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%C : cross-linking agent (g/100mL) / %T
%T : total gel concentration
1-D : one dimensional
1-HP : 1-hydroxypyrene
1-MT : 1-methyl-DL-tryptophan
1-7 CHI : 1-(7-carboxyheptyl) imidazole
2,4-D : dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
2,4,5-T : 2,4,5-trichlorphenoxy-acetic acid
2-AM : 2-acetoxymethylester
2-AP : 2-amino purine
2-D : two-dimensional
2-DDGE : 2-D DNA gel electrophoresis
2-DE : 1) 2-D electrophoresis ; 2) 2-D echocardiography
2-EHMC : 2-ethylhexyl p-methoxycinnamate
2-HIS : 2-hydroxyflavanone synthase
2-ME : 2-mercaptoethanol
2-PAM : pyridine-2-aldoxime methyl chloride
3AP : 3-acetylpyridine (3-AP)
3D : three-dimensional
3-MB : 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzylamine
3-MT : 3-methoxytyramine
3-OMD : 3-O-methylDOPA
3T3 : (cell line with) optimal growth if subcultivated at 3x105 cell/dish every 3 days
3VC : 3 vessel cord
4-AP : 4-aminopyridine
4-a-PDD : 4-a-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate
4CL : 4-coumarate CoA ligase
4E-BP : eIF-4E binding protein
4-HPR : 4-hydroxyphenylretinamide
4-MB : 4-methoxy-3-hydroxybenzylamine
4-MT : 4-methoxytyramine
4-OHT : 4-hydroxytamoxifen
4S : Scandinavian simvastatin survival study
4.1m : putative band 4.1 homologues binding motif
5-BU : 5-bromouracil
5-HIAA : 5-hydroxy-indol-acetic acid
5-HT : 5-hydroxytryptamine
5-MOP : 5-methoxypsoralen
5ohU : 5-hydroxyuracil
5'-TOP : 5'-terminal oligopyrimidine-rich (tract)
53BP : p53 binding protein
6Ckine : chemokine with 6 Cys residues
6-DMAP : 6-dimethylaminopurine
6-MP : 6-mercaptopurine
6-TG : 6-thioguanine
6TX : 6-thioxanthine
7AAD : 7-amino actinomycin D (7-AAD)
A : 1) adenosine ; 2) Ala ; 3) atto (a) ; 4) angstrom (Å) ; 5) activated (a) ; 6) absorbance ; 7) anisotropic ; 8) ampere (unit) ; 9) acid(ic) or anionic (a) ; 10) abortion ; 11) adriamycin ; 12) artery ; 13) ante ; 14) accommodation ; 15) adenine ; 16) agonist
A1AT : a1-antitrypsin
A/D : analog-to-digital converter
AA : 1) acrylamide ; 2) arachidonic acid ; 3) amino acid (aa) ; 4) adjuvant arthritis
AAA : aromatic amino acid
AAAS : American association for the advancement of science
AABB : American Association of Blood Banks
AACC : American Association of Clinical Chemistry
AACR : American association for cancer research
Aad : 2-aminoadipic acid
AAF : N-acetoxy-acetylaminofluorene
AAHA : azelaic-1-hydroxamate-9-anilide
AAI : average arthritic index
AAMP : angio-associated migratory cell protein
AAnP : anaerobic anoxygenic photosynthesis
AAP : 1) N-acryloylaminopropanol ; 2) Ala-amino-peptidase ; 3) aerobic, anoxygenic, phototrophic (Bacteria)
AAPC : 1,2-arachidonyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
AAPH : 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)hydrochloride
AAR : 1) amino acid replacement ; 2) a-adrenergic receptor (aAR)
AAT : a1-antitrypsin
AAV : adeno-associated virus
AB : 1) antibody (Ab) ; 2) acidic box
AB0 : IA, IB or i blood group (once called ABO, where O stands for ohne = without (Ag))
ABA : abscisic acid
ABAE : adult bovine aortic endothelial (cell)
ABC : 1) ATP-binding cassette ; 2) airway-breathing-circulation (A-B-C) ; 3) avidin-biotin complex
ABCD : 1) airway-breathing-circulation-defribillation (or differential diagnosis) (A-B-C-D) ; 2) activated B cells and dendritic cells (chemokine)
aBCGF : autostimulatory B-cell GF
ABF : ARS-binding factor (Abf)
ABG : arterial blood gases
aBGF : autostimulatory B-cell GF
ABH : adaptive bleaching hypothesis
ABHA : azelaic bishydroxamic acid
ABHD : antibacterial host defense
ABIA : Ab-induced arthritis (AbIA)
Abl : Ab(e)l(son protein tyrosine kinase)
AbMLV : Abelson murine leukemia virus
ABMT : autologous bone marrow transplantation
ABP : 1) androgen binding protein ; 2) actin binding protein
ABPA : allergic bornchopulmonary aspergillosis
ABR : AtBI-2-related
ABS : antibody-binding site
ABTS : 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)
Abu : 2-aminobutyric acid
Abzyme : Ab enzyme
AC : 1) acetyl- (Ac-) ; 2) adenylyl cyclase ; 3) alternating current (ac) ; 4) ante cibum (i.e. before meals) (a.c.) ; 5) actinium (Ac) ; 6) acidic (motif) (Ac) ; 7) anterior chamber
ac4c : 4-acetylcytidine
ACA : anticardiolipin Ab
ACAID : anterior chamber-associated immune deviation
A(-)CAM : zonula adhaerens-specific CAM
ACAT : acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyl transferase
ACC : 1) acetyl-CoA carboxylase ; 2) ATP-gated cation channel ; 3) amylase creatinine clearance ; 4) 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid ; 5) American college of cardiology
ACCP : american college of chest physicians
ACD : 1) active cell death ; 2)
ACE : 1) ACh esterase ; 2) angiotensin-I converting enzyme ; 3) amplification control element ; 4) adenosine-cytosine-rich element
ACES : 2-[(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)amino]ethanesulfonic acid
ACG : American college of gastroenterology
ACh : acetylcholine
AChE : Ach esterase
AChR : ACh receptor
ACK : acetyl-CoA carboxylase kinase
ACLS : advanced cardiac life support
ACMV : 1) assist-control mode ventilation ; 2) African cassaya mosaic virus
ACN : acetonitrile
AcNPV : Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus
ACOG : American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology
ACP : 1) acyl carrier protein ; 2) acid phosphatase (AcP)
ACPC : (R,R)-trans-2-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid
ACS : anomalously replicating consensus sequence
ACSF : artificial CSF
ACT : 1) activated clotting time ; 2) Advanced Cell Technology (Co.)
