{"id":4949,"date":"2022-12-14T13:37:08","date_gmt":"2022-12-14T16:37:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/propur\/?page_id=4949"},"modified":"2025-03-25T16:31:27","modified_gmt":"2025-03-25T19:31:27","slug":"teses-2022","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/propur\/ensino-pessoal\/ensino\/producoes\/teses-2022\/","title":{"rendered":"Teses \u2013 2022"},"content":{"rendered":"

TESES<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

ANO BASE 2022<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00edtulo:<\/strong> O LEGADO DE EQUIPAMENTOS OL\u00cdMPICOS: UMA AN\u00c1LISE DOS USOS NO PER\u00cdODO P\u00d3S-JOGOS NO RIO DE JANEIRO<\/span>
Autora:<\/strong> GABRIELA COSTA DA SILVA
Orientador: <\/strong>Prof. Dr. Ant\u00f4nio Tarc\u00edsio da Luz Reis
Data da Defesa:<\/strong> 09\/12\/2022
Banca:
<\/strong>Prof.\u00aa Dr.\u00aa Geisa Tamara Bugs<\/span>
Prof.\u00aa Dr.\u00aa Gisele Silva Pereira<\/span>
Prof.\u00aa Dr.\u00aa Maria Cristina Dias Lay<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

\ud83d\udd3b RESUMO<\/strong><\/summary>\n

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral verificar o legado de equipamentos ol\u00edmpicos atrav\u00e9s da an\u00e1lise de uso de cada equipamento ol\u00edmpico no per\u00edodo p\u00f3s-jogos. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, foram escolhidas as \u00e1reas ol\u00edmpicas dos bairros Barra da Tijuca e Deodoro, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro \u2013 RJ, sede dos Jogos Ol\u00edmpicos de 2016, por abrigarem a maior parte dos equipamentos, nomeadamente: Parque Aqu\u00e1tico Maria Lenk, Jeunesse Arena, Vel\u00f3dromo, Arenas Cariocas 1, 2 e 3, Centro de T\u00eanis, Arena do Futuro e Centro Aqu\u00e1tico, no Parque Ol\u00edmpico, e Campo Ol\u00edmpico de Golfe, no bairro Barra da Tijuca; e Piscina de Canoagem Slalom, Pista BMX, Arena Juventude, Centro Nacional de Tiro, Piscina do Pentatlo Moderno, Centro de H\u00f3quei sobre Grama e Centro de Hipismo, no Complexo Esportivo de Deodoro. Os dados foram coletados atrav\u00e9s de question\u00e1rios, aplicados presencialmente nos equipamentos ol\u00edmpicos e nas proximidades e via internet, com usu\u00e1rios e moradores do entorno do Parque Ol\u00edmpico, Campo Ol\u00edmpico de Golfe e Complexo Esportivo de Deodoro. Tamb\u00e9m foram realizadas entrevistas estruturadas, presencialmente nos equipamentos ol\u00edmpicos e no entorno imediato e via liga\u00e7\u00e3o por WhatsApp, com os seguintes grupos: usu\u00e1rios, moradores do entorno e funcion\u00e1rios do Parque Ol\u00edmpico, Campo Ol\u00edmpico de Golfe e Complexo Esportivo de Deodoro; alunos do col\u00e9gio Alfa Cem (Jeunesse Arena, Parque Ol\u00edmpico); e funcion\u00e1rio da Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados quantitativos provenientes dos question\u00e1rios foram analisados atrav\u00e9s de frequ\u00eancias e testes estat\u00edsticos n\u00e3o-param\u00e9tricos e os dados de natureza qualitativa das entrevistas foram analisados atrav\u00e9s de interpreta\u00e7\u00f5es dos significados e frequ\u00eancias. Para descrever e analisar as caracter\u00edsticas da configura\u00e7\u00e3o espacial da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, foi utilizada an\u00e1lise sint\u00e1tica. Os resultados evidenciam a import\u00e2ncia da constru\u00e7\u00e3o de equipamentos multifuncionais, os quais s\u00e3o adapt\u00e1veis para receber diferentes atividades que atendam n\u00e3o s\u00f3 atletas, por meio de treinamentos e competi\u00e7\u00f5es, como tamb\u00e9m a popula\u00e7\u00e3o em geral atrav\u00e9s de projetos sociais. A gest\u00e3o privada dos equipamentos ol\u00edmpicos tende a apresentar melhor manuten\u00e7\u00e3o do que a p\u00fablica, contudo, quando uma institui\u00e7\u00e3o, tal como o Ex\u00e9rcito, recebe recursos p\u00fablicos para serem investidos na manuten\u00e7\u00e3o dos equipamentos, estes tendem a apresentar manuten\u00e7\u00e3o adequada. Por sua vez, o fato das instala\u00e7\u00f5es ol\u00edmpicas contribu\u00edrem para o desenvolvimento e valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o do bairro indica que localizar os equipamentos ol\u00edmpicos de maneira descentralizada implicaria no crescimento qualificado de diferentes \u00e1reas da cidade-sede. Embora seja importante que todas as instala\u00e7\u00f5es estejam em \u00e1reas acess\u00edveis, com infraestrutura urbana adequada (p. ex., ilumina\u00e7\u00e3o, pavimenta\u00e7\u00e3o, com\u00e9rcios e hot\u00e9is) e segura quanto ao crime, equipamentos ol\u00edmpicos utilizados tanto por atletas, para treinamentos e competi\u00e7\u00f5es, quanto pela popula\u00e7\u00e3o, por meio de projetos sociais, estariam melhor localizados em \u00e1reas carentes, tendo em vista que os principais usu\u00e1rios de instala\u00e7\u00f5es com estes usos s\u00e3o caracterizados pela baixa renda. Ainda, apesar das instala\u00e7\u00f5es estarem localizadas em \u00e1reas perif\u00e9ricas ou em expans\u00e3o, devido \u00e0 aus\u00eancia de \u00e1reas livres em zonas centrais, verifica-se que a disponibilidade de transporte p\u00fablico e de vias adequadas reduz problemas gerados pela dist\u00e2ncia entre as instala\u00e7\u00f5es e o local de moradia dos usu\u00e1rios. Adicionalmente, a percep\u00e7\u00e3o de seguran\u00e7a por parte de usu\u00e1rios de \u00e1reas ol\u00edmpicas \u00e9 sustentada pelo desconhecimento de assaltos e pela presen\u00e7a de cercamento, que canaliza a entrada e sa\u00edda de pessoas a um \u00fanico port\u00e3o vigiado por guardas, como acontece no Parque Ol\u00edmpico do Rio de Janeiro e no Campo Ol\u00edmpico de Golfe. Por sua vez, o fato das pessoas sentirem falta da maior supervis\u00e3o de guardas em grandes \u00e1reas abertas, poderia ser tratado tamb\u00e9m pela inclus\u00e3o de atividades que sirvam como atratores de usu\u00e1rios e, logo, contribuam para a supervis\u00e3o dessas grandes \u00e1reas. Embora a presen\u00e7a de vegeta\u00e7\u00e3o e manuten\u00e7\u00e3o e limpeza adequadas e as caracter\u00edsticas dos equipamentos (cores, dimens\u00f5es e formas) contribuam para a apar\u00eancia das \u00e1reas ol\u00edmpicas, verifica-se que tal apar\u00eancia n\u00e3o tem um impacto direto sobre os usos desses equipamentos, pois dependem de outros aspectos, como a conserva\u00e7\u00e3o dos espa\u00e7os internos. Por fim, espera-se que os resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa possam contribuir para o conhecimento acerca do planejamento de equipamentos ol\u00edmpicos visando os seus usos no per\u00edodo p\u00f3s-jogos.
Palavras-chave:<\/strong> parque ol\u00edmpico; equipamentos ol\u00edmpicos; uso p\u00f3s-jogos; percep\u00e7\u00e3o dos usu\u00e1rios.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udd3b ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/summary>\n

