TG: videocassete(por)
TE: U-matic SP(por)
TE: U-matic S(por)
TE: U-matic S SP(por)
TE: U-matic H(por)
UP (variação de): ¾" U-matic(eng)
UP (variação de): U-matic Lo-Band(eng)
TE: U-matic SP(por)
TE: U-matic S(por)
TE: U-matic S SP(por)
TE: U-matic H(por)
UP (variação de): ¾" U-matic(eng)
UP (variação de): U-matic Lo-Band(eng)
Definição do conceito
[POR] U-matic | U-matic é um formato de fita de vídeo analógico de gravação, exibido pela primeira vez pela Sony como um protótipo em outubro de 1969, e foi comercializado somente em setembro de 1971.O formato que desta fita era o chamado "cassete", com o filme de ¾ de polegada , utilizando a gravação helicoidal. A U-matic surgiu para tornar mais prático as filmagens, principalmente feitas para a televisão e em areas externas, ou em reportagens, já que estas utilizavam câmeras com filmes de 16 mm, que após a gravação deveriam ser revelados e montados. Ela trazia consigo um desenvolvimento moderno para a época de edição eletrônica. Outro benefício era a existência um mecanismo de bloqueio integrante em cada fita cassete, assegurando que os rolos de fita, durante o transporte, se mantivessem enrolados firmemente. A gravação acidental era impedida pela presença de um botão de plástico vermelho montado num orifício na superfície inferior da fita. | FONTE : U-matic. in: Wikipedia. Disponível em : https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-matic Acesso : 18 nov. 2022
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[SPA] U-matic | U-matic : El U-matic fue el primer formato de videocasete que se puso a la venta. | El U-matic ha dado lugar a dos derivados: BVU (Difusión de Video Umatic) introducido en 1978 y el BVU Sp introducido en 1988. Estos derivados se diseñaron para mejorar la calidad de la imagen inicial. | HISTORIA : El U-matic fue creado en 1969. La cinta es de 3/4 de pulgada de ancho. Fue la única cinta de este ancho en video analógico. | El U-matic permitió, por primera vez, la grabación de reportajes de forma totalmente independiente al aire libre mediante una cámara de hombro conectada a un magnetoscopio portable. Aunque no era un equipo muy ligero, ofrecía una cierta libertad de movimiento. Las cintas U-matic eran grandes y de una duración de 22 minutos. Otras cintas U-matic, de hasta 75 minutos, permitían la edición en el estudio. | Fue durante varios años el formato de la televisión de información por excelencia antes de ser destronado por Betacam en 1983. Para muchas instituciones y empresas que lo utilizan, U-matic es un importante patrimonio audiovisual. Por desgracia, parece que le es difícil resistir los daños del tiempo, a diferencia del más robusto, pero más tardío, Betacam. | El U-matic modula una señal de video analógica —«video compuesto» PAL (Phase Alternating Line), SECAM (secuencial a memoria) o NTSC (National Television System Committee)—; es decir, que la información de la imagen está mezclada. La resolución horizontal no era superior a los 260 puntos/línea. Se mejoró con el BVU y el BVU Sp. | FUENTE : U-matic. in: WIkipedia. Disponible en : https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-matic Acceso en : 18 nov. 2022
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[ENG] U-matic | U-matic : The Sony trade name for a semi-professional, ¾-inch composite videotape format in a cassette; also refers to the recording of PCM-coded digital audio signals, used in some areas in the mastering of CDs. RTAV Draft Glossary, 19 July 1994. | SOURCE : U-matic. in: IASA Cataloguing Rules (Appendix D. Glossary) . Available at : https://www.iasa-web.org/cataloguing-rules/appendix-d-glossary Accessed : 18 nov. 2022
