u00adn\u00e9\u00adtico, possuem energia cin\u00e9\u00adtica, atra\u00adves\u00adsam peque\u00adnas espes\u00adsu\u00adras de mate\u00adri\u00adais, pro\u00adpa\u00adgam-se, apro\u00adxi\u00adma\u00adda\u00admente, em linha reta e pro\u00addu\u00adzem lumi\u00adnes\u00adc\u00ean\u00adcia nos corpos com que se chocam.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":24991,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","class_list":["post-24886","tnc_col_21662_item","type-tnc_col_21662_item","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tnc_tax_22435-experimento","tnc_tax_16178-francisco-baguinski"],"yoast_head":"\n