This research aims to verify the legacy of Olympic venues through the analysis of the use of each Olympic venue in the post-Olympic period. In order to reach the proposed goal, were chosen the Olympic areas in Barra da Tijuca and Deodoro neighborhoods, in the city of Rio de Janeiro \u2013 RJ, which hosted the 2016 Olympic Games, for they shelter most of the venues, namely: Maria Lenk waterpark, Jeunesse Arena, Rio Olympic Velodrome, Carioca Arenas 1, 2 and 3, Olympic Tennis Center, Future Arena and the Olympic Aquatics Stadium, in Barra Olympic Park, and Olympic Golf Course, in Barra da Tijuca neighborhood; and Olympic Whitewater Stadium, Olympic BMX center, Youth Arena, National Shooting Center, Aquatics Center, Olympic Hockey Center and National Equestrian Center, at Deodoro Olympic Park. The data has been collected through questionnaires at the Olympic venues and surroundings and via internet, with users and residents of the Barra Olympic Park, Olympic Golf Course and Deodoro Olympic Park\u2019s whereabouts. Were also carried out structured interviews, face-to-face at the Olympic venues in the immediate surroundings and via Whatsapp call, with the following groups: users, residents of the surroundings and Olympic Park, Olympic Golf Course and Deodoro Sports Complex workers, Col\u00e9gio Alfa Cem students, and workers of the Rio de Janeiro City Hall. The quantitative data obtained from the questionnaires was analyzed through frequencies and nonparametric tests and the data of qualitative nature was analyzed through interpretations of the meanings and frequencies. To describe and analyze the characteristics of the spatial configuration of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Syntactic Analysis was used. The result points out the importance of the construction of multi-use venues, which are adaptable to host different activities that not only meet the needs of athletes, providing space for training and competitions, but also the population\u2019s needs via social projects. The private management of the venues tends to show better maintenance than the public one. However, when an institution, such as the Army, gets public resources to be invested in the venues\u2019 maintenance, these tend to show adequate maintenance. In turn, the fact that the Olympic buildings contribute to the development and valuation of the neighborhood indicates that locating the Olympic venues in a decentralized way results in the qualified growth of different areas of the Host City. Although it is important that every venue is in accessible areas, with adequate infrastructure (such as lighting, paving, shops and hotels) and safe against criminality, Olympic venues used as much by athletes, for training and competitions, as the population, via social projects, would be better located in needy areas, as the main users of venues with this purpose are characterized as low-income people. Moreover, despite the fact that the venues are located in peripheral or expanding areas, due to the lack of free areas in central zones, it\u2019s verified that the availability of public transportation and adequate ways reduce problems created by the distance between the venues and the residents\u2019 dwelling places. In addition, the perception of security from the users of Olympic areas is sustained by the unawareness of the existence of robberies and the presence of a fence that channels the entrance and exit of people in one single gate, as it is at Barra Olympic Park and at the Olympic Golf Course. In turn, the fact that the people notice the lack of supervision of guards in bigger open areas could also be treated with the inclusion of activities which serve as users attractors and, thus, contribute to the supervision of such areas. Even though the presence of vegetation, the proper maintenance and cleaning, and the characteristics of the venues (colors, sizes and shapes) help with the appearance of the Olympic areas, it\u2019s seen that such appearance doesn\u2019t have a direct impact on the use of such venues, since they depend on other aspects, such as the conservation of the internal areas. Lastly, it\u2019s expected that the results obtained with this research may contribute with knowledge about the planning of Olympic venues considering their uses in the post-Olympic period.
Keywords:<\/strong> Olympic Park, Olympic venues, post-games use, users\u2019 perception.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n

Texto Completo:<\/strong> Clique aqui<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n

T\u00edtulo:<\/strong> UMA CR\u00cdTICA \u00c0 RAZ\u00c3O DA PR\u00c1TICA: SOBRE A FLEXIBILIZA\u00c7\u00c3O DO PLANEJAMENTO URBANO E SUA EXPRESS\u00c3O MATERIAL<\/span>
Autor:<\/strong> WILLIAM MOG
Orientadora: <\/strong>Prof.\u00aa Dr.\u00aa L\u00edvia Teresinha Salom\u00e3o Piccinini
Linha de Pesquisa:<\/strong> Planejamento e Espa\u00e7o Urbano e Regional
Data da Defesa:<\/strong> 31\/01\/2022
Banca:
<\/strong>Examinador Externo: Prof. Dr. Jo\u00e3o Sette Whitaker Ferreira<\/span>
Examinador Externo: Prof. Dr. Antonio David Cattani<\/span>
Examinadora Externa: Prof.\u00aa Dr.\u00aa Maria Soares de Almeida<\/span>
Examinadora Interna: Prof.\u00aa Dr.\u00aa Wrana Maria Panizzi<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

