TG: disco óptico para computador(por)
UP (variação de): disco compacto a laser(por)
UP (é traduzido por): CD (disco compacto)(spa)
UP (é traduzido por): CD (compact disc)(eng)
UP (variação de): disco compacto a laser(por)
UP (é traduzido por): CD (disco compacto)(spa)
UP (é traduzido por): CD (compact disc)(eng)
Definição do conceito
[POR] CD | Um disco compacto, disco compacto a laser, disco a laser, compacto laser ou simplesmente disco laser (popularmente conhecido por CD, sigla para a designação inglesa, Compact Disc) é um disco ótico digital de armazenamento de dados. O formato foi originalmente desenvolvido com o propósito de armazenar e tocar apenas músicas, mas posteriormente foi adaptado para o armazenamento de dados, o CD-ROM. | Diversos outros formatos foram depois derivados deste, incluindo o CD de áudio e dados (CD-R), mídias regraváveis (CD-RW), o Video Compact Disc (VCD), o Super Video Compact Disc (SVCD), o Photo CD, Picture CD, CD-i, Enhanced Music CD, dentre outros. | FUNCIONAMENTO : Um CD é um disco de acrílico, sobre o qual é impressa uma longa espiral (22,188 voltas, totalizando 5,6 km de extensão). As informações são gravadas em furos nessa espiral, o que cria dois tipos de irregularidades físicas: pontos brilhantes e pontos escuros. Estes pontos são chamados de bits, e compõem as informações carregadas pelo CD. | A leitura dessas informações é feita por dispositivos especiais, que podem ser leitores de CD ou leitores de DVD. A superfície da espiral é varrida por um laser, que utiliza luz no comprimento infravermelho. Essa luz é refletida pela superfície do disco e captada por um detector. Esse detector envia ao controlador do aparelho a sequência de pontos claros e escuros, que são convertidos em "uns ou zeros", os bits (dados binários). Para proteger a superfície do CD de sujeira, é colocada sobre ela uma camada de policarbonato. | FONTE : COMPACT DISC. in: Wikipédia. Disponível em : https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_disc Acessado em : 07 ago. 2022.
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[SPA] CD | El disco compacto (conocido popularmente como CD por las siglas en inglés de Compact Disc) es un disco óptico utilizado para almacenar datos en formato digital, consistentes en cualquier tipo de información (audio, imágenes, vídeo, documentos y otros datos). | Tienen un diámetro de 12 centímetros, un espesor de 1,2 milímetros y pueden almacenar hasta 80 minutos de audio o 700 MB de datos. Los Mini-CD tienen 8 cm y son usados para la distribución de sencillos y de controladores guardando hasta 24 minutos de audio o 210 MB de datos. | Esta tecnología fue inicialmente utilizada para el CD audio, y más tarde fue expandida y adaptada para el almacenamiento de datos (CD-ROM), de video (VCD y SVCD), la grabación doméstica (CD-R y CD-RW) y el almacenamiento de datos mixtos (CD-i, Photo CD y CD EXTRA). | El disco compacto goza de popularidad en el mundo actual, especialmente en Asia, donde su éxito persiste.1?En el año 2007 se habían vendido 200 000 millones de CD en el mundo desde su creación. Aun así, los discos compactos se complementan con otros tipos de distribución digital y almacenamiento, como las memorias USB, las tarjetas SD, los discos duros, el almacenamiento en la nube y las unidades de estado sólido. Desde su pico en el año 2000, las ventas de CD han disminuido alrededor de un 50% | DETALLES FÍSICOS : A pesar de que puede haber variaciones en la composición de los materiales empleados en la fabricación de los discos, todos siguen un mismo patrón: los discos compactos se hacen de un disco grueso, de 1,2 mm, de policarbonato de plástico, al que se le añade una capa reflectante de aluminio, utilizada para obtener más longevidad de los datos. Así se reflejará la luz del láser (en el rango de espectro infrarrojo, y por tanto no apreciable visualmente); posteriormente se le añade una capa protectora de laca, que actúa como protector del aluminio y, opcionalmente, una etiqueta en la parte superior. Los métodos comunes de impresión en los CD son la serigrafía y la impresión ófset. En el caso de los CD-R y CD-RW se usa oro, plata, y aleaciones de las mismas, que por su ductilidad permite a los láseres grabar sobre ella, cosa que no se podría hacer sobre el aluminio con láseres de baja potencia. | CARACTERÍSTICAS : Velocidad de la exploración: 1,2–1,4 m/s, equivale aproximadamente a entre 500 rpm (revoluciones por minuto) y 200 rpm, en modo de lectura CLV (Constant Linear Velocity: ´Velocidad Lineal Constante´). | Distancia entre pistas: 1,6 µm. | Diámetro del disco: 120 u 80 mm. | Grosor del disco: 1,2 mm. | Radio del área interna del disco: 25 mm. | Radio del área externa del disco: 60 mm. | Diámetro del orificio central: 15 mm. | TIPOS de disco compacto: Solo lectura: CD-ROM (Compact Disc - Read Only Memory). | Grabable: CD-R (Compact Disc - Recordable). | Regrabable: CD-RW (Compact Disc - Re-Writable). | De audio: CD-DA (Compact Disc - Digital Audio). | FUENTE : Disco compacto DISCO COMPACTO. in: Wikipedia. Disponible en: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disco_compacto Acesso en: 09. ago. 2022.