ACTH : adrenocorticotropic hormone
ACTR : ac(etyl)tr(ansferase)
ACV : acyclovir ([9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine])
AD : 1) adenovirus (Ad) ; 2) Alzheimer's disease ; 3) alternis diebus (i.e. : alternating days) (a.d.) ; 4) anno domini (i.e. : year of the Master) (A.D.) ; 5) atopic dermatitis
ADA : adenosine deaminase
ADAM : a disintegrin and metalloproteinase
ADCC : Ab-dependent cell-mediated citotoxicity
ADD : adipocyte determination and differentiation factor (i.e. : SREBP)
ADE : 1) adenine (Ade) ; 2) antibody-dependent enhancement
ADEPT : Ab-dependent enzyme-mediated prodrug therapy
ADF : 1) actin depolimerizing factor (domain) ; 2) ATL-derived factor ; 3) adipocyte differentiation factor
ADH : 1) alcohol dehydrogenase ; 2) antidiuretic hormone
ADHD : attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
ADI : acceptable daily intake
ADIF : autocrine differentiation-inhibiting factor
ADL : activities of daily living
ADM : adrenomedullin
ADMA : asymmetric dimethyl-L-Arg
ADME : absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
ADMP : anti-dorsaling morphogenetic protein
ADNase : anti-DNAse
ADP : adenosine 5'-diphosphate
Ado : adenosine
ADPRT : poly(ADP-ribosyl) transferase
AdoMet : S-adenosylmethionine
AdR : adenine deoxyribose
ADV : Aujeszky's disease virus
ADX : adrenalectomy
ADT : alternate-day treatment
AE : adverse event
AEA : anandamide
AEBC : agriculture and environment biotechnology commission
AEC : 1) atomic energy commission ; 2) 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole
AED : automatic external defibrillator
AEDS : atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome
AEF : 1) amyloidosis enhancing factor ; 2) allogeneic effect factor
AEP : 2-aminoethylphosphonate
AER : apex ectodermic ridge
AET : 2-aminoethylisothiouronium bromide
AF : 1) audio frequency (af) ; 2) antiflammin ; 3) acid-fast ; 4) amniotic fluid ; 5) atrial fibrillation
AFAP : actin-filament-associated protein
AFB : acid-fast bacillus
AFC : 1) 7-amino-4-trifluoromethyl coumarin ; 2) Ab-forming cell ; 3) alkaline fuel cell
AFCAPS : Air Force coronary atherosclerosis prevention study
AFGP : antifreeze glycoprotein
AFK : actin-fragmin kinase
AFLP : 1) amplification fragment length polymorphism ; 2) amplified fragment length polymorphism
AFM : atomic force microscopy
AFP : a1-fetoprotein
AG : 1) antigen (Ag) ; 2) argentum (i.e. : silver) (Ag) ; 3) albumin/globulin ratio (A/G)
AGC : 1) advanced gastric cancer ; 2) a-galactosylceramide (aGC)
AGE : 1) agarose gel electrophoresis ; 2) advanced glycation end-product
AGEPC : acetylglyceryletherphosphorylcholine
AGF : 1) adipocyte GF ; 2) adrenal GF ; 3) autocrine GF
AGID : agar gel immunodiffusion
AGIF : 1) agarose isoelectrofocusing ; 2) adipogenesis inhibitory factor
AGL : acute glomerular nephritis
AGM : aorta, gonads and mesonephros
AGP : a1-acid glycoprotein
AgRP : agouti-related protein
AGSF : autocrine growth stimulatory factor
AH : aconitate hydratase
AHA : 1) acquired hemolytic anemia ; 2) autoimmune hemolytic anemia ; 3) American Heart Association
AHBC : hepatitis B core antibody
AHCPR : agency for health care and practice research
AHD : alveolar hydatid disease
AHF : antihemophilic factor
AHI : Animal Health Institute
AHL : 1) archael histon and TF (domain) ; 2) age-related hearing loss
AHP : afterhyperpolarization
AHPN : 6-[3-(1-adamantyl)-4-hydroxyphneyl]-2-naphtalene carboxylic acid
AHPRBP : 3-amino-1-hydroxy-propylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate (AHPrBP)
AHR : 1) aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) ; 2) airway hyper-reactivity
AHRE : Ahr response element
AHT : antihyaluronidase titer
Ahx : 2-aminohexanoic acid (i.e. : Nle)
AI : 1) adequate intake ; 2) artificial intelligence ; 3) arthritic index
AIA : 1) adjuvant-induced arthritis ; 2) activation-induced apoptosis ; 3) aspirin-induced asthma
AICAR : 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxyamide ribonucleotide
AICD : activation-induced cell death
AID : activation-induced cytidine deaminase
AIDS : acquired immune deficiency syndrome
AIED : autoimmune inner ear disease
AIF : apoptosis inducing factor
AIG : 1) autoimmune gastritis ; 2) anchorage indipendent growth
AIGF : activation-induced GF
AIH : autoimmune hepatitis
AIHA : autoimmune hemolytic anemia
AIM : 1) activation inducer molecule ; 2) astroglia inducing molecule ; 3) apoptosis inhibition expressed by macrophages
AINR : activation-induced nonresponsiveness
AIP : 1) ALG-2 interacting protein ; 2) acute intermittent porphyria ; 3) average intravascular pressure
AIR : 5-aminoimidazhole ribonucleotide
AIRE : autoimmune regulator
AIT : adoptive immunotherapy
AK : actinic keratose
AKA : also known as (a.k.a.)