\ud83d\udd3b RESUMO<\/strong><\/summary>\n

Esta tese \u00e9 uma cr\u00edtica ao planejamento urbano no contexto do neoliberalismo. Desenvolve-se aqui uma elabora\u00e7\u00e3o te\u00f3rica com base emp\u00edrica sobre a pr\u00e1tica do planejamento urbano na contemporaneidade marcada por pol\u00edticas neoliberais a partir da rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre a sua racionalidade e seu efeito material. Entende-se que o neoliberalismo, enquanto plano de fundo das transforma\u00e7\u00f5es recentes no planejamento urbano, institui uma nova forma de sociedade a partir de novos mecanismos metalegais via Estado, que adquirem uma pot\u00eancia transformadora, sobretudo, nos pa\u00edses subdesenvolvidos, como o Brasil. Um destes mecanismos \u00e9 o processo, em curso, de flexibiliza\u00e7\u00e3o das legisla\u00e7\u00f5es urban\u00edsticas, como a legisla\u00e7\u00e3o de uso e ocupa\u00e7\u00e3o do solo. Qual \u00e9 o efeito da flexibiliza\u00e7\u00e3o do planejamento urbano na forma de materializa\u00e7\u00e3o dos padr\u00f5es de uso e ocupa\u00e7\u00e3o do solo previstos em lei? Para responder este questionamento, objetiva-se analisar as transforma\u00e7\u00f5es na materializa\u00e7\u00e3o dos padr\u00f5es de uso e ocupa\u00e7\u00e3o do solo previstos em lei a partir da flexibiliza\u00e7\u00e3o do planejamento urbano. Compreende-se que a flexibiliza\u00e7\u00e3o do planejamento urbano representa na pr\u00e1tica um mecanismo de transfer\u00eancia de poder regulat\u00f3rio da produ\u00e7\u00e3o do espa\u00e7o do Estado para o mercado. Esta transfer\u00eancia ocorre a partir de um zoneamento que deixa de restringir as formas de uso e ocupa\u00e7\u00e3o do solo passando a viabiliz\u00e1-las a partir da estrutura fundi\u00e1ria, que se torna o par\u00e2metro determinante na regula\u00e7\u00e3o de uma materialidade progressivamente mais desigual. Tal elabora\u00e7\u00e3o te\u00f3rica \u00e9 constru\u00edda empiricamente a partir da cidade Porto Alegre\/RS. Assim como outros grandes centros urbanos no Brasil, na passagem do s\u00e9culo XX para o s\u00e9culo XXI, o planejamento urbano de Porto Alegre passa por um processo de flexibiliza\u00e7\u00e3o da legisla\u00e7\u00e3o de uso e de ocupa\u00e7\u00e3o do solo com a institui\u00e7\u00e3o do Plano Diretor de Desenvolvimento Urbano Ambiental (PDDUA). Este processo desencadeou uma nova fase na produ\u00e7\u00e3o do espa\u00e7o urbano local a partir de novos padr\u00f5es espaciais materializados pelo mercado imobili\u00e1rio, o que reorganizou a sociedade no territ\u00f3rio. Analisa-se o caso da flexibiliza\u00e7\u00e3o do planejamento urbano de Porto Alegre a partir de quatro abordagens que se complementam: uma abordagem hist\u00f3rica de contextualiza\u00e7\u00e3o e problematiza\u00e7\u00e3o do planejamento urbano local, uma abordagem social a partir da tend\u00eancia demogr\u00e1fica correspondente ao per\u00edodo da flexibiliza\u00e7\u00e3o do planejamento urbano local, uma abordagem espacial a partir da produ\u00e7\u00e3o imobili\u00e1ria correspondente ao per\u00edodo em an\u00e1lise e uma abordagem legal a partir das transforma\u00e7\u00f5es ocorridas na legisla\u00e7\u00e3o de uso e ocupa\u00e7\u00e3o do solo local que viabilizaram a produ\u00e7\u00e3o espacial. Com base neste estudo emp\u00edrico, este trabalho referenda a elabora\u00e7\u00e3o te\u00f3rica de que, se antes a legisla\u00e7\u00e3o urban\u00edstica servia ao mercado imobili\u00e1rio como um instrumento de regula\u00e7\u00e3o fundi\u00e1ria para a acumula\u00e7\u00e3o do capital no espa\u00e7o, agora a flexibiliza\u00e7\u00e3o da legisla\u00e7\u00e3o urban\u00edstica transfere este poder regulat\u00f3rio do Estado para o mercado, instituindo um mecanismo fundi\u00e1rio de regula\u00e7\u00e3o para a acumula\u00e7\u00e3o do capital no espa\u00e7o. O resultado na materialidade n\u00e3o poderia ser mais perverso para a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de uma cidade mais justa e menos desigual, na medida em que o poder de controle do mercado tanto da regula\u00e7\u00e3o como da produ\u00e7\u00e3o do espa\u00e7o inaugura um processo que culmina com um progressivo esvaziamento do sentido radical da ideia de cidad\u00e3o, como aquele capaz de exercer a sua cidadania por meio da cidade. Observa-se hoje em Porto Alegre e nos principais centros urbanos brasileiros, sobretudo, a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de uma sociedade de propriet\u00e1rios sem cidadania, independente da classe social. Reivindica-se, neste sentido, um reposicionamento t\u00e9cnico e pol\u00edtico do planejamento urbano a partir do Estado na luta por uma cidade ideal para todos e n\u00e3o s\u00f3 para o capital.
Palavras-chave:<\/strong> Flexibiliza\u00e7\u00e3o do planejamento urbano, transfer\u00eancia de poder regulat\u00f3rio, mecanismo fundi\u00e1rio de regula\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udd3b ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/summary>\n

This thesis is a critique of urban planning in the context of neoliberalism. Here, an empiricallybased theoretical elaboration is developed on the practice of urban planning in the contemporaneity marked by neoliberal policies, based on the relationship between its rationality and its material effect. It is understood that neoliberalism, as a background of recent transformations in urban planning, institutes a new form of society based on new metalegal mechanisms through the State, which acquire a transforming power, above all, in underdeveloped countries such as Brazil. One of these mechanisms is the ongoing process of flexibilization of urban legislation, such as legislation on land use and occupation. What is the effect of increasingly-flexible urban planning practices on the materialization of land use and occupation standards provided for by law? To answer this question, the objective is to analyze the transformations in the materialization of the patterns of use and occupation of the land foreseen by law from the flexibility of urban planning. It is understood that the flexibilization of urban planning represents, in practice, a mechanism for the transfer of regulatory power concerning the production of space from State to market. This transfer takes place from a zoning that no longer restricts the forms of use and occupation of the land, starting to make them viable based on the land structure, which becomes the determining parameter in the regulation of a progressively more unequal materiality. Such theoretical elaboration is empirically constructed from the city of Porto Alegre\/RS. Similar to other large urban centers in Brazil, at the turn of the 20th to the 21st century, urban planning in Porto Alegre is going through a process of flexibilization of its legislation with regard to land use and occupation at the hands of the Master Plan for Urban Environmental Development institution (PDDUA). This process triggered a new phase in the production of local urban space from new spatial patterns materialized by the real estate market, which reorganized society within the territory. The case of the flexibilization of urban planning in Porto Alegre is analyzed through four complementary approaches: a historical approach of contextualization and problematization of local urban planning; a social approach based on demographic trends corresponding to the period of flexibilization of local urban planning; a spatial approach based on the real estate production corresponding to the period under analysis and a legal approach based on the legislative changes regarding local land use and occupation, ultimately allowing for spacial production. Based on this empirical study, this work supports the theoretical elaboration that, if before the urban legislation served the real estate market as an instrument of land regulation for the accumulation of capital in space, now, the flexibility of urban legislation transfers this regulatory power from State to market, instituting a land regulation mechanism for the accumulation of capital in space. The result in materiality could not be more perverse for the construction of a fairer and less unequal city, as the market\u2019s power to control both regulation and production of space inaugurates a process that culminates in a progressive emptying of meaning radical idea of the citizen, as one capable of exercising their citizenship through the city. It is observed today in Porto Alegre and in major Brazilian urban centers, above all, the construction of a society of owners without citizenship, regardless of social class. In this sense, a technical and political repositioning of urban planning based on the State in the struggle for an ideal city for everyone, and not just for capital, is demanded.
Keywords:<\/strong> Flexibility of urban planning, transfer of regulatory power, land regulation mechanism.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n

Texto Completo:<\/strong> Clique aqui<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n

T\u00edtulo:<\/strong> REDES DE ATORES E (DES)ARTICULA\u00c7\u00c3O INSTITUCIONAL NA REGI\u00c3O METROPOLITANA DE PORTO ALEGRE: CONTRIBUI\u00c7\u00d5ES AO DEBATE SOBRE A GOVERNAN\u00c7A INTERFEDERATIVA<\/span>
Autora:<\/strong> ROSANNE LIPP JO\u00c3O HEIDRICH
Orientadora: <\/strong>Prof.\u00aa Dr.\u00aa Heleniza \u00c1vila Campos
Linha de Pesquisa:<\/strong> Planejamento e Espa\u00e7o Urbano e Regional
Data da Defesa:<\/strong> 01\/02\/2022
Banca:
<\/strong>Examinadora Externa: Prof.\u00aa Dr.\u00aa Latussa Bianca Laranja Monteiro<\/span>
Examinador Externo: Prof. Dr. Lizandro Lui<\/span>
Examinadora Interna: Prof.\u00aa Dr.\u00aa Luciana In\u00eas Gomes Miron<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

