TG: magnético-óptico (disco sonoro digital)(por)
UP (é traduzido por): minidisc (MD)(eng)
TR (características do produto): disco sonoro(por)
UP (é traduzido por): minidisc (MD)(eng)
TR (características do produto): disco sonoro(por)
Definição do conceito
[POR] MiniDisc (MD) é um disco ó[p]tico de armazenamento de dados. É utilizado normalmente para armazenamento de áudio digital. A tecnologia foi anunciada pela Sony em 1991 e introduzida em 12 de Janeiro de 1992. O MiniDisc tinha como objetivo repassar o áudio de analógico, como é armazenado num cassete (tape) para o sistema digital de alta fidelidade. | MD Data, uma versão para armazenar dados de computador foi anunciada pela Sony em 1993, mas isso nunca obteve um grande significado, então, hoje os MDs são usados primariamente para armazenar áudio. | Embora o MiniDisc tenha tido sucesso, ele não surpreendeu muito nos EUA como a Sony esperava, porém, no Japão e na Europa era um sucesso absoluto, sendo muito popular. O algum do pouco sucesso nos EUA também era devido ao alto custo na produção de álbuns em MD, alguns álbuns foram realizados pela própria Sony, mas com o tempo houve uma descontinuidade do processo. O produto (MD) foi licenciado para outras companhias produzirem também, como: Aiwa, JVC, Sharp, Pioneer, Panasonic entre outras. | FONTE : MINIDISC. in: Wikipédia. Disponível em : https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/MiniDisc Acesso em : 04 ago. 2022.
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[SPA] minidisc : tipo de disco magneto-óptico, similar a um disquete, desarrollado por Sony para grabaciones y reproducción de señales de audio. Regrabable. | FUENTE : IASA. Reglas de catalogación de IASA. Madrid : ANABAD, 2005. (Apéndice D. GLOSARIO) p. 245
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[ENG] minidisc : Type of Magneto-optical-disc, similar to a diskette, developed by Sony for the recording and playback of data-reduced audio signals. Re-writable. | SOURCE : IASA. Cataloguing Rules.(Appendix D. Glossary) Available at : https://www.iasa-web.org/cataloguing-rules/appendix-d-glossary Accessed : 04 aug. 2022
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[ENG] MiniDisc (MD) is an erasable magneto-optical disc-based data storage format offering a capacity of 60, 74, and later, 80 minutes of digitized audio. | Sony announced the MiniDisc in September 1992 and released it in November of that year for sale in Japan and in December in Europe, North America, and other countries. The music format was based on ATRAC audio data compression, Sony´s own proprietary compression code. Its successor, Hi-MD, would later introduce the option of linear PCM digital recording to meet audio quality comparable to that of a compact disc. MiniDiscs were very popular in Japan and found moderate success in Europe; although it was designed to be the successor of the cassette tape, it did not manage to mass replace it globally. | By March 2011 Sony had sold 22 million MD players. Sony has ceased development of MD devices, with the last of the players sold by March 2013. | ... | PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS : The disc is permanently housed in a cartridge (68×72×5 mm) with a sliding door, similar to the casing of a 3.5" floppy disk. This shutter is opened automatically by a mechanism upon insertion into a drive. MiniDiscs can either be recordable (blank) or premastered. Recordable MiniDiscs use a magneto-optical system to write data: a laser below the disc heats a spot to its Curie point, making the material in the disc susceptible to a magnetic field. A magnetic head above the disc then alters the polarity of the heated area, recording the digital data onto the disk. Playback is accomplished with the laser alone: taking advantage of the magneto-optic Kerr effect, the player senses the polarization of the reflected light and thus interprets a 1 or a 0. Recordable MDs can be rerecorded repeatedly, with Sony claiming up to one million times. By May 2005, there were 60-minute, 74-minute and 80-minute discs available. 60-minute blanks, which were widely available in the early years of the format´s introduction, were phased out and are now rarely seen. | MiniDiscs use a mastering process and optical playback system that is very similar to CDs. The recorded signal of the premastered pits and of the recordable MD are also very similar. Eight-to-Fourteen Modulation (EFM) and a modification of CD´s CIRC code, called Advanced Cross Interleaved Reed-Solomon Code (ACIRC) are employed. | AUDIO DATA COMPRESSION :The digitally encoded audio signal on a MiniDisc has traditionally been data-compressed using the ATRAC format (Adaptive TRansform Acoustic Coding). | ATRAC was devised to allow MiniDisc to support the same runtime as a CD. ATRAC reduces the 1.4 Mbit/s of a CD to a 292 kbit/s data stream,[15] roughly a 5:1 reduction. ATRAC was also used on nearly all flash memory Walkman devices until the 8 series. | The ATRAC codec differs from uncompressed PCM in that it is a psychoacoustic lossy audio data reduction scheme. Like other lossy audio compression formats, it is intended to be acoustically transparent, but some listeners claim to be able to hear audible artifacts. | There have been four versions of the ATRAC codec, each claimed by Sony to more accurately reflect the original audio. Early version players are guaranteed to play later version ATRAC audio. Version 1 could only be copied on consumer equipment three or four times before artifacts became objectionable, as the ATRAC on the recording machine attempts to data reduce the already reduced signal. By version 4, the potential number of generations of copy had increased to around 15 to 20 depending on audio content. | The latest versions of Sony´s ATRAC are ATRAC3 and ATRAC3plus. Original ATRAC3 at 132 kbit/s (also known as ATRAC-LP2 mode) is the format that used to be used by Sony´s now-defunct Connect audio download store. ATRAC3plus was not used in order to retain backwards compatibility with earlier NetMD players. | In the MiniDisc´s final iteration, Hi-MD, uncompressed CD-quality linear PCM audio recording and playback is offered, placing Hi-MD on a par with CD-quality audio. Hi-MD also supports both ATRAC3 and ATRAC3plus at various bitrates, but not the original ATRAC. | SOURCE: MiniDisc in: Wikipedia. Available at : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MiniDisc Accessed : 04 aug. 2022
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Nota de exemplo
formas de representação
[ENG] MiniDisc | MARC21 || 245 00 |a Martha Forsyth collection of Bulgarian recordings |h [sound recording]. || 300 __ |a 13 sound discs (MiniDisc) : |b digital. || SOURCE : LC. Catalog. Avaiulable at : https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/staffView?searchId=24637&recPointer=1&recCount=25&bibId=17691128 Accessed : 04 aug. 2022.
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