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[ENG] U-matic | U-matic is an analogue recording videocassette format first shown by Sony in prototype in October 1969, and introduced to the market in September 1971. It was among the first video formats to contain the videotape inside a cassette, as opposed to the various reel-to-reel or open-reel formats of the time. The videotape is 3?4 in (19 mm) wide, so the format is often known as "three-quarter-inch" or simply "three-quarter", compared to open reel videotape formats in use, such as 1 in (25 mm) type C videotape and 2 in (51 mm) quadruplex videotape. | Unlike most other cassette-based tape formats, the supply and take-up reels in the cassette turn in opposite directions during playback, fast-forward, and rewind: one reel would run clockwise while the other would run counter-clockwise. A locking mechanism integral to each cassette case secures the tape hubs during transportation to keep the tape wound tightly on the hubs. Once the cassette is taken off the case, the hubs are free to spin. A spring-loaded tape cover door protects the tape from damage; when the cassette is inserted into the VCR, the door is released and is opened, enabling the VCR mechanism to spool the tape around the spinning video drum. Accidental recording is prevented by the absence of a red plastic button fitted to a hole on the bottom surface of the tape; removal of the button disabled recording. | .../... | MODELS | U-matic is also available in a smaller cassette size, officially known as U-Matic S. Much like VHS-C, U-Matic S was developed as a more portable version of U-Matic, to be used in smaller-sized S-format recorders such as the aforementioned Sony VO-3800, as well as the later VO-4800, VO-6800, VO-8800, BVU-50, BVU-100 and BVU-150 models from Sony, among others from Sony, Panasonic, JVC and other manufacturers. To minimise weight and bulk in the field, portable recorders had an external AC power supply, or could be operated from rechargeable nickel-cadmium batteries. S-format tapes could be played back in older top-loading standard U-Matic decks with the aid of an adapter (the KCA-1 from Sony) which fitted around an S-sized tape; newer front-loading machines can accept S-format tapes directly, as the tapes have a slot on the underside that rides along a tab. | The standard cassette employed only one flange for each reel - top flange on the pickup reel and bottom flange on the supply reel. This allowed the reels to overlap like in Compact Cassette, making the design more space-efficient. JVC explored similar approach for an early version of VHS cassette, but abandoned it in favor of full-flanged cassette, because such an arrangement created unnecessary friction between the edge of the tape and the inner surface of the cassette.[8] In the U-Matic cassette friction was reduced by the reels, having overlapping flanges, rotating in the opposite direction. Nevertheless, the U-Matic S cassette acquired traditional double-flange reels, which reduced the amount of tape that could be loaded, and as such, the duration of recording. U-Matic S tapes had a maximum recording time of 20 minutes, and large ones 1-hour, although some tape manufacturers such as 3M came out with 30-minute S-tapes and 75-minute large cassettes (and DuPont even managed 90-minute tapes)[9] by using a thinner tape. It was the U-Matic S-format decks that ushered in the beginning of ENG, or electronic news gathering. | DIGITAL AUDIO : U-matic was also used for the storage of digital audio data. Most digital audio recordings from the 1980s were recorded on U-matic tape via a Sony PCM-1600, -1610, or -1630 PCM adaptor. These devices accepted stereo analogue audio, digitised it, and generated "pseudo video" from the bits, storing 96 bits—three stereo pairs of 16-bit samples—as bright and dark regions along each scan line. (On a monitor the "video" looked like vibrating checkerboard patterns.) This could be recorded on a U-matic recorder. This was the first system used for mastering audio compact discs in the early 1980s. The famous compact disc 44.1 kHz sampling rate was based on a best-fit calculation for PAL and monochrome NTSC video´s horizontal line period and rate and U-matic´s luminance bandwidth. On playback, the PCM adapter converted the light and dark regions back into bits. Glass masters for audio CDs were made via laser from the PCM-1600´s digital output to a photoresist- or dye-polymer-coated disc. This method was common until the mid-1990s. | SOURCE : U-matic. in: Wikipedia. Available at : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-matic Accessed : 18 nov. 2022