\ud83d\udd3b RESUMO<\/strong><\/summary>\n

A publica\u00e7\u00e3o do Estatuto da Metr\u00f3pole, Lei 13.089\/2015, trouxe avan\u00e7os enquanto pol\u00edtica p\u00fablica voltada ao contexto metropolitano, contudo, no caso da Regi\u00e3o Metropolitana de Porto Alegre\/RS (RMPA), verifica-se a necessidade da supera\u00e7\u00e3o de alguns obst\u00e1culos para a sua implementa\u00e7\u00e3o e efetiva\u00e7\u00e3o. Desse modo, a pesquisa procurou verificar as rela\u00e7\u00f5es entre munic\u00edpios e entre estes e entidades representantes da sociedade organizada na regi\u00e3o, a fim de identificar as redes institucionais existentes e os m\u00faltiplos territ\u00f3rios pol\u00edtico-institucionais estabelecidos. Inferindo-se, assim, os processos que permeiam suas configura\u00e7\u00f5es, e a propens\u00e3o de seus arranjos para apoiar a estrutura\u00e7\u00e3o da governan\u00e7a metropolitana. Buscou-se, ainda, reconhecer a import\u00e2ncia que atores individuais \u2013 gestores e t\u00e9cnicos municipais e, integrantes de institui\u00e7\u00f5es associativas representantes da sociedade na RMPA \u2013 atribuem ao estabelecimento de um processo de planejamento integrado metropolitano. Com tais objetivos utilizou-se a teoria-metodologia da An\u00e1lise de Redes Sociais (ARS), apoiada em vertentes te\u00f3ricas do Neoinstitucionalismo, realizando an\u00e1lises de diferentes redes institucionais estabelecidas na regi\u00e3o. Um question\u00e1rio semiestruturado foi aplicado a 191 atores, com uma taxa de retorno de 31%. Verificou-se que a constitui\u00e7\u00e3o de territ\u00f3rios fruto do associativismo, dado pela articula\u00e7\u00e3o dos atores municipais, sobrep\u00f5e-se \u00e0 regi\u00e3o metropolitana. Entretanto, h\u00e1 o reconhecimento da import\u00e2ncia do planejamento integrado entre estado e munic\u00edpios na regi\u00e3o. Isso indica a possibilidade do desenvolvimento de um processo de (re)territorializa\u00e7\u00e3o metropolitana, para o qual a institui\u00e7\u00e3o da governan\u00e7a metropolitana seria o ponto de partida, a fim de direcionar seu planejamento e gest\u00e3o. Conclui-se que tal processo depende do desenvolvimento de uma cultura metropolitana, a partir de uma vis\u00e3o integrada da RMPA. E, para tanto, ser\u00e3o decisivas a participa\u00e7\u00e3o e a coordena\u00e7\u00e3o efetiva do Estado, enquanto direcionador e fomentador de perspectivas para a regi\u00e3o.
Palavras-chave:<\/strong> Regi\u00e3o Metropolitana. Governan\u00e7a. Processo Socioespacial. Planejamento. Fun\u00e7\u00f5es p\u00fablicas de interesse comum. Atores. Redes. Neoinstitucionalismo. Regi\u00e3o metropolitana de Porto Alegre\/RS.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udd3b ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/summary>\n

The publication of the Metropolis Statute, Law 13.089\/2015, brought advances as a public policy aimed at the metropolitan context, however, in the case of the Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre\/RS (RMPA), there is a need to overcome some obstacles for its implementation and effectiveness. In this way, the research sought to verify the relationships between municipalities and between them and entities representing the organized society in the region, to identify the existing institutional networks and the multiple political-institutional territories established. Thus, inferring the processes that permeate its configurations and the propensity for the arrangements to support the structuring of the metropolitan governance. It was also sought to recognize the importance that individual actors \u2013 municipal managers and technicians and members of associative institutions representing society in the RMPA \u2013 attribute to the establishment of an integrated metropolitan planning process. With these objectives, the theorymethodology of Social Network Analysis (SNA) was used, supported by theoretical aspects of Neo-institutionalism, carrying out analyzes of different institutional networks established in the region. A semi-structured questionnaire was applied to about 191 actors, whose return rate was 31%. The results showed that the constitution of territories due to associativism, given by the articulation of municipal actors, overlaps with the metropolitan region. Nevertheless, there is recognition of the importance of integrated planning between the State and municipalities in the region. This indicates the possibility of developing a process of metropolitan (re)territorialization, for which the institution of metropolitan governance would be the starting point, to direct its planning and management. However, this process still depends on the development of a metropolitan culture, based on an integrated vision of the RMPA. For this to be achieved, the participation and effective coordination of the State will be decisive as a driver and promoter of perspectives for the region.
Keywords:<\/strong> Metropolitan region. Governance. Social-spatial process. Planning. Public Functions of Common Interest. Actors. Networks. Neo-institutionalism. Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre\/RS.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n

Texto Completo:<\/strong> Clique aqui<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

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T\u00edtulo:<\/strong> DOS EFEITOS DE LUGAR \u00c0 DESIGUALDADE: LIMITES E PERSPECTIVAS DO PLANEJAMENTO TERRITORIAL NA RELA\u00c7\u00c3O URBANO-RURAL<\/span>
Autor:<\/strong> MARCELO ARIOLI HECK
Orientador: <\/strong>Prof. Dr. Eber Pires Marzulo
Linha de Pesquisa:<\/strong> Cidade, Cultura e Pol\u00edtica
Data da Defesa:<\/strong> 15\/03\/2022
Banca:
<\/strong>Examinador Externo: Prof. Dr. Decio Bevilacqua<\/span>
Examinador Externo: Prof. Dr. Eduardo Ernesto Filippi<\/span>
Examinadora Interna: Prof.\u00aa Dr.\u00aa Heleniza \u00c1vila Campos<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

