{"id":99555,"date":"2024-11-21T07:15:00","date_gmt":"2024-11-21T10:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/jornal\/?p=99555"},"modified":"2024-11-18T10:22:56","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T13:22:56","slug":"doctoral-dissertation-analyzes-the-negationist-dissemination-of-flat-earth-model","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/jornal\/doctoral-dissertation-analyzes-the-negationist-dissemination-of-flat-earth-model\/","title":{"rendered":"Doctoral dissertation analyzes the negationist dissemination of Flat Earth model\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Anthropology | Researcher noted that flat Earthers conversion occurs, primarily, through deep immersion on YouTube videos\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:10px\"><em>*By\u00a0Alexandre Briozo Gomes Filho\u00a0<br>*First published January 25th, 2024\u00a0<br><em>*Photo: drobotdean \u2013 <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/freepik.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Freepik.com<\/em><\/a>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Among social trends that emerged in the 2010s, negationism is one that has intensified the most in recent years. The prevalence of personal emotions and beliefs over scientifically grounded knowledge is what characterizes the post-truth phenomenon, the current momentum of Western society. Events such as the COVID pandemic and the climate crisis were \u2013 and still are \u2013 examples that emphasized the popularization of negationism in Brazil: even though there is scientific evidence that vaccines save lives and that the emission of greenhouse gas, stemming from human activities, are accelerating global warming, there are people who prefer being on the side of conspiracy theories that deny these facts.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Directly linked to social media, the post-truth phenomenon also fueled the belief that Earth is flat, increasing its dissemination. <a href=\"https:\/\/lume.ufrgs.br\/handle\/10183\/265360\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A doctoral dissertation (from UFRGS\u2019 Graduate Program in Social Anthropology)<\/a>, dedicated to understand the causes and consequences of this social movement, analyzed, on digital platforms, the audience formation and the aesthetic dimensions of the dissemination wave of the flat Earth model. The dissertation, authored by Jorge Garcia de Holanda, noted how the \u201cawakening\u201d to the \u201chidden truth\u201d, argued by flat Earthers, occurred out of the in-depth immersion in media content, mostly YouTube videos.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In-depth immersion and awakening<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In late 2018, while casually browsing through YouTube in search for music, Jorge stumbled upon a video suggestion about flat Earth theory. The anthropologist had already been briefly introduced to the term. Curious, he decided to click on the video and see for himself what was so interesting about it. The hours-long video showed a US YouTuber documenting the situation around the topic, and from then on other recommendations of people defending the theory came up. \u201cIt was shocking [to me]. How there may be people defending something science already produced a series of facts disagreeing with?,\u201d he asked himself.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The dissertation initial project, that had been following his master\u2019s thesis about homeless people, was restructured. Jorge\u2019s interest in deepening his searches stemmed from the necessity of comprehending how it was possible to support something that goes against science and what is the relevance of producing so many images. \u201cIt\u2019s all very counterintuitive for anyone who had schooling and studied that Earth is spherical,\u201d he says.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u201cThese images are, for example, of the horizon \u2013 in which you don\u2019t notice a sharp curve. People ask, \u201cWhere is the curve?\u201d and point out: \u201cSee, this image was taken from a flying plane and I still don\u2019t see the curvature.\u201d There are various types of images. Another example is a video of a space station that NASA recorded, and the person identifies something that they understand as a filming error, alleging it was recorded in a studio.\u201d<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<cite>Jorge Garcia de Holanda\u00a0<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The coronavirus pandemic had just been declared when it became clear to Jorge that his research would have to be done remotely. Coincidently, flat Earth theory, just as other adjacent conspiracy theories, is largely a digital phenomenon. Before the pandemic, Jorge had been attending in-person conventions on the topic and he interviewed enthusiasts, a method that would be central to much of his dissertation.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Surprised by the unpredictability, he had to search for answers using other methods: the author analyzed images produced for and available on the internet, focusing, particularly, on the hundred videos he watched. By connecting the content with his readings about image analysis, he came with the understanding that the in-depth immersion in the videos were the primary means in which the \u201cawakening\u201d, the revelation of the \u201ctruth\u201d, and the production of subjectivity occurred.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Among the methods used by the flat Earthers to justify their beliefs, the most prevalent were: (1) videos of scientific diffusion produced by an \u201cofficial science\u201d; (2) videos of flat Earthers conducting experiments to prove that Earth is flat, such as the so-called curvature test; (3) proofs based on biblical passages that allegedly affirm that the Earth is flat; and (4) images that allegedly testify a global conspiracy, such as in TV shows like The Simpsons, the Masonry organization, the so-called New World Order, and other conspiratorial actors.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The author concludes that the recommendation system of current digital platforms gave a new look to the flat Earth model, whose records date back to at least the 19th century, contributing with audience formation and attributing new aesthetic dimensions. \u201cFor us to understand the flat Earth theory it is interesting to understand which aesthetic effects it produces. The reality effects given to the videos by content creators turn them [the videos] effective to a lot of people that have got immersed in this \u2018flat Earth world\u2019 and come to believe that the real world was pictured in those images,\u201d explains Jorge. Still, according to him, a single video doesn\u2019t make a flat Earther: in-depth immersion is essential for the birth of a sympathizer of the theory.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The movement cool down, but branches out<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since when YouTube started to regulate ads around the flat Earth theory, the presence of the topic in social discussions has been decreasing. Consequently, migrating to channels such as Telegram was one of the alternatives adopted by these groups. In the beginning of the pandemic, this community experienced a discursive convergence, encompassing the negationism regarding the vaccine effectiveness and the credibility of the social institutions.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since November, Jorge has been the substitute Anthropology professor at Federal University of Cear\u00e1. \u201cI have been very busy lately, with a lot of classes to handle. Still haven\u2019t been able to come back to my research, even to develop my article around it,\u201d he reports. Despite the current responsibilities, the anthropologist aims, at a given point, to further develop the ideas explored in his dissertation, focusing on digital platforms, on the aesthetic dimensions and algorithm recommendations.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-accent-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\">Translated into English by <strong>Kethlyn Santos Machado<\/strong>, undergraduate student enrolled in the course &#8220;Supervised Translation Training I (English)&#8221; of the Undergraduate Program in Language and Literature, under the supervision and translation revision of Professor Elizamari R. Becker (P.h.D.) &#8211; IL\/UFRGS.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>:: Read in portuguese<\/strong><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/ciencia\/tese-de-doutorado-analisa-a-onda-de-disseminacao-negacionista-do-modelo-terra-plana\/\">Tese de doutorado analisa a onda de dissemina\u00e7\u00e3o negacionista do modelo Terra Plana<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Anthropology | Researcher noted that flat Earthers conversion occurs, primarily, through deep immersion on YouTube videos\u00a0\u00a0<span class=\"more-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/jornal\/doctoral-dissertation-analyzes-the-negationist-dissemination-of-flat-earth-model\/\">Leia mais<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":192,"featured_media":77062,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"page_builder":"","footnotes":"","_ppma_block_editor_authors":""},"categories":[4495],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[3402],"class_list":["entry","author-alexandrefilho","has-excerpt","post-99555","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-in-english"],"pp_statuses_selecting_workflow":false,"pp_workflow_action":"current","pp_status_selection":"publish","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Doctoral dissertation analyzes the negationist dissemination of Flat Earth model\u00a0 - Jornal da Universidade<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Anthropology | Researcher noted that flat Earthers conversion occurs, 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