{"id":2868,"date":"2021-08-05T16:55:03","date_gmt":"2021-08-05T19:55:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/?page_id=2868"},"modified":"2023-08-21T10:14:09","modified_gmt":"2023-08-21T13:14:09","slug":"indicadores-de-alteracoes-hidro-eletroliticas","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/ensino\/manual_bioq_clin\/indicadores-de-alteracoes-hidro-eletroliticas\/","title":{"rendered":"Indicadores de altera\u00e7\u00f5es hidro-eletrol\u00edticas"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"background-color: #d9edf7;color: #333333;border-left-color: #31708f\" class=\"ub-styled-box ub-notification-box wp-block-ub-styled-box\" id=\"ub-styled-box-05e3ad66-79a7-4999-a24c-92b35c360b9e\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"ub-styled-box-notification-content-d8b8098e-01c6-4097-a887-6b56e8c393e4\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide\" style=\"grid-template-columns:15% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/publicacoes\/livros\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"249\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/capa_epub.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3752 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/capa_epub.png 200w, https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/capa_epub-120x150.png 120w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Os conte\u00fados destas p\u00e1ginas s\u00e3o baseados no livro \u201cIntrodu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 bioqu\u00edmica cl\u00ednica veterin\u00e1ria\u201d<br>Clique\/toque no livro para mais detalhes<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aproximadamente 60% do peso corporal de um animal adulto \u00e9 \u00e1gua. Do total de \u00e1gua, 2\/3 est\u00e3o localizados dentro das c\u00e9lulas constituindo o fluido intracelular e 1\/3 localiza-se fora das c\u00e9lulas (fluido extracelular), em v\u00e1rios sub-compartimentos: 2\/3 est\u00e3o no fluido intersticial, que banha as c\u00e9lulas, e 1\/3 constitui o plasma sangu\u00edneo. \u00c9 no plasma que s\u00e3o realizadas as determina\u00e7\u00f5es de eletr\u00f3litos e indicadores de hidrata\u00e7\u00e3o. A principal diferen\u00e7a entre o l\u00edquido intersticial e o plasma \u00e9 que este \u00faltimo cont\u00e9m mais prote\u00ednas. Como a \u00e1gua passa livremente atrav\u00e9s das membranas, o volume em cada compartimento est\u00e1 determinado pelos solutos que caracterizam cada espa\u00e7o. No plasma s\u00e3o as prote\u00ednas e o Cl<sup>\u2212<\/sup>, no fluido extracelular \u00e9 o Na<sup>+<\/sup>, e no espa\u00e7o intracelular \u00e9 o K<sup>+<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As mudan\u00e7as no espa\u00e7o extracelular afetam os outros compartimentos, e seu controle constitui a regula\u00e7\u00e3o homeost\u00e1tica. O controle \u00e9 realizado basicamente sobre o volume e sobre a press\u00e3o osm\u00f3tica do fluido extracelular, mediante a a\u00e7\u00e3o hormonal do sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona e da vasopressina ou horm\u00f4nio antidiur\u00e9tico (ADH). Outros pontos de controle incluem sinais neurais, como, por exemplo, o centro da sede.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O s\u00f3dio (Na<sup>+<\/sup>) \u00e9 o principal c\u00e1tion extracelular, enquanto que o pot\u00e1ssio (K<sup>+<\/sup>) e o magn\u00e9sio (Mg<sup>2+<\/sup>) s\u00e3o os principais c\u00e1tions intracelulares. O cloreto (Cl<sup>\u2212<\/sup>) e o bicarbonato (HCO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>) s\u00e3o os \u00e2nions que predominam no espa\u00e7o extracelular, ao passo que as prote\u00ednas e o fosfato (HPO<sub>4<\/sub><sup>2\u2212<\/sup>) s\u00e3o os principais \u00e2nions intracelulares<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O rim \u00e9 o \u00f3rg\u00e3o mais importante na regula\u00e7\u00e3o do volume e da composi\u00e7\u00e3o dos fluidos corporais, atrav\u00e9s de tr\u00eas processos: (a) <strong>ultrafiltra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>, atrav\u00e9s dos capilares glomerulares; (b) <strong>reabsor\u00e7\u00e3o <\/strong>seletiva de fluidos e de solutos nos t\u00fabulos proximais, al\u00e7a de Henle, t\u00fabulos distais e dutos coletores; e (c) <strong>secre\u00e7\u00e3o <\/strong>seletiva de solutos no l\u00famen dos t\u00fabulos proximal e distal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Indicadores<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/ensino\/manual_bioq_clin\/indicadores-da-desidratacao\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"2874\">Indicadores de desidrata\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/ensino\/manual_bioq_clin\/albumina\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"2945\">Albumina<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/ensino\/manual_bioq_clin\/ureia\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"510\">Ureia<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/ensino\/manual_bioq_clin\/potassio\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"489\">Pot\u00e1ssio<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/ensino\/manual_bioq_clin\/sodio\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"495\">S\u00f3dio<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/ensino\/manual_bioq_clin\/cloro\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"2908\">Cloro<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/ensino\/manual_bioq_clin\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"393\">\ud83d\udcd6 Clique\/toque aqui para saber mais<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aproximadamente 60% do peso corporal de um animal adulto \u00e9 \u00e1gua. Do total de \u00e1gua, 2\/3 &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/ensino\/manual_bioq_clin\/indicadores-de-alteracoes-hidro-eletroliticas\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Indicadores de altera\u00e7\u00f5es hidro-eletrol\u00edticas<\/span> Read more \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":393,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2868","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"featured_image_src":"","featured_image_src_square":false,"rbea_author_info":{"display_name":"SCS","author_link":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/author\/ceroni\/"},"rbea_excerpt_info":"Aproximadamente 60% do peso corporal de um animal adulto \u00e9 \u00e1gua. Do total de \u00e1gua, 2\/3 &hellip;<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/ensino\/manual_bioq_clin\/indicadores-de-alteracoes-hidro-eletroliticas\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Indicadores de altera\u00e7\u00f5es hidro-eletrol\u00edticas<\/span> Read more \u2192<\/a><\/p>","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2868","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2868"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2868\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6555,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2868\/revisions\/6555"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/393"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/lacvet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2868"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}