\ud83d\udd3b RESUMO<\/strong><\/summary>\n

A desigualdade \u00e9 uma das quest\u00f5es fundamentais da realidade brasileira. Parte-se da compreens\u00e3o de que a desigualdade de renda \u00e9 estrutural e se correlaciona com as desigualdades socioespaciais por sua centralidade nas din\u00e2micas do capitalismo e da sociedade de mercado, das quais o elemento central \u00e9 a propriedade privada. Ampliando o debate para os efeitos de lugar, considera-se que a desigualdade espacial \u00e9 decorr\u00eancia de fronteiras sociais, que condicionam oportunidades de acesso \u00e0 diferentes esp\u00e9cies de capital (cultural, econ\u00f4mico, social e simb\u00f3lico), refor\u00e7ando hierarquias e desigualdades sociais. A discuss\u00e3o centra-se na rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre espa\u00e7os urbanos e rurais, entendendo o espa\u00e7o a partir de sua multiplicidade e heterogeneidade, e discutindo os crit\u00e9rios internacionais e nacionais para a classifica\u00e7\u00e3o tipol\u00f3gica urbano-rural. Pelo vi\u00e9s urbano, o crescimento demogr\u00e1fico \u00e9 acompanhado por um processo de periferiza\u00e7\u00e3o e de urbaniza\u00e7\u00e3o incompleta, ocasionando conflitos na rela\u00e7\u00e3o urbano-rural e resultando na configura\u00e7\u00e3o de um espa\u00e7o dos pobres tanto em \u00e1reas urbanas segregadas quanto em periferias municipais e espa\u00e7os rurais. J\u00e1 o rural \u00e9 abordado a partir da nova ruralidade, entendendo-se a necessidade de um continuum, ou transi\u00e7\u00e3o, entre o espa\u00e7o urbano e o espa\u00e7o rural. A empiria estuda o caso brasileiro, aprofundando-se na an\u00e1lise do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, a fim de investigar a din\u00e2mica das desigualdades entre os espa\u00e7os urbano e rural. Para tanto, s\u00e3o observados indicadores de renda e socioespaciais, distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de equipamentos e de infraestruturas, e pol\u00edticas p\u00fablicas relacionadas. A tese defende que a grande desigualdade entre o urbano e o rural \u00e9 consequ\u00eancia da regulamenta\u00e7\u00e3o pol\u00edticoadministrativa, que incide nos efeitos de lugar e condiciona as atividades de gest\u00e3o e de planejamento territorial. Em suma, a estrutura incorpora os seguintes resultados: a) a grande desigualdade entre o urbano e o rural tem como consequ\u00eancia uma din\u00e2mica de esvaziamento populacional e de aumento da pobreza no espa\u00e7o rural; b) a regulamenta\u00e7\u00e3o pol\u00edticoadministrativa nacional reafirma a dicotomia urbano-rural, seja pelo vi\u00e9s jur\u00eddico-normativo, seja administrativamente por meio das pol\u00edticas p\u00fablicas; c) a estrutura estatal condiciona as atividades de gest\u00e3o e de planejamento territorial, em especial pelo direcionamento de pol\u00edticas p\u00fablicas, pela distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de equipamentos e servi\u00e7os, e pela maior ou menor facilidade de atua\u00e7\u00e3o no territ\u00f3rio a partir dos instrumentos juridicamente previstos. Mesmo com a recente redu\u00e7\u00e3o das desigualdades de renda e da taxa de pobreza no Brasil, no per\u00edodo entre 1994 e 2015 (resultado de pol\u00edticas p\u00fablicas redistributivas empreendidas por governos progressistas), o pa\u00eds segue nas primeiras coloca\u00e7\u00f5es do ranking internacional de desigualdade de renda. Trata- 12 se de uma quest\u00e3o hist\u00f3rica e estrutural, que explicita a urg\u00eancia de um avan\u00e7o cont\u00ednuo e consistente de pol\u00edticas redistributivas que busquem uma melhor distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de infraestruturas, de servi\u00e7os p\u00fablicos e suas externalidades que oportunizem uma melhor acessibilidade e a gera\u00e7\u00e3o de emprego e renda, resultando em uma melhoria nas condi\u00e7\u00f5es de vida da popula\u00e7\u00e3o.
Palavras-chave:<\/strong> desigualdades; urbano-rural; planejamento territorial; pol\u00edticas redistributivas.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udd3b ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/summary>\n

Inequality is one of the main issues of Brazilian reality. Its origin comes from the understanding that income inequality is structural and correlated with socio-spatial inequalities, due to its centrality in the dynamics of capitalism and market society, whose central element is private property. Extending the debate to place\u2019s effects, it is considered that spatial segregation is a consequence of social boundaries that condition opportunities for access to different types of capital (cultural, economic, social, and symbolic), reinforcing existing hierarchies and social inequalities. The discussion focuses on the relationship between urban and rural spaces, understanding space from its multiplicity and heterogeneity, and discussing international and national criteria for urban-rural typological classification. From an urban perspective, demographic growth is follow by a process of peripheralization and incomplete urbanization, resulting in conflicts in the urban-rural relationship and in the configuration of a space for poverty both in segregated urban areas and in municipal peripheries or even in rural spaces. On the other hand, the rural is approached from the new rurality, understanding the need for a continuum of transition between urban and rural spaces. The empirical approach studies the Brazilian case, delving into an analysis of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, to investigate the dynamics of inequalities between urban and rural spaces based on income and socio-spatial indicators, the distribution of equipment and infrastructure, and its relation to public policies. The thesis argues that the great inequality between urban and rural is a consequence of politicaladministrative regulation, which affects the effects of place and conditions management and territorial planning activities. In short, the structuring of the thesis incorporates the following results: a) the great inequality between urban and rural areas results in a dynamic of population depletion and an increase in poverty in rural areas; b) the national political-administrative regulation reaffirms the urban-rural dichotomy, either through the legal-normative approach, or administratively through public policies; c) the state structure conditions management and territorial planning activities, especially by directing public policies, by distributing equipment and services, and by the greater or lesser ease of acting in the territory from the legally established instruments. Even with the recent reduction of income inequalities and the poverty rate in Brazil, considering the period between 1994 and 2015, because of redistributive public policies of progressive governments, the country remains in the first place in the international ranking of income inequality. This is a historical and structural issue, explaining the urgency of a continuous and expanded advance of redistributive policies that seek a better distribution of 14 infrastructures, public services and their externalities that provide better accessibility and the generation of employment and income, resulting in an improvement in living conditions for the population.
Keywords:<\/strong> inequalities; urban-rural; territorial planning; redistributive policies.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n

Texto Completo:<\/strong> Clique aqui<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

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T\u00edtulo:<\/strong> A UNIVERSALIZA\u00c7\u00c3O DO SANEAMENTO E A GEST\u00c3O URBANA EM PORTO ALEGRE<\/span>
Autora:<\/strong> MOEMA FELSKE LEUCK
Orientador: <\/strong>Prof. Dr. Carlos Andr\u00e9 Bulh\u00f5es Mendes
Linha de Pesquisa:<\/strong> Infraestrutura e Planejamento Urbano e Ambiental
Data da Defesa:<\/strong> 18\/07\/2022
Banca:
<\/strong>Examinadora Externa: Prof.\u00aa Dr.\u00aa B\u00e1rbara Maria Giaccom Ribeiro<\/span>
Examinador Externo: Prof. Dr. Guilherme Fernandes Marques<\/span>
Examinador Interno: Prof. Dr. Andr\u00e9 Luiz Lopes da Silveira<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

