{"id":131594,"date":"2026-10-15T07:05:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-15T10:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/jornal\/?p=131594"},"modified":"2026-10-14T21:18:26","modified_gmt":"2026-10-15T00:18:26","slug":"study-identifies-dietary-pattern-in-night-shifts-as-a-health-risk-factor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/jornal\/study-identifies-dietary-pattern-in-night-shifts-as-a-health-risk-factor\/","title":{"rendered":"Study identifies dietary pattern in night shifts as a health risk factor"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Health | A study by the Graduate Program in Endocrinology of UFRGS found that night shift workers are more likely to present health indicators like high blood pressure and abnormal glucose levels, which are characteristic of metabolic syndrome<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

*Photo: Pietro Scopel\/JU<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Have you ever felt like eating junk food at work? Mostly at night, this is a common situation for a lot of workers. Within this perspective, the nurse Francielle Lopes dos Reis during her graduation in Medical Sciences – Endocrinology at UFRGS analyzed the impact of inadequate dietary patterns in night shifts and its associations with health problems, like metabolic syndrome.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To conduct the research, Francielle chose to focus on a topic present in her daily life: occupational health nursing. As a specialist in the field, she says she found motivation to explore the topic while observing the harmful eating habits in workers, especially night shift workers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her interest in chrononutrition was also a center element in choosing the approach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The scientist points out that unhealthy eating habits can lead to conditions such as metabolic syndrome, a series of conditions that include high blood pressure, diabetes, low levels of HDL, and high levels of triglycerides.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThese habits include both choosing ultra-processed food over natural ones and irregular meal times, which compromises nutritional balance and the proper functioning of the body\u201d, she explains. Thus, the researcher sought to investigate the risk factors associated with these habits, using a cross-sectional approach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u201cI\u2019m not affirming that dietary habits have caused a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in night shift workers, but it is possible that they are associated with the more significant metabolic alterations to this comorbidity\u201d<\/p>\n Francielle Lopes dos Reis<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n

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Convenience plays a determining role in the impact on dietary health (Photo: Pietro Scopel\/JU)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
Practical analysis and results<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Conducted in the Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), the study involved 156 workers of the unit, including  90 day shift workers and 66 night shift workers, all of whom had been employed for at least a year. The participants answered four questionnaires, including the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ), a form that assesses sleep schedule and whose data is related to nutritional health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Blood samples were also collected, blood pressure readings were measured and anthropometric measurements, such as waist and abdominal circumference, were taken. Besides that, the sleep dept variable (social jetlag) \u2013 the deficit of sleep hours accumulated in work days \u2013 was taken into account. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Among the key findings, night shift workers presented indicators directly associated with metabolic syndrome, such as high blood pressure, altered glucose levels and lower HDL levels. According to the analysis, professionals that work on night shifts are more likely to develop the syndrome than day shift workers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Another critical point identified was the extended eating window: those workers tended to make their last meal of the day way later and to have a smaller overnight fast.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u201cCompared to day shift workers, night shift workers have more metabolic syndrome. When taking in consideration the chrononutrition profile, the time between the first and the last meal of the day is longer, and the fasting smaller. Additionally, although it was not statistically relevant, we observed a dietary pattern with more fat and less fibers ingested, which can compromise the metabolism and contribute to the syndrome development.\u201d<\/p>\n Francielle Lopes dos Reis<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Although ultra-processed food consumption was similar between the two groups, night shift workers ate more greasy food and less fiber \u2013 the latter being fundamental to digestive health, cholesterol control and gut microbiota maintenance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Convenience ends up being the deciding factor: fast food and processed sweets are eaten more frequently to suppress the fatigue of the working hours. Another recurring habit is to snack throughout the shift.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u201cNight shift workers present a pattern of snacking frequently throughout the shift. Besides the main meal analyzed in the research, the extended eating window includes most of the times the consumption of additional foods, usually high in sugar and fat, a habit which tends to exacerbate the metabolic risks associated with night shift work.\u201d<\/p>\n Francielle Lopes dos Reis<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n

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Questionnaire used to assess workers’meal frequency and eating habits (Photo: Pietro Scopel\/JU)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
Chrononutrition<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Chronoutrition is a nutrition field that investigates how different meal times affect metabolism and health. It is based on the principles of chronology, which studies the biological clock and the circadian rhythm, the 24h cycle that regulates functions such as sleep, digestion and hormonal release. This rhythm regulates physiological processes throughout the day, influencing the metabolism. \u201cDuring daytime, our organism is in a more alert and active state, presenting better capacity to digest, to absorb and to metabolize ingested nutrients\u201d, exemplifies the researcher.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Since our body metabolizes food better during the day, eating high-calorie meals at night can increase the risk of metabolic syndrome, lead to insulin resistance, cause changes on blood pressure and cholesterol levels, and contribute to abdominal obesity. Moreover, hormones such as insulin, ghrelin and leptin follow the circadian rhythm and act more efficiently during daytime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Future paths<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

As a potential intervention, Francielle emphasizes the need to have tailored strategies for each work group. Only one dietary plan would not suffice, as the energetic demands vary depending on the job performed. In activities that require more energetic expenditure (such as maintenance), it is essential for such worker to replenish the burned calories. However, in other cases, the excess of night meals is harmful, like the study shows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u201cThe ideal approach would be to implement a more appropriate dietary strategy, with lower fat content and higher intake of fibers and other healthy foods. Moreover, the meals should happen at defined times throughout the work shift, avoiding random eating patterns. Each case should be analyzed individually, taking in consideration the specific needs of each work group.\u201d<\/p>\n Francielle Lopes dos Reis<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

In this line, there are studies<\/a> that suggest that calorie-controlled meals in the night shift may be more effective than strategies based on complete fasting, for example.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the future, Francielle plans to expand her research in chrononutrition by investigating other groups of people, such as patients preparing for bariatric surgery. For her, studying the relation between eating habits and metabolic health is a motivation she plans to carry forward in her academic and professional career.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Researcher Francielle Lopes dos Reis (Photo: Pietro Scopel\/JU)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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Thesis:<\/strong> Padr\u00e3o alimentar e trabalho noturno: s\u00edndrome metab\u00f3lica em profissionais da sa\u00fade
<\/strong><\/a>Author:<\/strong> Francielle Lopes dos Reis
<\/a>Supervisor:<\/strong> Ticiana da Costa Rodrigues
<\/a>Co-Supervisor:<\/strong> Maria Carlota Borba Brum
<\/a>Program: <\/strong>Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology \u2013 School of Medicine<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Translated into English by Monique Arnold Ferreira<\/strong>, undergraduate student enrolled in the course “Supervised Translation Training I (English)” of the Undergraduate Program in Language and Literature, under the supervision and translation revision of Professor Elizamari R. Becker (P.h.D.) – IL\/UFRGS<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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:: Read in portuguese<\/strong>
Estudo identifica o padr\u00e3o alimentar no trabalho noturno como fator de risco \u00e0 sa\u00fade<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Explore the full section In English<\/strong> <\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Health | A study by the Graduate Program in Endocrinology of UFRGS found that night shift workers are more likely to present health indicators like high blood pressure and abnormal glucose levels, which are characteristic of metabolic syndromeLeia mais<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":181,"featured_media":118751,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"page_builder":"","footnotes":"","_ppma_block_editor_authors":"{\"authors\":[7003],\"author_categories\":{\"7003\":\"1\"},\"fallback_author_user\":\"1\",\"ppma_author_box_select\":\"\",\"selected_authors\":[{\"id\":7003,\"display_name\":\"Marcelo 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