AKAP : A-kinase (i.e. : PK-A) anchoring protein
AKRMLV : AKR murine leukemia virus
AL : 1) amyloid L (chain) ; 2) aluminium (Al)
ALA : 1) alanine (Ala) ; 2) d-aminolevulinic acid ; 3) a-linolenic acid
ALAK : adherent lymphokine-activated killer cell
ALARA : as low as reasonable achievable
Alb : albumin
ALC : allogeneic lymphocyte cytotoxicity
ALCAM : activated leukocyte CAM
ALDH : acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
ALG : apoptosis-linked gene
ALIFE : artificial life (Alife)
ALIP : abnormal localization of immature precursors
ALK : 1) alkaline (alk) ; 2) activin receptor-like kinase
AlkP : alkaline phosphatase
ALK-PDE : alkaline PDE
ALL : acute lymphoid (or lymphoblastic or lymphocytic) leukaemia
ALLN : N-acetyl-leucinyl-leucinyl-norleucinal
allo- : second amino acid diastereoisomer discovered
ALML/R : anterior lateral microtubule cell left/right
AlP : alkaline phosphatase
ALPC : allophycocyanin
ALPI : alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes
ALPS : autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome
ALR : augmenter of liver regeneration
ALS : 1) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; 2) acetolactate synthase ; 3) advanced life support ; 4) additional lung sound
ALT : Ala transaminase
alt.dieb. : alternis diebus (i.e. : every other day)
alt.hor. : alternis horis (i.e. : every other hour)
alt.noct. : alternis noctibus (i.e. : every other night)
Alu : Arthrobacter luteus
ALV : avian leukosis (or leukemia) virus
AM : 1) ante meridiem (i.e. : before noon) (a.m. , AM) ; 2) adrenomedullin ; 3) americium (Am) ; 4) amplitude modulation ; 5) amygdala ; 6) amplitude-modulated ; 7) alveolar macrophage ; 8) acetoxymethylester
AMA : 1) against medical advice ; 2) antimitochondrial antibody ; 3) American Medical Association ; 4) apical membrane antigen
AMAC : alternative activated macrophage associated C-C-chemokine
ambo- : mixture of diastereoisomers formed by condensation between DL-amino acids
AMBP : a1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor
AMC : 7-amino-4-methyl coumarin
AMCA : AMC acetate
AMCC : adherent marrow cell culture
AMCF : alveolar macrophage chemotactic factor
AMDGF : alveolar macrophage derived GF
AME : Apparent mineralcorticoid excess (syndrome)
AMF : autocrine motility factor
AMH : anti-Mullerian hormone
AMI : 1) acute myocardial infarction ; 2) Ab-mediated immunity
AMKL : acute megakaryoblastic leukemia
AML : acute myeloid (or myeloblastic or myelogenous) leukaemia
AMLA : antimyolemmal antibody
AMLR : autologous mixed leukocyte reaction
AMLV : Abelson murine leukaemia virus
AMP : 1) ampicillin (amp) ; 2) adenosine 5'-monophosphate
AMPA : 1) aminomethylphosphonic acid ; 2) DL-a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-4-propionic acid
ampholyte : ampho(teric electro)lyte
AMPK : AMP-activated kinase
AMPPK : AMP-activated protein kinase
AMPRK : AMP regulated (protein) kinase
AMR : amphiregulin
AMS : accelerator mass spectrometry
amt : amount
A-MuLV : Abelson murine leukaemia virus
AMV : avian myeloblastosis virus
AN : Aspergillus nidulans (An)
ANA : antinuclear Ag/Ab
AnAnP : anaerobic anoxygenic photosynthesis
ANAP : anionic neutrophil-activating peptide
anat : anatomy, anatomic
ANATO : anaphylotoxin (homologous domain)
ANC : 1) absolute neutrophil count ; 2) adenine nucleotide carrier
ANCA : anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody
anes : anesthesia
ANF : 1) antinuclear factor ; 2) atrial natriuretic factor
Ang : angiopoietin
ANK : ankyrin (repeat)
ANLL : acute non-lymphoid (or non-lymphocytic) leukaemia
ANOVA : analysis of variance
ANP : atrial natriuretic peptide
ANS : anilinonaphtalene sulfonate
ANT : 1) adenine nucleotide translocator ; 2) anterior (ant)
ANX : annexin (repeat)
AOB : accessory olfactory bulb
AOD : autoimmune ovarian dysgenesis
AOM : azoxymethane
AOP : aminooxypentane
AOT : dioctyl sulfosuccinate
AOX : alternative oxidase
APACHE : acute physiology and chronic health evaluation
Apaf : apoptotic protease activating factor
AP : 1) activator protein ; 2) associated protein ; 3) adaptor protein ; 4) apurinic or apyrimidinic (site) ; 5) alkaline phosphatase ; 6) away-from-the pole (motion)
APACHE : acute physiology and chronic health evaluation
APAP : acetaminophen
APC : 1) adenomatous polyposis coli ; 2) anaphase-promoting complex ; 3) Ag-presenting cell ; 4) activated protein C ; 5) (3R,4S)-trans-4-aminopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid ; 6) allophycocyanin
APCA : antiparietal cell antibody
APC/C : anaphase-promoting complex / cyclosome
APD : action potential duration
APDS : ammonium peroxodisulfate
APE : 1) 2-aminopentanoic acid (i.e. : Nva) (Ape) ; 2) AP endonuclease
Apg : autophagy
APH : 3'-aminoglycoside phosphotransferase (Aph)
API : 1) active pharmaceutical ingredient ; 2) atmospheric pressure ionization
aPKC : atypical PKC
APL : 1) acute promyelocytic leukaemia ; 2) altered peptide ligand
APL-A : Aplysia californica cAMP-dependent (PK)
Apm : aminopimelic acid
APN : aminopeptidase N
APO : 1) apoptosis ; 2) apolipoprotein (apo)