\ud83d\udd3b RESUMO<\/strong><\/summary>\n

A escolha do tema, universaliza\u00e7\u00e3o do saneamento e a gest\u00e3o urbana, se deve \u00e0 expectativa que, com o ingresso do setor privado na presta\u00e7\u00e3o dos servi\u00e7os de saneamento promovida pela Lei Federal 14.026\/2020 e o aporte de recursos financeiros, a simples expans\u00e3o dos sistemas de coleta e tratamento seja suficiente para cumprir as metas de universaliza\u00e7\u00e3o estabelecidas no Plano Nacional de Saneamento B\u00e1sico (PLANSAB) e, assim, despoluir os rios urbanos. Entende-se que essa suposi\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 ilus\u00f3ria porque o desempenho de um Sistema de Esgotamento Sanit\u00e1rio (SES) est\u00e1 condicionado \u00e0 gest\u00e3o, \u00e0s diretrizes e normas institucionais e ao modelo de urbaniza\u00e7\u00e3o. O problema central desta pesquisa \u00e9 investigar os motivos de n\u00e3o se observar melhora da qualidade das \u00e1guas dos rios urbanos nas cidades com bons indicadores de coleta e tratamento dos esgotos. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo de caso no SES Ponta da Cadeia (PC), em Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (RS) utilizando-se a abordagem qualiquantitativa. A coleta de dados se deu atrav\u00e9s de pesquisa documental, bibliogr\u00e1fica e de campo com foco na identifica\u00e7\u00e3o e an\u00e1lise dos indicadores nas \u00e1reas cr\u00edticas em infraestrutura. Os indicadores das unidades de an\u00e1lise, obtidos pelo recorte dos dados atrav\u00e9s de ferramentas de geoprocessamento, mostraram os efeitos negativos causados pela ocupa\u00e7\u00e3o das \u00e1reas pr\u00f3ximas aos arroios e canais de drenagem, \u00e1reas de preserva\u00e7\u00e3o e de risco. Deste modo, a hip\u00f3tese que um SES \u00e9 impactado pelo modelo de uso e ocupa\u00e7\u00e3o do solo urbano foi validada. Para propor metodologia para avaliar o desempenho do Sistema de Coleta e Condu\u00e7\u00e3o dos Esgotos Sanit\u00e1rios (SCCES) e o monitoramento das \u00e1guas urbanas, surge a necessidade de estruturar o processo de coleta com o uso de uma nova unidade de agrega\u00e7\u00e3o, o Meso Setor Sanit\u00e1rio (MSS) e da cria\u00e7\u00e3o de um \u00edndice de desempenho. A proposta do MSS demonstrou ter aplicabilidade para o monitoramento e a avalia\u00e7\u00e3o do SCCES na bacia e como suporte para o Gerenciamento Integrado das \u00c1guas Urbanas. Conclui-se que, os investimentos aplicados na universaliza\u00e7\u00e3o podem refletir na qualidade das \u00e1guas urbanas, desde que se conhe\u00e7am suas limita\u00e7\u00f5es e sejam adotadas metas de qualidade vinculadas \u00e0s metas de enquadramento estabelecidas nos Planos de Bacia Hidrogr\u00e1fica (PBH), nos contratos de concess\u00e3o, no licenciamento e na regula\u00e7\u00e3o. A pesquisa contribuiu para a estrutura\u00e7\u00e3o e a defini\u00e7\u00e3o da escala do processo de coleta e condu\u00e7\u00e3o dos esgotos, para atuar de forma coincidente com os \u00f3rg\u00e3os gestores de recursos h\u00eddricos, fornecendo uma base para a modelagem e simula\u00e7\u00e3o integrada das \u00e1guas urbanas, o que permitir\u00e1 avaliar a efic\u00e1cia da universaliza\u00e7\u00e3o e melhorar o sistema de gest\u00e3o das \u00e1guas.
Palavras-chave:<\/strong> Sistema de esgotamento sanit\u00e1rio. Meso setor sanit\u00e1rio. Indicadores. Enquadramento. Gerenciamento integrado das \u00e1guas urbanas.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udd3b ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/summary>\n

The choice of theme, universal sanitation and urban management, is due to the expectation that with the entry of the private sector in the provision of sanitation services promoted by Federal Law 14.026\/2020 and the contribution of financial resources, the simple expansion of the collection and treatment is sufficient to meet the universalization goals established in the National Basic Sanitation Plan (PLANSAB) and, thus, clean up urban rivers. It is understood that this assumption is illusory because the performance of a Sanitary Sewage System (SES) is conditioned to management, institutional guidelines and standards and the urbanization model. The central problem of this research is to investigate the reasons for not observing an improvement in the water quality of urban rivers in cities with good indicators of sewage collection and treatment. For this, a case study was carried out at SES Ponta da Cadeia (PC), in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (RS) using a qualitative-quantitative approach. Data collection took place through documentary, bibliographic and field research focusing on the identification and analysis of indicators in critical areas in infrastructure. The indicators of the units of analysis, obtained by clipping the data through geoprocessing tools, showed the negative effects caused by the occupation of areas close to streams and drainage channels, preservation and risk areas. Thus, the hypothesis that a SES is impacted by the urban land use and occupation model was validated. To propose a methodology to evaluate the performance of the Sanitary Sewage Collection and Conduction System (SCCES) and the monitoring of urban waters, the need arises to structure the collection process with the use of a new aggregation unit, the Meso Setor Sanit\u00e1rio (MSS) and to create a performance index. The MSS proposal proved to have applicability for the monitoring and evaluation of SCCES in the basin and as a support for the Integrated Management of Urban Waters. It is concluded that the investments applied in universalization can reflect on the quality of urban waters, provided that their limitations are known and quality goals are adopted linked to the framework goals established in the Hydrographic Basin Plans (PBH), in the concession contracts, in licensing and regulation. The research contributed to the structuring and definition of the scale of the sewage collection and conduction process to act in a coordinated way with the water resources management bodies, providing a basis for the integrated modeling and simulation of urban waters, which will allow the evaluation of the effectiveness of universalization and improve the water management system.
Keywords:<\/strong> Sanitary sewage system. Meso sanitary sector. Indicators. Framework. Integrated urban water management.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n

Texto Completo:<\/strong> Clique aqui<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

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T\u00edtulo:<\/strong> Planejando a ComplexCIDADE \u2013 Princ\u00edpios Norteadores para uma Qualifica\u00e7\u00e3o Sist\u00eamica do Planejamento Urbano<\/span>
Autora:<\/strong> NAT\u00c9RCIA MUNARI DOMINGOS
Orientadora: <\/strong>Prof.\u00aa Dr.\u00aa L\u00edvia Teresinha Salom\u00e3o Piccinini
Linha de Pesquisa:<\/strong> Planejamento e Espa\u00e7o Urbano e Regional
Data da Defesa:<\/strong> 22\/07\/2022
Banca:
<\/strong>Examinadora Externa: Prof.\u00aa Dr.\u00aa Cibele Vieira Figueira<\/span>
Examinadora Externa: Prof.\u00aa Dr.\u00aa Maria Soares de Almeida<\/span>
Examinadora Externa: Prof.\u00aa Dr.\u00aa Eliane Constantinou<\/span>
Examinador Interno: Prof. Dr. F\u00e1bio L\u00facio Lopes Zampieri<\/span>
Examinador Interno: Prof. Dr. J\u00falio Celso Borello Vargas<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

