https:\/\/mconf.ufrgs.br\/webconf\/ppgbm<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
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Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\nTeratogenic exposures, arising from environmental agents, infectious diseases, and pharmaceutical compounds, represent a concern due to their potential to cause congenital anomalies and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Identifying and understanding such exposures is essential for implementing preventive measures, reducing morbidity and mortality, and improving population health. My thesis aims to evaluate the effects of prenatal exposures to environmental, infectious, and pharmaceutical agents on adverse outcomes and their public health implications. A scoping review was conducted on six databases, focusing on studies from Latin America and the Caribbean that examined pesticide exposure during pregnancy. Outcomes assessed included obstetric and neonatal complications, congenital anomalies, anthropometric parameters, neurodevelopment, childhood leukemia, and respiratory infections. In an ecological study, I investigated the association between pesticide exposure and hypospadias prevalence in municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil, through a spatial Bayesian hierarchical model. The overall prevalence was 4.69 cases per 10,000 live births, with ten municipalities identified as high-risk areas. Municipalities with larger tobacco cultivation areas exhibit a higher risk (\u03b2 0.003; 95% CI: 0.000, 0.007), and specific pesticides (metaflumizone (\u03b2 4;776; 95% CI: 0.113, 9.444) and 2,4-D (\u03b2 4.384; 95% CI: 0.209, 8.530)) were significantly associated with hypospadias. Using a capture-recapture approach, I also assessed the underreporting of hypospadias in RS by linking data from SINASC (Sistema de Informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre Nascidos Vivos<\/em>) and SIH (Sistema de Informa\u00e7\u00e3o Hospitalar<\/em>). Additionally, I explored the effects of COVID-19 during pregnancy through a hospital-based study of SARS-CoV-2-infected pregnant women. I characterized medication use and identified predictors of COVID-19-related hospitalizations using logistic regression. Analgesics (2.4% to 20.0%), antibacterials (15.0% to 23.1%), and corticosteroids (7.2% to 10.4%) were the most commonly used medications across pregnancy trimesters. Pre-existing or gestational hypertension (OR 4.94; 95% CI: 1.65, 14.87) and receiving at least one dose of SARS-CoV-2 (OR 0.13; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.39) vaccine were significantly associated with hospitalization risk. These findings underscore the ongoing challenge of teratogenic exposures in a rapidly changing world. They corroborate existing evidence on the adverse effects of pesticide exposure, highlight potential risk factors for hypospadias, and quantify underreporting of this congenital anomaly in RS. Furthermore, they provide real-world evidence on medication use and the protective effects of vaccination during pregnancy, contributing to public health strategies aimed at mitigating teratogenic risks.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"04 de abril de 2025 SEMIN\u00c1RIO DE QUALIFICA\u00c7\u00c3O (Doutorado) RICARDO ROHWEDER Prenatal Environmental, Infectious, and Pharmaceutical Exposures: Epidemiological Approaches and Public Health Implications Orientadora: Dra. Lav\u00ednia Sch\u00fcler Faccini Banca […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":15971,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[108,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15970","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-seminarios-e-defesas","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/ppgbm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15970","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/ppgbm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/ppgbm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/ppgbm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/ppgbm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15970"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/ppgbm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15970\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15972,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/ppgbm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15970\/revisions\/15972"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/ppgbm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15971"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/ppgbm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15970"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/ppgbm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15970"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/ppgbm\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15970"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}