TG: matriz (disco sonoro analog.)(por)
UP (abreviatura de): masterização direta em metal (disco sonoro)(por)
UP (é traduzido por): direct metal mastering (sound disc)(eng)
UP (é traduzido por): masterización directa en metal (disco fonográfico)(spa)
TR (processo/parte de): disco sonoro(por)
UP (abreviatura de): masterização direta em metal (disco sonoro)(por)
UP (é traduzido por): direct metal mastering (sound disc)(eng)
UP (é traduzido por): masterización directa en metal (disco fonográfico)(spa)
TR (processo/parte de): disco sonoro(por)
Definição do conceito
[POR] masterização direta em metal - DMM (cópia positiva): O processo de transferência direta do master para um disco metálico através de "direct metal mastering" (masterização direta em metal) ou DMM permite a realização de uma copia positiva (disco mãe) gravada diretamente em metal sem ter que passar pela etapa de cortar uma matriz em acetato a partir da qual se confectiona uma copia positiva (disco mãe) em disco de metal. (JAM)
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[POR] Existe ainda uma técnica denominada "direct metal mastering" (masterização directa em metal) ou DMM na qual a música é transferida directamente para um disco metálico relativamente pouco duro, em geral de cobre. Por este processo, apenas é necessário seguir o processo galvânico para obter os estampadores, diminuindo os custos de produção. Também existem discos em que o processo de corte é efectuado a uma velocidade mais baixa que a de reprodução, normalmente metade ou um quarto, sendo o disco resultante de qualidade notavelmente melhor em toda a banda de frequências audível pelo ouvido humano. Este mesmo processo permitiu também gravar vídeo em discos de vinil, ou áudio multicanal, como foi o caso dos formatos cd4, SQ, QS (ou outros sistemas de 4 canais). | FONTE: https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disco_de_vinil
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[SPA] La masterización directa en metal (DMM por las siglas en inglés de "direct metal mastering") es una técnica de masterización de discos de audio analógica desarrollada conjuntamente por dos empresas alemanas, Telefunken-Decca (Teldec) y Georg Neumann GmbH, hacia finales del siglo XX, después de haber conocido la tecnología utilizada por RCA en sus Laboratorios de Princeton para sus videodiscos SelectaVision a finales de la década de 1970. | Los discos fabricados con esta tecnología suelen estar marcados con un logotipo "DMM" en la funda exterior del disco. Muchas impresiones de alta calidad de producción actual, así como LPs de producción estándar de la década de 1990, solo indican su uso inscribiendo "DMM" en el área de la ranura de salida del disco. | Neumann fue responsable de la fabricación del equipo de corte DMM como parte de sus tornos de la serie VMS80. A diferencia de la masterización de disco convencional, donde la modulación de audio mecánica se graba en un disco de aluminio recubierto de laca, el DMM corta directamente el metal (cobre), utilizando un sistema portador de alta frecuencia y palpadores de diamante especiales, vibrando a más de 40 kHz (habitualmente a 60 kHz)? para facilitar el corte. | FUENTE: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masterizado_directo_en_metal
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[ENG] direct metal mastering (DMM); DMM (direct metal mastering): is an analog audio disc mastering technique jointly developed by two German companies, Telefunken-Decca (Teldec) and Georg Neumann GmbH, toward the end of the 20th century after having seen the same technology used by RCA Princeton Labs for its SelectaVision videodiscs in the late-1970s. | Records manufactured with this technology are often marked by a "DMM" logo on the outer record sleeve. Many current production high quality pressings, as well as standard production LPs from the 1990s, only indicate its use by inscribing "DMM" in the lead-out groove area of the disc. | Neumann was responsible for manufacturing the actual DMM cutting equipment as part of its VMS80 series lathes. Unlike conventional disc mastering, where the mechanical audio modulation is cut onto a lacquer-coated aluminum disc, DMM cuts straight into metal (copper), utilizing a high frequency carrier system and specialized diamond styli, vibrating at 60 kHz to facilitate the cutting. | Overview: The advantages of DMM (hard surface material) over acetate lacquer cutting (soft surface material) are both sonic and practical: because of the rigidity of the master disc medium, no groove wall bounce-back effects take place after the cutting has been completed. This preserves the original modulation details in the groove walls much better, especially those involved with sudden fast attacks (transients). The improved transient response, as well as the more linear phase response of DMM improve the overall stability and depth-of-field in the stereo image. In addition, disturbing adjacent groove print-through sounds (groove echoes) are reduced in DMM. Also, there is no need to rush the finalized master disc directly into a refrigerator for groove preservation, as in conventional lacquer disc cutting, before processing the master disc to produce matrices for the pressing of the records. Finally, only one electroplating generation is required to produce stampers, as opposed to three for conventional lacquer masters. | The cutting lathe for DMM engraves the audio signal directly onto a copper-plated master disc, instead of engraving the groove into a lacquer-coated aluminum disc. Examination of early DMM discs revealed what appeared to be a high frequency modulation in the groove, thought to be caused by the use of an ultrasonic carrier tone. In fact, there was no carrier tone and the modulation was simply caused by the vibration (squeal) of the cutter head as it was dragged through the copper disc. | The DMM copper master disc can be plated to produce the required number of stampers using the one-step plating process. Rather than having to electroform a master (or "father"), mother and then stampers (the traditional "three-step process"), the DMM copper disc serves as the ´mother". Bypassing the silvering process and two electroforming stages reduces the risk of introducing noise that can be generated in the electroforming (galvanic) process. In cases where hundreds of stampers may be required, the DMM disc is often used as a mandrel to electroform a master and mother, from which many stampers are then made. Chemical passivation of the metal surface of each part precludes "plating," so the parts can be mechanically separated from each other upon removal from the tank. | Since the sale of Neumann to German microphone manufacturer Sennheiser, Neumann no longer produces lathes or supplies parts. Since DMM was introduced at the very end of the vinyl age, only about 30 DMM lathes were ever made, compared to hundreds of lacquer lathes from various manufacturers, and about 10 of them were later converted to be used for conventional lacquer cutting. The lathes in use today are kept operational by independent service consultants, as well as cutting room personnel themselves, often by buying incomplete lathes and stripping them for parts. | The DMM specification also includes a profile for the pressing of 12-inch records. To the naked eye, this profile has no obvious contour on the face of the record giving the appearance of a totally flat-faced record. For the purpose of compression moulding, which is the process by which records are pressed, the face of the record does indeed have a contour and a cross-sectional view of a 12-inch record will reveal that it is wedge shaped from the centre to the edge. The lack of obvious contour in the groove area on the face of the record closely replicates the original disc surface and reduces playback errors. Pressing records with this profile was mandatory for a record to bear the "DMM" logo. DMM licensees that did not use this profile were unable to use the DMM logo on its products, but were of course free to use terms such as "Mastered on Copper" as did EMI Australia when not using the DMM-profiled moulds or when cutting a DMM master for another record manufacturer. The best example of a DMM pressing can usually be found on the Teldec (Germany) or EMI (UK) labels from the early 1980s. | SOURCE: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_metal_mastering
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