\ud83d\udd3b RESUMO<\/strong><\/summary>\n

Nas cidades latino-americanas e, em especial nas brasileiras, a fragmenta\u00e7\u00e3o espacial caminha lado a lado com a desigualdade social, mostrando que a coes\u00e3o do tecido urbano tem impacto sobre as dist\u00e2ncias, n\u00e3o apenas f\u00edsicas, entre os diferentes atores. Aspectos multidimensionais \u2014 pol\u00edticos, econ\u00f4micos, sociais, ambientais e ainda institucionais \u2014 s\u00e3o influentes sobre a condi\u00e7\u00e3o dispersa e fragmentada da cidade, e exigem um olhar sist\u00eamico na busca de solu\u00e7\u00f5es. A Teoria da Complexidade \u00e9 apresentada pela tese como base te\u00f3rica capaz de fomentar uma vis\u00e3o sist\u00eamica, resgatar a capacidade integrativa da cidade e conduzir o planejamento em dire\u00e7\u00e3o a uma compreens\u00e3o n\u00e3o linear e mais equitativa das quest\u00f5es urbanas. Quanto aos aspectos institucionais e procedimentais envolvidos, a situa\u00e7\u00e3o brasileira \u00e9 discutida, mostrando que a abordagem Estrat\u00e9gica (como abordagem procedimental) uniu-se ao j\u00e1 predominante Planejamento F\u00edsico-Territorial Regulat\u00f3rio Cl\u00e1ssico \u2014 cujo grande referencial est\u00e9tico \u00e9 o Urbanismo Modernista (como abordagem substantiva). Ambas as influ\u00eancias contribu\u00edram para a supremacia de planos abrangentes, aus\u00eancia de detalhamento de planos locais e operacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o, e ainda excesso de regulamentos sobre a esfera privada, que tem sido remediado com flexibiliza\u00e7\u00e3o pontual. A necessidade de uma base te\u00f3rica substantiva de planejamento, capaz de suprir a lacuna deixada pela ren\u00fancia ao Urbanismo Modernista \u2014 enquanto equaliza as rela\u00e7\u00f5es entre os elementos urbanos, protege quest\u00f5es essenciais e inviol\u00e1veis e assegura a coes\u00e3o socioespacial \u2014 \u00e9 colocada. As teorias referenciais \u2014 em especial, a Teoria da Complexidade das Cidades e o campo de Pol\u00edticas P\u00fablicas a ela associado \u2014 mostram que auto-organizac\u00e3o, comportamento dissipativo, criticalidade auto-organizada, fractalidade e leis de escala s\u00e3o propriedades, inerentes aos sistemas complexos e, portanto, \u00e0s cidades, relevantes para a compreens\u00e3o de seus fen\u00f4menos. Elas s\u00e3o traduzidas \u00e0s din\u00e2micas urbanas, permitindo identificar atributos, resultantes destas determina\u00e7\u00f5es, capazes de fomentar as intera\u00e7\u00f5es entre os elementos urbanos e assegurar maior coes\u00e3o: SistematiCIDADE, DistributiCIDADE e ConectiCIDADE. Quanto a abordagens e instrumentos de planejamento convergentes com esta vis\u00e3o complexa e integrada, duas possibilidades principais s\u00e3o citadas: a defini\u00e7\u00e3o de regras espaciais simples e universais (teoria substantiva) e ado\u00e7\u00e3o de abordagens participativas\/colaborativas (teoria procedimental). A pesquisa se det\u00e9m sobre a teoria substantiva, investigando a exist\u00eancia de mecanismos urban\u00edsticos capazes de promover a presen\u00e7a dos atributos. Com este objetivo, \u00e9 realizado estudo comparativo entre o empreendimento Merwede, em Utrecht, e a cidade de Porto Alegre, em especial quanto ao Bairro Menino Deus. A an\u00e1lise em Merwede permite verificar possibilidades de aplica\u00e7\u00e3o do conhecimento complexo no planejamento urbano, e compar\u00e1-lo \u00e0 realidade brasileira. Em Porto Alegre, constata-se a inexist\u00eancia de instrumentos convergentes com os atributos preconizados, e sua consequente tend\u00eancia de redu\u00e7\u00e3o na materialidade urbana. Por fim, com base no caminho te\u00f3rico explorat\u00f3rio e emp\u00edrico, \u00e9 proposto um conjunto de princ\u00edpios norteadores para abordagens de planejamento. Conclui-se, quanto ao contexto brasileiro, que o pensamento complexo \u2014 traduzido em princ\u00edpios balizadores e dispositivos \u2014, associado \u00e0 atua\u00e7\u00e3o do Estado como ente propulsor do planejamento, pode vir a fundamentar processos mais inclusivos, que subsidiem solu\u00e7\u00f5es frente \u00e0 fragmenta\u00e7\u00e3o espacial e \u00e0 intoler\u00e1vel disparidade social.
Palavras-chave:<\/strong> complexidade; coes\u00e3o socioespacial; fragmenta\u00e7\u00e3o; sistemas complexos.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udd3b ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/summary>\n

In Latin American cities, and especially Brazilian ones, spatial fragmentation goes hand in hand with social inequality, showing that the cohesion of the urban fabric has an impact on distances, not only physical, between different actors. Multidimensional aspects \u2014 political, economic, social, environmental, and institutional \u2014 are influential in the dispersed and fragmented condition of the city and require a systemic look in the search for solutions. Complexity Theory is presented by the thesis as a theoretical basis able to foster this systemic vision, to rescue the integrative capacity of the city, and to lead planning towards a non-linear and more equitable understanding of urban issues. The Brazilian situation is discussed in regards to the institutional and procedural aspects involved, showing that the already predominant Blueprint Planning \u2013 whose great aesthetic reference is Modernist Urbanism (as a substantive approach) is linked with the Strategic approach (as a procedural approach). Both influences contributed to the supremacy of comprehensive plans, lack of detailing of local plans and operationalization, and also too many regulations in the private sphere. The need is posed for a substantive theoretical basis for planning, capable of filling the gap left by the renunciation of Modernist Urbanism \u2013 while equalizing the relationships between urban elements, protecting essential and inviolable issues, and ensuring socio-spatial cohesion. The referential theories \u2013 especially Complexity Theories of Cities and the associated Public Policy field \u2013 show that self-organization, dissipative behavior, selforganized criticality, fractality and scale laws are the main properties, inherent to complex systems and therefore to cities, relevant to understanding their phenomena. They are reflected in daily dynamics, allowing the identification of attributes, resulting from these determinations, capable of fostering interactions among urban elements and ensuring greater cohesion: SystematiCity, DistributioniCity and ConnectiCity. Two main possibilities are cited for approaches and planning tools convergent with this complex and integrated vision: the definition of simple and universal spatial rules (substantive theory) and the adoption of participative\/collaborative approaches (procedural theory). The research focuses on the substantive theory, investigating the existence of urbanistic tools capable of promoting the presence of the attributes. Such means support the comparative study carried out between the Merwede development in Utrecht and the city of Porto Alegre, especially the neighborhood of Menino Deus. The analysis in Merwede allows us to verify possibilities of applying complex knowledge in urban planning, and to compare it to the Brazilian reality. In Porto Alegre, there is a disagreement in the means to promote the attributes advocated, and its consequent tendency to reduce urban materiality. Finally, based on the exploratory theoretical and empirical path, guiding principles for planning approaches are constructed. We conclude, that for the Brazilian context, complex thinking \u2013 translated into guiding principles and devices \u2013 associated with the role of the state as a driving force in planning, can justify more inclusive processes that provide solutions for the spatial fragmentation and intolerable social disparity that plague our cities.
Keywords:<\/strong> complexity, socio-spatial cohesion; fragmentation; complex systems.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n

Texto Completo:<\/strong> Clique aqui<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

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T\u00edtulo:<\/strong> UM MODELO HARMONY-SEEKING DE DESENHO URBANO<\/span>
Autora:<\/strong> ALICE RAUBER GON\u00c7ALVES
Orientador: <\/strong>Prof. Dr. Romulo Krafta
Linha de Pesquisa:<\/strong> Planejamento e Espa\u00e7o Urbano e Regional
Data da Defesa:<\/strong> 25\/11\/2022
Banca:
<\/strong>Examinador Externo: Prof. Dr. Luca D\u2019Acci<\/span>
Examinador Externo: Prof. Dr. Adalberto da Silva Retto Junior<\/span>
Examinadora Externa: Prof\u00aa Dr\u00aa Ana Paula Neto de Faria<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