APP : 1) acute phase protein ; 2) amyloid precursor protein ; 3) alveolar proteinosis
AP-PCR : arbitrarily primed PCR
appl : applicable, application, appliance
approx : approximate
APR : acute phase response
APRIL : a proliferation-inducing ligand
APRT : adenine phosphoribosyltransferase
APS : ammonium persulfate
APSAC : acylated plasminogen-streptokinase activator complex
aPTT : activated partial thromboplastin time
APUD : amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation
AQH : aqueous humor (AqH)
AR : 1) androgen receptor ; 2) amphiregulin ; 3) argon (Ar) ; 4) acyclic retinoid ; 5) agonist-receptor (complex) ; 6) adrenergic receptor
ARA : 1) arabinose (Ara) ; 2) antireticulin antibody
ara(-)A : 1-b-D-arabinofuranosyladenine
ara(-)C : 1-b-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine
ARAM : Ag recognition activation motif
ARB : 1) angiotensin receptor blocker ; 2) average relative binding
ARC : 1) apoptosis repressor with CARD domain ; 2) AIDS-related complex ; 3) aerobic respiration control (Arc) ; 4) arcuate nucleus ; 5) absolute reticulocyte count
ARD : absolute risk difference
ARDS : acute respiratory distress syndrome
ARE : 1) activation response element ; 2) AU-rich element ; 3) antioxidant response element
ARF : 1) alternate reading frame of the ink4a locus (murine p19, human p14) ; 2) ADP-ribosylation factor ; 3) auxin-response factor ; 4) acute renal failure
ARG : 1) arginine (Arg) ; 2) autoradiography
ARI : 1) absolute risk increase ; 2) acute respiratory infection
ARM : Armadillo-like (domain)
ARMS : amplification refractary mutation system
ArMV : arabis mosaic nepovirus
ARNO : ARF nucleotide-binding-site opener
ARR : 1) absolute risk reduction ; 2) arrestin (Arr)
ARRE : Ag-responsive element
ARS : 1) p-azophenylarsonate (Ars) ; 2) autonomously replicating sequence
ART : 1) assisted reproduction technologies ; 2) artemin ; 3) antiretroviral therapy
AS : 1) additive solution ; 2) antisense ; 3) arsenic (As) ; 4) alternatively spliced
ASA : 1) advanced sequence analysis ; 2) antisarcolemmal antibody ; 3) acetylsalicylic acid
ASAP : 1) allele specific associated primer ; 2) as soon as possible ; 3) Arf-GTPase-activating protein
ASBVd : avocado sunblotch Vd
ASAC : 1) antibody-secreting cell ; 2) achaete-scute (AS-C) ; 3) adult stem cell
ASCVD : atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
ASF : airway surface fluid
ASFV : African swine fever virus
ASGPR : asialoglycoprotein receptor
ASHG : American society of human genetics
ASI : active specific immunization / immunotherapy
ASIC : acid-sensing ion channel
ASK : 1) apoptosis signal-regulating kinase ; 2) antistreptokinase
ASKA : antiskeletal antibody
ASLO : antistreptolysin O
ASLV : avian sarcoma and leukosis virus
ASM : airway smooth muscle
ASMA : antismooth muscle antibody
Asn : asparagine
ASO : 1) allele-specific oligonucleotide ; 2) antistreptolysine O ; 3) arteriosclerosis obliterans
Asp : aspartic acid
ASPCA : American society for the prevention of cruelty to animals
AS-PCR : allele specific PCR
ASR : area specific resistivity
ASSURE B : allele specific sequencing using restriction enzyme and biotinylation
AST : Asp transaminase
ASV : avian sarcoma virus
Asx : Asp or Asn
AT : 1) angiotensin II (receptor) ; 2) ataxia-telangiectasia ; 3) atomic (at.) ; 4) antithrombin
ATA : aspirin-tolerant asthma
ATAC : activation-induced, T cell-derived, and chemokine-related
ATCase : aspartate transcarbamoylase
ATCC : American type cell culture
ATE : acetate-Tris-EDTA
ATF : 1) activating transcription factor ; 2) aminoterminal fragment
ATL : 1) ascending thin limb ; 2) adult T-cell leukaemia
ATLD : AT-like disorder
ATM : 1) ataxia-telangiectasia mutated ; 2) atmosphere (atm)
ATP : 1) autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura ; 2) adenosine 5'-triphosphate
ATPase : adenosine triphosphatase
ATPgS : 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (ATPgS)
ATR : ATM + Rad3-related protein kinase
ATRA : 1) angiotensin II-receptor antagonist ; 2) all-trans retinoic acid
ATS : American thoracic society
atto : 10-18
ATV : 1) automatically triggered ventilator ; 2) automatic transport ventilator
AU : aurum (i.e. : gold) (Au)
AUC : 1) area under the cruve ; 2) analytical ultracentrifugation
Aut : autophagy
AuxRE : auxin-response elements
AV : 1) average (av) ; 2) atrioventricular (node)
AVG : arterovenous graft
AVM : anterior ventral microtubule cell
AVP : Arg-vasopressin
AZ : antizyme
AZT : 3'-azydo-3'-deoxythymidine
B : 1) Asx ; 2) base (b) ; 3) basic (b) ; 4) bone marrow (lymphocyte) ; 5) bacterial (b) ; 6) follows A in the alphabet (i.e. : C or G or T in base codes) ; 7) boron
B2M : b2-microglobulin (b2m)
B41 : band 4.1 homologues
BA : 1) bronchial asthma ; 2) barium (Ba)
BAC : 1) bacterial artificial chromosome ; 2) blood alcohol concentration ; 3) basal acid concentration
BACE : b-site APP-cleaving enzyme
bact : bacterium (-ia)
Bad : Bcl-xL/Bcl-2 associated death promoter
BAE : bovine aortic endothelial (cell)
BAEC : bovine aortic endothelial cell
Baf : bafilomycin
BAFF : B-cell-activating factor of the TNF family