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[SPA] disco compacto | Soporte de grabación que se presentó comercialmente en 1983. Consiste en un disco de 12 cm (4,72 pulgadas), principalmente de plástico cubierto con un metal brillante, comúnmente aluminio en los discos comerciales, y una capa protectora de esmalte. En la actualidad se usa principalmente para grabaciones de audio y CD-ROM. Normalmente está grabado sólo por una cara. (Glosario RTAV (borrador 19 julio 1994) | FUENTE : IASA. Reglas de catalogación de IASA. MAdrid : ANABAD, 2005. (Apéndice D. GLOSARIO) p. 237
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[ENG] CD | The compact disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format that was co-developed by Philips and Sony to store and play digital audio recordings. In August 1982, the first compact disc was manufactured. It was then released in October 1982 and branded as Digital Audio Compact Disc. | The format was later adapted for storage of data (CD-ROM). Several other formats were further derived from these, including write-once audio and data storage (CD-R), rewritable media (CD-RW), Video CD (VCD), Super Video CD (SVCD), Photo CD, Picture CD, Compact Disc-Interactive (CD-i) and Enhanced Music CD. | Standard CDs have a diameter of 120 millimetres (4.7 in) and are designed to hold up to 74 minutes of uncompressed stereo digital audio or about 650 MiB of data. Capacity is routinely extended to 80 minutes and 700 MiB by arranging data more closely on the same sized disc. The Mini CD has various diameters ranging from 60 to 80 millimetres (2.4 to 3.1 in); they are sometimes used for CD singles, storing up to 24 minutes of audio, or delivering device drivers. | At the time of the technology´s introduction in 1982, a CD could store much more data than a personal computer hard disk drive, which would typically hold 10 MiB. By 2010, hard drives commonly offered as much storage space as a thousand CDs, while their prices had plummeted to commodity level. In 2004, worldwide sales of audio CDs, CD-ROMs, and CD-Rs reached about 30 billion discs. By 2007, 200 billion CDs had been sold worldwide. | PHYSICAL DETAILS : A CD is made from 1.2-millimetre (0.047 in) thick, polycarbonate plastic and weighs 14–33 grams. From the center outward, components are: the center spindle hole (15 mm), the first-transition area (clamping ring), the clamping area (stacking ring), the second-transition area (mirror band), the program (data) area, and the rim. The inner program area occupies a radius from 25 to 58 mm. | A thin layer of aluminum or, more rarely, gold is applied to the surface, making it reflective. The metal is protected by a film of lacquer normally spin coated directly on the reflective layer. The label is printed on the lacquer layer, usually by screen printing or offset printing. | CD data is represented as tiny indentations known as pits, encoded in a spiral track moulded into the top of the polycarbonate layer. The areas between pits are known as lands. Each pit is approximately 100 nm deep by 500 nm wide, and varies from 850 nm to 3.5 µm in length.[4] The distance between the tracks (the pitch) is 1.6 µm. | When playing an audio CD, a motor within the CD player spins the disc to a scanning velocity of 1.2–1.4 m/s (constant linear velocity, CLV)—equivalent to approximately 500 RPM at the inside of the disc, and approximately 200 RPM at the outside edge. The track on the CD begins at the inside and spirals outward so a disc played from beginning to end slows its rotation rate during playback. | The program area is 86.05 cm2 and the length of the recordable spiral is 86.05 cm2 / 1.6 µm = 5.38 km. With a scanning speed of 1.2 m/s, the playing time is 74 minutes, or 650 MiB of data on a CD-ROM. A disc with data packed slightly more densely is tolerated by most players (though some old ones fail). Using a linear velocity of 1.2 m/s and a narrower track pitch of 1.5 µm increases the playing time to 80 minutes, and data capacity to 700 MiB. | ... | DISC SHAPES AND DIAMETERS : The digital data on a CD begins at the center of the disc and proceeds toward the edge, which allows adaptation to the different sizes available. Standard CDs are available in two sizes. By far, the most common is 120 millimetres (4.7 in) in diameter, with a 74- or 80-minute audio capacity and a 650 or 700 MiB (737,280,000-byte) data capacity. Discs are 1.2 millimetres (0.047 in) thick, with a 15 millimetres (0.59 in) center hole. The size of the hole was chosen by Joop Sinjou and based on a Dutch 10-cent coin: a dubbeltje.