\ud83d\udd3b RESUMO<\/strong><\/summary>\n

A presente tese faz uma explora\u00e7\u00e3o no \u00e2mbito do desenho urbano tomando como ponto de partida teorias de Christopher Alexander, em especial os conceitos desenvolvidos em The Nature of Order. O objetivo principal foi o de propor as bases te\u00f3rico-metodol\u00f3gicas para a formaliza\u00e7\u00e3o de um modelo de desenho urbano, denominado harmony-seeking em homenagem ao processo de busca pela harmonia, descrito por Alexander. Tal processo ocorreria, segundo o autor, mediante quinze propriedades que descrevem como centros, isto \u00e9, partes, se organizam para estruturar o todo e gerar inteireza (wholeness). Inteireza se refere ao car\u00e1ter estrutural global de uma dada configura\u00e7\u00e3o existente no espa\u00e7o e os centros s\u00e3o as entidades, isto \u00e9, as partes que a comp\u00f5em. Alexander destaca que a no\u00e7\u00e3o de inteireza \u00e9 pass\u00edvel de descri\u00e7\u00f5es matem\u00e1ticas, por\u00e9m admite que n\u00e3o h\u00e1 ainda um m\u00e9todo computacional para alcan\u00e7ar isso. A hip\u00f3tese considerada foi a de que uma abordagem apoiada em matem\u00e1tica de grafos, como a que vem sendo desenvolvida no campo de sistemas configuracionais urbanos, ofereceria um caminho para a operacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o da teoria dos centros em dire\u00e7\u00e3o a um modelo de desenho urbano. A primeira parte do trabalho, pautada pelo vi\u00e9s das teorias de complexidade em cidades, discutiu as teorias de Alexander em rela\u00e7\u00e3o a especificidades do desenho urbano, sugerindo que: a) a ideia de uma qualidade universal intr\u00ednseca \u00e0 forma, geralmente encontrada nos artefatos naturais, n\u00e3o se aplicaria \u00e0s cidades, tendo em vista que estas s\u00e3o constitu\u00eddas por agentes que operam com intencionalidade, diferentemente da auto-organiza\u00e7\u00e3o observada na natureza; b) nem todas as quinze propriedades seriam capazes de descrever a real natureza das cidades devido ao seu car\u00e1ter gen\u00e9rico e n\u00e3o-sist\u00eamico. A partir dessas constata\u00e7\u00f5es, a segunda parte do trabalho exp\u00f4s o modelo proposto, onde a busca pela harmonia \u00e9 reinterpretada como a busca por uma inten\u00e7\u00e3o de projeto, adotando a vis\u00e3o de que qualidade \u00e9 relativa a valores e muda conforme o contexto. O modelo aprofunda a quest\u00e3o da descri\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema espacial urbano com base em uma abordagem de grafos multicamadas. Os centros s\u00e3o representados como n\u00f3s do grafo e no lugar das quinze propriedades s\u00e3o utilizadas m\u00e9tricas de diferencia\u00e7\u00e3o espacial j\u00e1 dispon\u00edveis na literatura, como acessibilidade e centralidade. Assim, prop\u00f5e-se um processo iterativo entre desenho e an\u00e1lise, em que se pode verificar efeitos de hip\u00f3teses de projeto. Ao final do trabalho foram apresentados estudos explorat\u00f3rios realizados a partir de dados emp\u00edricos, que permitiram aprofundar quest\u00f5es de representa\u00e7\u00e3o e visualiza\u00e7\u00e3o. A pesquisa mostrou que a ideia de abordar a teoria de Alexander sob uma perspectiva de redes multicamadas apresenta potencial para aplica\u00e7\u00f5es em desenho urbano, principalmente por aumentar a capacidade de compreens\u00e3o do todo e do papel das partes, bem como por possibilitar a descri\u00e7\u00e3o de m\u00faltiplas dimens\u00f5es do desenho urbano.
Palavras-chave:<\/strong> Desenho Urbano, Christopher Alexander, Inteireza, Teoria dos Centros, Sistemas Configuracionais Urbanos, Grafos Multicamadas.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udd3b ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/summary>\n

This thesis explores the context of urban design, taking Christopher Alexander\u2019s theories as a starting point, especially the key concepts developed in The Nature of Order. The main objective was to put forward the theoretical-methodological bases for the formalization of an urban design model, called harmony-seeking to refer to the process of search for harmony described by Alexander. According to the author, harmony-seeking process occurs through fifteen properties that describe how centers organize themselves to structure the whole and generate wholeness. Wholeness refers to the global structural character of a given configuration existing in space and centers are the entities that compose it. Alexander emphasizes that the notion of wholeness is amenable to mathematical descriptions, although admits that there is still no mathematical language or computational method to achieve this. The main hypothesis explored is that an approach based on graph mathematics, such as the configurational urban systems approach, would offer a way to operationalize Alexander\u2019s ideas towards an urban design model. The first part of the research, guided by the bias of complexity theories of cities, discussed Alexander\u2019s theories in relation to specificities of urban design, suggesting that: a) the idea of a universal quality intrinsic to form, usually found in natural artifacts, it would not apply to cities, considering that they are constituted by agents that operate intentionally, differently from the self-organization processes observed in nature; b) not all the fifteen properties would be capable of describing the real nature of cities due to the generic and non-systemic character of most of them. From these findings, the second part of the work exposes the proposed model, where the search for harmony is reinterpreted as the search for a design intention, adopting the view that quality is relative to values and changes according to the context. The model deepens the question of the description of the urban system based on a multilayered graph approach. Centers are represented as nodes of the graph and instead of fifteen properties, spatial differentiation metrics already available in the literature are used, such as accessibility and centrality. An iterative process between design and analysis is proposed, so that the effects of design hypotheses can be verified. At the end of the work, exploratory studies conducted from empirical data are presented so that representation and visualization issues are discussed. The research showed that the idea of approaching Alexander\u2019s theory from a multilayered network approach has potential for supporting urban, since it strengthens the ability to understand the whole and the role of parts, as well as it enables description of multiple dimensions of urban design.
Keywords:<\/strong> Urban Design, Christopher Alexander, Wholeness, Center Theory, Configurational Urban Systems, Multilayer Networks.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n

Texto Completo:<\/strong> Clique aqui<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

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TESES ANO BASE 2022 T\u00edtulo: O LEGADO DE EQUIPAMENTOS OL\u00cdMPICOS: UMA AN\u00c1LISE DOS USOS NO PER\u00cdODO P\u00d3S-JOGOS NO RIO DE JANEIROAutora: GABRIELA COSTA DA SILVAOrientador: Prof. Dr. Ant\u00f4nio Tarc\u00edsio da Luz ReisData da Defesa: 09\/12\/2022Banca:Prof.\u00aa Dr.\u00aa Geisa Tamara BugsProf.\u00aa Dr.\u00aa Gisele Silva PereiraProf.\u00aa Dr.\u00aa Maria Cristina Dias Lay Texto Completo: […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":183,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_editorskit_title_hidden":false,"_editorskit_reading_time":0,"_editorskit_is_block_options_detached":false,"_editorskit_block_options_position":"{}","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4949","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/propur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4949","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/propur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/propur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/propur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/propur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4949"}],"version-history":[{"count":33,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/propur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4949\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9801,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/propur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4949\/revisions\/9801"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/propur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/183"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ufrgs.br\/propur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4949"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}