Bag : Bcl-2 associated athanogene (domain)
BAH : Bromo adjacent homology (domain)
Bak : Bcl-2 antagonist/killer
BAL : 1) British anti-Lewisite ; 2) bronchoalveolar lavage ; 2) blood alcohol level
bAla : b-alanine
BALF : bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
BALT : bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue
BAM : 1) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bam) ; 2) bovine adrenal medulla
B[a]P : benzo [a]pyrene
BAPTA : 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid
BAPTA-AM : BAPTA acetoxymethyl ester
BAR : b-adrenergic receptor (bAR)
BARK : bAR kinase (bARK)
bAS : b-amyrin synthase
Bax : Bcl-2 associated x protein
BAY 11-7085 : (E)-3-[(4-t-butylphenylsulfonyl]-2-propenitrile
BB : 1) base buffer ; 2) blood bank
BBAT : buffered Brucella Ag test
BBB : 1) blood-brain barrier ; 2) bundle branch block
BBC : British broadcasting corporation
BBE : berberine bridge enzyme
BBT : basal body temperature
BCA : B-cell attractant
BCAA : branched chain amino acid
BCBL : body cavity-based lymphoma
BCC : 1) basal cell carcinoma ; 2) body-centered-cube (bcc)
BCD : bacterial carbon-demand
BCDF : B-cell differentiation factor
BCECF : 2',7'-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-(and-6)-carboxyfluorescein
BCG : bacille Calmette-Guérin
BChl : bacteriochlorophyll
BCIP : 5-Br-4-Cl-3-indoyl phophate
Bcl : B-cell lymphoma
BCLL : B-cell CLL
BCM : bovine cervical mucus
BCMA : B-cell maturation antigen
BCP : 1) birth control pills ; 2) blood cell profile
Bcr : 1) breakpoint cluster region ; 2) B-cell receptor (BcR)
BCVA : best corrected visual acuity
BCZ : B cell zone
BD : Bromo domain
BDA : boomerang DNA amplification
BDE : bromo diphenyl ether
BDL : bursal duict ligation
bDNA : branch DNA
BDNF : brain-derived neurotrophic factor
BDNT : brain-derived neurotrophin
BDS : biological detection system
BE : 1) base excess ; 2) beryllium
BEACH : Beige and CHS
BEC : Bose-Einstein condensate
Beclin : Bcl-2-interacting protein
BEGM : bronchial epithelial growth medium
BER : base excision repair
BES : 17-b-estradiol
BETA : b-cell E-box transactivator
BF : bone fragment
BFA : brefeldin A
BFK : bovine fetal kidney
Bfl : Bcl-2 homolog isolated from a human fetal liver
BFP : 1) bundle-forming pilus ; 2) blue fluorescent protein
BFU : 1) blue-forming unit ; 2) burst-forming unit
BGD : bromcresol green dye
BGE : 1) bacterial growth effciency ; 2) background electrolyte
BGH : bovine growth hormone
BGO : bismuth germanate
BGP : biliary glycoprotein
BGPS : beef extract-glucose-peptone-serum (medium)
BGR : beta-glucan receptor (bGR)
BH : Bcl-2 homolog domain
BH4 : tetrahydrobiopterin
BHA : butylated hydroxyanisol
BHK : baby hamster kidney (cell line)
BHIB : brain-heart infusion broth
BHR : bronchial hyper-responsiveness
BHT : butylated hydroxytoluene
BI : 1) Bax inhibitor ; 2) bioinformatics
BIA : biomolecular interaction analysis
BIALO : binocular indirect argon laser ophthalmoscopy
bib : bibe (i.e. : drink)
Bid : 1) BH-3 interacting DD protein ; 2) bis in die (i.e. : twice a day) (b.i.d.)
BIDS : biological integrated detection system
Bik : Bcl-2 interacting killer
BIL : backcross introgression lines
BIND : biomolecular interaction network database
biol : biologic, biology
BiP : binding protein
BIPA : Birman's intrapharyngeal airway
BIR : Baculovirus IAP repeat
BIRN : biomedical informatics research network
BIS : N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide
BISTRIS : 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)2,2',2" nitryltriethanol (buffer)
BIV : bovine immunodeficiency virus
BK : bradykinin
BL : Burkitt's lymphoma
BLAST : basic local alignment search tool
BLC : B-lymphocyte chemoattractant (or chemokine)
BLE : basal level element
BLIMP : B-lymphocyte-induced maturation protein
Blk : Bik-like killer
BLM : 1) Bloom syndrome (gene/protein) ; 2) black lipid membrane ; 3) bleomycin sulfate
BLNK : B-cell linker
BLOSUM : blocks substitution matrix
BLP : buffered lactose peptone
BLS : basic life support
BLV : bovine leukemia virus
BM : 1) basement membrane ; 2) bone marrow ; 3) binding medium
BMA : British medical association
BMAC : B-cell and monocyte-activating chemokine
BMC : 1) bone marrow cell ; 2) bone marrow chimera
BMD : 1) bone mineral density ; 2) Becker muscular distrophy
BMDC : bone marrow-derived dendritic cell
BMDDC : bone marrow-derived dendritic cell
BME : 1) bovine microvascular endothelial (cell) ; 2) b-mercaptoethanol (bme)
BMEC : bone marrow microvascular endothelial cell
BMHP : bromo-mercury-hydroxypropane
BMI : body-mass index
BMK : big MAP kinase
BMM : bone marrow-derived macrophage
BMMC : bone-marrow-derived mast cell
BMP : bone morphogenetic protein
BMR : basal metabolic rate
BMT : bone marrow transplantation
BMZ : basement membrane zone
BNaC : brain Na+ channel
BN buffer : bicarbonate-Nonidet P-40 buffer
BNC : brain Na+ channel
BNFA : brefeldin A
BNP : brain (-derived) natriuretic (poly)peptide
BO : 1) bronchiolitis obliterans ; 2) bacterioopsin (bO)
BOD : 1) Bcl-2-related ovarian death gene ; 2) biochemical oxygen demand (B.O.D.)