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[ENG] U-matic | U-matic : Video tape system developed by Sony using 3/4 inch tape in cassettes. | SOURCE : FIAF Glossary of Technical Terms Available at : https://www.fiafnet.org/pages/E-Resources/Technical-Terms.html# Accessed : 18 nov. 2022
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[ENG] U-matic | U-matic / U-matic SP | Synonyms: ¾" U-matic; ¾" SP (U-matic SP) | Dates: U-matic: 1971 – c. 2000; U-matic SP: 1986 – c. 2000 | Common Size(s): Tape width: ¾"; Cassette, small: 7¼" × 4?" × 1?" / cassette, large: 8?" × 5?" × 1?" | Description:U-matic is a magnetic tape-based analog video cassette format. The tape is composed of magnetic particles, a binder, and a polyester base. Full-size cassettes are 8?" × 5?" × 1?" and can record up to 60 minutes of content; small cassettes are 7¼" × 4?" × 1?" and can hold up to 20 minutes of content. U-matic SP cassettes are brown and maroon, and they generally have "SP" printed on the side. | Composition : Polyester magnetic tape enclosed in a plastic cassette | SOURCE : The Preservation Self-Assessment Program (PSAP) - University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Available at : https://psap.library.illinois.edu/collection-id-guide/videotape#umatic Accessed : 23 nov. 2022
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[ENG] U-matic | U-matic (1971 – 1990s) | U-matic was an analogue video cassette format introduced by Sony in 1971 (it reached the UK in 1973), using ¾-inch tape and a helical video head drum. It was the very first video cassette format, and all video tape formats prior to this had been open reel. | It was originally intended for domestic use, hence the first model that could record had a built-in TV tuner and wood on the sides of the cabinet (although it had no built-in timer, a separate timer was available in 1972). However, perhaps because the high price, it instead became the standard for industrial, educational and demonstration purposes, continuing to be used for for more than 25 years. It was also widely used in television production, particularly for on-location news gathering. | To prevent accidental recording, a small red button can be removed from the cassette. | A high-band version was launched in the 1980s (called BVU or Broadcast Video U-Matic) followed by U-matic SP (Superior Performance) before largely being replaced by Sony’s Betacam SP in the 1990s. | Two sizes of cassette were available, the smaller one (U-matic S) capable of up to 20 mins of video and suited to field recording. | As well as analogue video, U-matic was widely to store PCM digital audio in the 1980s and 1990s, and many Compact Discs were mastered from U-matic tapes. | Dimensions: 21.9 cm × 13.7 cm × 3 cm | SOURCE : MUSEUM OF OBSOLETE MEDIA. Data Base. Available at : https://obsoletemedia.org/u-matic/ Accessed : 24 nov. 2022
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[ENG] U-matic Lo-Band | There are three U-matic variants: Low, High - Band and SP. | The original U-matic format is known as Lo-Band. The Hi-band system uses increased frequency carriers for improved picture quality and was the very first cassette based broadcast video format. SP, which stands for Superior Performance, is a further enhanced variation on the format which uses chrome tape for better video response and lower noise. This range is exemplified by units such as the BVU-950 | Today, with the exception of a few African broadcasters, the SP variant is all but dead. The Low and Hi Band versions live on though. Hi Band is still used in studios as a companion to Betacam and Lo Band is firmly established amongst advertisement agencies and corporate establishments as the industry standard presentation format because of its reliability when compared to domestic alternatives. | Low and Hi-band formats are not interchangeable. Whilst they use the same size tapes a Hi-band recording will play back in black & white on a Lo-band machine. The situation is further complicated by numerous modifications on the market which allow Lo-Band VTRs to work with Hi-Band tapes and visa-versa. | SOURCE : The U-matic Format in: U-matic PALsite Available atr : https://umatic.palsite.com/format.html Accessed : 25 nov. 2022
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