[14] Philips/Sony patented the physical dimensions.[15] Philips decided to have a 110 Hz mechanical resonant frequency on the discs whilst Sony chose 90 Hz. The discrepancy caused later issues on the CD Walkman. | The official Philips history says the capacity was specified by Sony executive Norio Ohga to be able to contain the entirety of Beethoven´s Ninth Symphony on one disc. | Kees Schouhamer Immink received a personal technical Emmy award for his contributions to the coding technologies of the Compact Disc, DVD, and Blu-ray disc. | This is a myth according to Kees Immink, as the EFM code format had not yet been decided in December 1979, when the 120 mm size was adopted. The adoption of EFM in June 1980 allowed 30 percent more playing time that would have resulted in 97 minutes for 120 mm diameter or 74 minutes for a disc as small as 100 millimetres (3.9 in). Instead, however, the information density was lowered by 30 percent to keep the playing time at 74 minutes. The 120 mm diameter has been adopted by subsequent formats, including Super Audio CD, DVD, HD DVD, and Blu-ray Disc. The 80-millimetre (3.1 in) diameter discs ("Mini CDs") can hold up to 24 minutes of music or 210 MiB. | Audio CD : The logical format of an audio CD (officially Compact Disc Digital Audio or CD-DA) is described in a document produced in 1980 by the format´s joint creators, Sony and Philips.[20] The document is known colloquially as the Red Book CD-DA after the color of its cover. The format is a two-channel 16-bit PCM encoding at a 44.1 kHz sampling rate per channel. Four-channel sound was to be an allowable option within the Red Book format, but has never been implemented. Monaural audio has no existing standard on a Red Book CD; thus, the mono source material is usually presented as two identical channels in a standard Red Book stereo track (i.e., mirrored mono); an MP3 CD, however, can have audio file formats with mono sound. | SOURCE : COMPACT DISC. in: Wikipedia. Available at : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_disc Accessed : 07 aug. 2022.
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[ENG] CD | Compact disc (CD) : A recording medium, introduced commercially in 1983, consisting of a 12 cm/4.72-inch disc, made principally of plastic coated with a reflective metal, commonly aluminium in commercial discs, and a protective layer of lacquer. Presently used primarily for audio and CD-ROM recordings. Normally recorded and played on one side only at this time, the medium can yield up to 78 minutes of audio signal. (RTAV Draft Glossary, 19 July 1994) | SOURCE : IASA. The IASA Cataloguing Rules (IASA 1999) (Appendix D. Glossary) Available at : https://www.iasa-web.org/cataloguing-rules/appendix-d-glossary Accessed : 07 aug. 2022.
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[ENG] compact disc (CD, CD-ROM, CD-I, VCD, CD-V) A 120mm (4.7 inch) digital optical disk, commonly used for sound recordings and computer data, that stores approximately 600 MB of data in a spiral track. | DF - Distinguish from : A phonograph record; BT - Broader term : optical disk; NT - Narrower term : Photo CD; RT - Related term: High Sierra | Notes: The original CD format was introduced in 1983 by Sony and Philips as a medium for recorded sound. Variations of the format are now used to store other types of data. Other formats include CD-ROM (CD Read Only Memory) for computer data, CD-I (CD Interactive) that allowed interactive multimedia to be played on a television, VCD (Video CD) for video recorded in MPEG-1, CD-V (CD Video) for uncompressed video, and Photo CD. The original CD format was read-only. Later versions allowed write-once and read-write capabilities.Writable versions include CD-R, CD+R, and CD-RW. Although the spelling ‘disk’ is common in the United States, the format is spelled ‘disc.’ | SOURCE : PEARCE-MOSES, Richard A Glossary of Archival and Records Terminology Chicago: The Society of American Archivists, 2005. p. 80
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Nota de exemplo
formas de representação
[POR] disco compacto (CD) | [forma de representação] 500 ## $a disco compacto (CD). | FONTE : RIBEIRO, Antonia. AACR2 em MARC21. Brasília: Edição do Autor, 2006. p. 1-30
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