BOGSAT : bunch of guys sat around a table
Bok : Bcl-2 related ovarian killer
BOR : broncho-oto-renal (syndrome)
BOS : bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome
BowB : Bowman-Birk type proteinase inhibitor
BP : 1) binding protein ; 2) base-pair (bp) ; 3) before present (B.P.) ; 4) boiling point (b.p.) ; 5) blood pressure ; 6) birch pollen ; 7) bullous pemphigoid
BPA : burst promoving activity
BPAT : buffered plate Ag test
BPDE : benzo[a]pyrene-diol-epoxide
BPDS : 4,7-bipheniyl-1,10-phenanthroline-disulphonic acid
BPES : blepharophimosis ptosis epicanthus inversus syndrome
BPG : D-2,3-bisphosphoglycerate
BPH : benign prostatic hypertrophy
BPheo : bacteriopheophytin
BphP : bacteriophytochrome
BPI : bactericidal-permeability-increasing protein
BPS : branch-point sequence
BPTI : bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor
BPV : bovine papillomavirus
Bq : becquerel (unit)
BRAF : BRCA2-associated factor
BRAK : breast and kidney derived chemokine
BRCA : br(east and ovarian) ca(ncer growth-suppressor protein)
BRCT : BRCA1 C-terminal (domain)
BrdU : 5-bromodeoxyuridine
BrdUrd : 5-bromodeoxyuridine
BRET : bioluminescence resonance energy transfer
BRIGHT : B cell regulator of IgH transcription (Bright)
BRK : 1) brinker (Brk) ; 2) baby rat kidney
BRLZ : basic region leucine zipper
BRM : biological response modifier
BRUCE : BIR-containing Ub-conjugating enzyme
BrUra : bromouracil
BRZ : brassinazole
BS : 1) Bloom syndrome ; 2) blood sugar
BSA : 1) bovine serum albumin ; 2) bulked segregant analysis ; 3) body surface area
BSAB : bispecific antibody (BsAb)
BSAP : B cell specific activator protein
BSDB : bispecific diabody (BsDb)
BSE : bovine spongiform encephalopathy
BSF : bovine serum factors
BSK : Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly (medium)
BSL : blood sugar level
BSM : bisulfite-modified
BSO : buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine
BSP : bone syaloprotein
BSS : Bernard-Soulier syndrome
Bst : Bacillus stearothermophilus
BSV : bovine syncytial virus
bt : Bacillus thuringiensis
BTB : Broad-complex +Tramtrack + Bric a brac (domain)
Btf : Bcl-2-associated transcription factor
BTK : Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk)
BTSM : bovine tracheal smooth muscle
BTU : British thermal unit
BU : 1) 5-Br-uracyl ; 2) butyl (Bu) ; 3) busulfan (Bu)
BUB : benimidazole unaffected budding
BUCHE : butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE)
BUN : blood urea nitrogen
BupdGTP : butylphenyl dGTP
BVDV : bovine viral diarrhoea virus
BVM : bag-valve-mask
BW : 1; biological weapon ; 2) body weight
BWC : biological weapons convention
BWSV : black-widow spider venom
Bx : biopsy
Bz : benzoyl
BzATP : 1) 3'-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl) ATP ; 2) 2'-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl) ATP
C : 1) cellular (c/c) ; 2) cytosolic (c) ; 3) complementary (c) ; 4) centi (c) ; 5) catalytic subunit ; 6) 3',5'-cyclic, cycle (c) ; 7) cytidine ; 8) Cys ; 9) Cys rich (domain) ; 10) complement protein ; 12) Ca2+-binding ; 13) haploid DNA content per cell ; 14) Celsius (degree) (°C) ; 15) constant (region) ; 16) coulomb (unit) ; 17) cum (i.e. : with) (c) ; 18) centum (i.e. : one hundred) ; 19) cervical vertebra ; 20) cytosine ; 21) cytoplasmic domain (C) ; 22) copyright (©) ; 23) core (protein) ; 24) chimeric (c)
C' : activated complement
C/EBP : CCAAT-enhancer binding protein
C4H : cinnamate 4-hydroxylase
CA : 1) chemical abstract ; 2) carrier ampholytecadherin (repeat) ; 3) cardiac arrest ; 4) chronologic age ; 5) carcinoma (Ca) ; 6) calcium (Ca) ; 7) capsid (protein) ; 8) cold agglutinin ; 9) classically activated ; 10) conalbumin ; 11) carbonic anhydrase
CaBP : CaM-binding protein
CACD : chronic active Chron's disease
CACI : computer-assisted continuous infusion
CAD : 1) caspase-activated DNase ; 2) carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase + ATCase + dihydroorotase complex ; 3) coronary artery disease
CADD : computer-assisted drug design
CadhD : cadherin domain
cADPR : cyclic ADP-ribose
CAE : 1) childhood absence epilepsy ; 2) capillary array electrophoresis ; 3) chloro-acetate esterase
CAEV : caprine arthritis encephalitis virus
CAI : 1) carbonic anhydrase inhibitor ; 2) Ca2+ uptake inhibitor
cAK: cAMP-dependent protein kinase
CAK : Cdk-activating kinase
CAL : 1) cortical ascending limb ; 2) calorie (cal) ; 3) kilocalorie (Cal)
CALC : calculated (Calc., calc.)
CALLA : common acute lympho(cyto)blastic leukaemia Ag
CALM : clathrin assembly lymphoid-myeloid leukaemia protein
CALS : continuous additional lung sound
CAML : calcium-modulator and cyclophilin ligand
CAM : 1) cell-adhesion molecule ; 2) calmodulin (CaM) ; 3) Crassulacean acid metabolism (plants) , 4) chorioallantoic membrane
CaM-K : Ca2+/CaM–dependent kinase
CAMP : camptothecin
CaMV : cauliflower mosaic virus
CAN : calcineurin (CaN)
CAP : 1) CD40-associated protein ; 2) catabolite (gene) activating protein ; 3) controlled atmosphere packaging
CAPE : caffeic acid phenetyl ester
CAPS : 1) cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences ; 2) 3-(cyclohexylamino)-1-propanesulfonic acid ; 3) capsules (caps)
cAR : cAMP receptor
CARD : caspase activation and recruitment domain.
