{"id":112164,"date":"2025-04-30T07:20:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-30T10:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/jornal\/?p=112164"},"modified":"2025-04-30T09:53:21","modified_gmt":"2025-04-30T12:53:21","slug":"study-shows-progress-in-water-degradation-by-pesticides","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/jornal\/study-shows-progress-in-water-degradation-by-pesticides\/","title":{"rendered":"Study shows progress in water degradation by pesticides"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Chemical Engineering | Experiments with ozone vapor are an alternative for water contaminated with the second most marketed herbicide in Brazil<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:10px\"><em><em>*By: Carolina Paz Comerlatto<\/em><br>*First published: <em>January 19th, 2024<\/em><br><em><em>*Photo: <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/br.freepik.com\/fotos-gratis\/pesquisador-segura-um-tubo-de-ensaio-com-agua-em-uma-mao-na-luva-azul_2612683.htm#page=2&amp;query=agrot%C3%B3xico%20%C3%A1gua&amp;position=3&amp;from_view=search&amp;track=ais&amp;uuid=0f1d6952-2d64-4fc7-986f-1fd837d42d7c\"><u>freepic.diller<\/u><\/a>\/Freepik<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Brazil, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.planalto.gov.br\/ccivil_03\/_Ato2023-2026\/2023\/Lei\/L14785.htm#art65\"><u>Federal Law 14.785 of December 2023<\/u><\/a> defines pesticides as products whose purpose is to alter the composition of fauna and flora in order to preserve them from the damaging actions of harmful beings. More than preservation, pesticides are widely recognized for the great risks they pose to the health of the population and the environment. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 20,000 deaths are recorded each year due to the consumption of these products.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since 2008, Brazil has topped the list of countries that consume the most pesticides in the world. In addition, the contaminants present in these products are generally not included in day-to-day monitoring at water treatment stations, nor are they degraded using conventional processes. Faced with this problem, Murilo Vendramin Ruffatto developed his <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lume.ufrgs.br\/bitstream\/handle\/10183\/267639\/001187389.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y\"><u>master&#8217;s thesis<\/u><\/a> in the Graduate Program in Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering (PPGE3M) at UFRGS in order to find new methods that would make the degradation of these compounds viable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Supervised by Andr\u00e9a Bernardes and co-supervised by Salatiel da Silva, Murilo focused his research on 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), the second most commercialized herbicide in Brazil. In his findings, the researcher concluded that processes combining ozonation and UV-C radiation, as well as their addition to catalysts, could be an efficient alternative for degrading the substance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Basic notions<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As the research shows, ozone has been one of the main objects of study for the treatment of water and effluents, due to its oxidizing characteristics. It can act in the degradation of compounds through direct and indirect mechanisms, and has some advantages, such as good potential for reducing organic load, easy operation and installation, and ease of decomposition in oxygen and water \u2014 it does not generate waste. UV radiation is also a well-established technology for enhancing the degradation effect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Based on this prior knowledge, the work investigated the application of ozonation and <a href=\"about:blank\"><u>photolysis<\/u><\/a> individually and in combination, in the presence or absence of catalysts produced from iron mining tailings, in order to verify the contribution of each process to the oxidation of 2,4-D.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Experiments and results<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The method found by Murilo was the creation of an experimental system that subjected a 10mg\/L solution of 2,4-D to ozone vapor in a reservoir of water. For an hour, samples were taken at different times to check the concentration of the compounds. In addition to vaporization, systems that included UVA and UV-C radiation lamps and different water pHs were also tested. The aim was to see which combination would lead to the highest levels of acid oxidation and mineralization. The ozonation and UV-C radiation processes, as well as their combination with catalysts, have proved to be the most efficient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition to the tests, Murilo also carried out liquid chromatography of the samples, a technique for separating components that allows the concentration of each one to be identified. The analysis of total organic carbon showed that mineralization (the transformation of organic matter into inorganic matter) was not as effective as degradation, which raises questions about what by-products have been generated from the experiment. According to the researcher, if mineralization had reached 100%, one could be sure that there was no concentration of the initial contaminant and no by-products that could be harmful. &#8220;[With the mineralization found] we could be degrading and generating something worse than what there used to be,&#8221; he warns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Viable alternatives<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In order for the degradation of pesticides such as 2,4-D to be viable in water treatment, there are some important steps that also need to be investigated. &#8220;I left it as a suggestion, for future works \u2013 the study of different flow rates and concentrations of ozone,&#8221; he says. According to the researcher, some other possible steps are: analyzing the method&#8217;s degradation capacity for other pollutants, evaluating the degradation of by-products of 2,4-D via mass spectrometry, and assessing the toxicity of the water before and after treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Contamination of water and soil by pesticides has drastic effects on human health and the environment, affecting biodiversity, food webs, and aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Among the harmful effects of these substances, the most known for the human body are brain problems, hormonal disorders and different types of cancer. Murilo&#8217;s study opens doors to further research into the degradation of these contaminants, an important prospective investigation so that, in the future, even in a country like Brazil, which makes indiscriminate use of these substances, the population and the environment can be less affected by their effects. &#8220;As long as the degradation of pesticides in water isn&#8217;t mandatory, it&#8217;s unlikely that people will be interested in doing this, but it opens up space [for the study to be applied in practice],&#8221; he concludes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-accent-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Translated into English by <strong>Kethlyn Santos Machado<\/strong>, undergraduate student enrolled in the course &#8220;Supervised Translation Training II (English)&#8221; of the Undergraduate Program in Language and Literature, under the supervision and translation revision of Professor Elizamari R. Becker (P.h.D.) &#8211; IL\/UFRGS.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons alignwide is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fe48e5de wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-50 is-style-outline animated fadeInDown slow is-style-outline--1\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-color has-link-color has-text-align-center has-custom-font-size wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/jornal\/category\/in-english\/\" style=\"border-radius:16px;color:#135e96;font-size:15px\">Explore the full section <strong>In English<\/strong> <\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chemical Engineering | Experiments with ozone vapor are an alternative for water contaminated with the second most marketed herbicide in Brazil<span class=\"more-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/jornal\/study-shows-progress-in-water-degradation-by-pesticides\/\">Leia mais<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":76904,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"page_builder":"","footnotes":"","_ppma_block_editor_authors":""},"categories":[4495],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[2938,5396],"class_list":["entry","author-gerente","has-excerpt","post-112164","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-in-english"],"pp_statuses_selecting_workflow":false,"pp_workflow_action":"current","pp_status_selection":"publish","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Study shows progress in water degradation by pesticides - Jornal da Universidade<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Chemical Engineering | Experiments with ozone vapor are an alternative for water contaminated with the second 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