CARDIAK : CARD-containing ICE associated kinase
CARE : cholesterol and recurrent events (study)
CARMEN : CARD-containing molecule enhancing NF-kB
CARS : compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome
CART : 1) Cys-rich domain associated to RING and TRAF protein ; 2) cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript
CAS : 1) cellular apoptosis susceptibility protein ; 2) Crk–associated substrate (Cas)
CASP : colon ascendens stent peritonitis
Caspase : cysteinyl aspartic acid-protease
CAST : 1) cardiac arrhythmia suppression trial ; 2) cyclic amplification and selection of target
CAT : 1) chloramphenicol acetyltransferase ; 2) catalase ; 3) computer-assisted axial tomography ; 4) critically appraised topics
CATERPILLER : CARD, transcription enhancer, R (purine)-binding, pyrin, lots of leucin repeats
CAV : 1) cavity (cav) ; 2) coxsackie A virus ; 3) cardiac allograft vasculopathy
CB : 1) costimulatory blockade ; 2) (umbilical) cord blood
CBA : 1) cecal bacterial antigen ; 2) cytometric bead array
CBB : 1) calcium chaneel blocker ; 2) Coomassie brilliant blue
CBC : 1) cap-binding complex ; 2) complete blood (cell) count
CBCB : center for bioinformatics and computational biology
CBD : 1) cellulose binding domain ; 2) chronic beryllium disease ; 3) corticobasal degranulation
CBDCOM : chemical and biological defence command
CBF : 1) CCAAT box binding factor ; 2) cerebral blood flow ; 3) core binding factor
CBG : corticosteroid-binding globulin
CBHA : m-carboxy cinnamic acid bishydroxamic acid
CBIRF : chemical biological incident response force
CBLB : Casitas B-lineage lymphoma b (Cblb)
CBMC : 1) cord blood-derived mast cell ; 2) cord blood mononuclear cell
CBP : 1) CREB binding protein ; 2) cap-binding protein ; 3) Csk-binding protein (CBP / Cbp)
CBS : cystathionine b-synthase (domain)
CBV : coxsackie B virus
CC : 1) coiled-coil (domain) ; 2) chief complaint ; 3) cubic centimetre (cc) ; 4) carnitine carrier ; 5) corpus callosum
CCB : calcium channel blocker
CCCV : coconut cadang-cadang viroid
CCD : 1) countercurrent distribution ; 2) cytochalasin D
ccDNA : closed circular DNA
cccDNA : covalently-closed circular DNA
CCD : charge-coupled device
CCE : 1) counter current electrophoresis ; 2) central European encephalitis (virus)
CCG : cell cycle control gene
CCH : carbachol (CCh)
CCHF : Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (virus)
CCK : 1) cholecystokinin ; 2) colon carcinoma kinase
CCLR : cell culture lysis reagent
CCM : chemical cleavage of mismatch
CCMV : cowpea chlorotic mottle virus
CCP : complement control proteins (domain)
CCR : 1) C-C chemokine receptor ; 2) central conserved region (in the Pospiviroidae genomes)
CCT : cortical collecting tubule
CCU : critical care unit
CCX : cerebral cortex
CD : 1) cluster of differentiation (or cluster determinant or cluster designation) ; 2) circular dichroism ; 3) Chromo domain ; 4) common docking (site) ; 5) cyclodextrin ; 6) compact disk ; 7) Chron's disease ; 8) cytidine deaminase ; 9) cycle duration
CDC : 1) cell division cycle (CDC/Cdc) ; 2) centers for disease control (and prevention) ; 3) complement-dependent cytotoxicity
CDCA : chenodeoxycholic acid
CDCV : common disease/common variant (CD/CV) (hypothesis)
CDE : cord blood-derived eosinophil
CDH : cadherin (Cdh)
CDK : cyclin-dependent (or cell division) serine/threonine kinase
CDKI : CDK inhibitor
CD-MPR : cation-dependent Man-6-phosphate receptor
CDP : 1) cytidine 5'-diphosphate ; 2) chlordiazepoxide ; 3) CCAAT displacement protein
CDPA : calcium dipicolonic acid
CDR : 1) complimentarity determining region ; 2) common deleted region
CDRA : common disease/rare allele (CD/RA) (hypothesis)
CDS : cell dissociation solution
CE : capillary electrophoresis
CEA : 1) cockroach extract Ag ; 2) carcinoembryonic Ag
CEC : capillary electrochromatography
CED : ce(ll) d(eath)
CEF : chicken embryo fibroblast
CEN : centromere
cent : centigrade
CEP : circulating endothelial progenitor (cell)
CEPH : centre d'étude des polymorphisme humaine
CETE : central European tick-borne encephalitis
CF : 1) cystic fibrosis ; 2) complement fixation (test)
CFA : 1) complete Freund's adjuvant ; 2) carbonate fluoroapatite
CFC : 1) colony-forming cell ; 2) chlorofluorocarbons
CFCS : cell-free culture supernatant
CFDA : carboxyfluorescein diacetate
CFF : critical flicker fusion
CFIDS : chronic fatigue immune dysfunction syndrome
CFLP : cleavage fragment lenght polymorphism
CFM : cystic fibrosis modifier
CFR : case fatality rate
CFSE : 5- (and 6-)carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester
CFTR : cystic fybrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
CFU : colony-forming unit
CFU-E : CFU for erythrocytes
CFU-G : CFU for granulocytes
CFU-GM : CFU for granulocytes and monocytes
CFU-M : CFU for monocytes
CFV : cryopreserved femoral vein
CG : capsular glaucoma
CG : chronic granulomatosis
CGD : chronic granulomatosis disease
CGG : chicken g-globulin
CGH : comparative genome hybridization
CGMP : current good manufacturing practice ; 2) cyclic guanosine 5'-monophosphate
CGN : cis-Golgi network
CGRP : calcitonin gene-related peptide
CH : 1) Charriére (unit) (Ch) ; 2) calponin homology (domain) ; 3) Chido (blood group Ag) (Ch)
CHAPS : 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate
CHARTPCR : chromatin accessibility using RT-PCR (CHART-PCR)
ChAT : choline acetyltransferase
CHB : congenital heart block
CHD : 1) congenital heart disease ; 2) childhood disease ; 3) coronary heart disease
CHEF : 1) contour-clamped homogeneous electric field ; 2) Chinese hamster embryo fibroblast
CHES : 2-(N-cyclohexylamino)ethane sulfonic acid
CHF : congestive heart failure
CHI : 1) chronic HIV infection ; 2) chalcone isomerase
CHIP : chromatine immunoprecipitation assay (ChIP)
Chk : checkpoint kinase
Chl : chlorophyll
chm5u : 5-(carboxyhydroxymethyl)uridine
CHO : 1) C-terminal aldehyde ; 2) Chinese hamster ovary (cell)
CHOP : C/EBP homologous protein
CHP : combined heat and power
CHR : 1) chalcone (polyketide) reductase ; 2) chronic (chr)
CHROMO : chromatin organization modifier (domain)
CHS : 1) chalcone synthase ; 2) contact hypersensitivity
ChSh : Chromo shadow (domain)
ChtBD : chitin binding domain
CHX : cycloheximide
CI : 1) chloroform and isoamyl alcohol (mixture) ; 2) curie (unit) (Ci) ; 3) ChemIonization ; 4) confidence interval
CIA : 1) collagen-induced arthritis ; 2) chromatin immunoprecipitation and array ; 3) central intelligence agency
CIC : 1) circulating immune complex ; 2) cold-induced constriction
CICR : Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release
CID : 1) chemically induced dimerization ; 2) collision-induced dissociation
CIDP : chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
CIDR : Cys-rich interdomain region
CIEF : capillary isolectrofocusing
CIEP : counter immunoelectrophoresis
CIGTS : collaborative initial glaucoma treatment study
CIHR : Canadian Institutes of Health Research
CIITA : class II transactivator
CI-MPR : cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor
CIN : 1) chromosomal instability ; 2) cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
CIP : 1) Cdk-interacting protein ; 2) calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase ; 3) Cahn-Ingold-Prelog (convention)
CIPER : CED-3/ICH-1 prodomain homologous, E10-like regulator
CIS : 1) cytokine inducing substance ; 2) cytokine inducible SH2-containing protein ; 3) carcinoma in situ
CISH : chromogenic ISH
Cit : citrulline
CITED : CBP/p300-interacting transactivator with ED-rich tail
CJD : Creutzfeld-Jakob disease
CK : 1) casein kinase ; 2) creatin(in)e kinase ; 3) calf kidney (cells)
CKI : Cdk inhibitor
CL : 1) cardiolipin ; 2) chemiluminescence ; 3) confidence limits
CLAG : cytoadherence-linked asexual gene
CLAP : CARD-like apoptotic protein
CLB : blood clearance (CLb)
CLC : (voltage-gated) chloride channel
CLCA : Ca2+-activated chloride channel
CLDT : cytolethal distending toxin
CLECT : C-type lectin
CLH : clathrin heavy chain (repeat homology)
CLIC : chloride intracellular channel
CLIP : 1) corticotropin-like intermediate peptide ; 2) class II linked inviariant chain peptide
CLL : chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
CLN : cervical lymph node
CLNS : nucleotide sensitive chloride channel
CLP : 1) cecal ligation and puncture ; 2) common lymphoid progenitor
CLS : capillary-like structure
CM : 1) O-carboxymethyl ; 2) cell membrane ; 3) cras mane (i.e. : tomorrow morning) (c.m.) ; 4) 2'-O-methylcytidine (cm) ; 5) conditioned medium ; 6) cow's milk ; 7) cardiac myosin ; 8) cerebral malaria ; 9) costimulatory molecule ; 10) complete medium
cm5u : 5-carbamoylmethyluridine
CMA : cow's milk allergy
CMAP : compound motor action potential
CMB : cosmic microwave background
CMC : 1) carboxymethylcellulose ; 2) critical micelle concentration
CME : continuing medical education
CMFDA : 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate
CMGT : chromosome-mediated gene transfer
CMI : 1) cell-mediated immunity ; 2) charge-modification index
c/min : cycles per minute
CMK : chloromethylketone
CML : chronic myeloid (myelocytic or myelogenous) leukaemia
CMLP : common myelo-lymphoid progenitor
CMM : cutaneous malignant melanoma
CMML : chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia
cmnm5s2u : 5-carboxymethylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine
cmnm5u : 5-carboxymethylaminomethyluridine
CMOAT : canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter
CMOS : complementary metal-oxide silicon
CMP : 1) common myeloid progenitor ; 2) cytidine 5'-monophosphate
CMPD : camphomelyc displasy
CMR : cardiovascular magnetic resonance
CMS . cytoplasmic male sterility
CMT : Charcot-Marie-Tooth (disease)
CMV : 1) controlled mechanical ventilationcytomegalovirus
c-Myb : (avian) my(elo)b(lastosis virus oncogene)
CNG : cyclic nucleotide-gated (cation channel)
CNP : C-type natriuretic peptide
CMV : cytomegalovirus
cNMP : cyclic NMP (binding domain)
CNA : copy number abnormality
CNBR : cyanogen bromide (CNBr)
CNF : cytotoxic necrotizing factor
CNP : C-type natriuretic peptide
CNR : cell nuclear replacement
CNS : 1) conserved noncoding sequence ; 2) central nervous system
CNT : connecting tubule
CNTF : ciliary neurotrophic factor
CNV : choroidal neovascularization
CNX : connexin (homologues)
CO : 1) complement ; 2) cardiac output
CoA : 1) coenzyme A ; 2) coactivator
COD : conditions of discharge
COLFI : fibrillar collagens (CTD)
CoMFA : comparative molecular field analysis
CoMo : control morpholino oligonucleotide
comp : compound
COMT : catechol-O-methyltransferase
ConA : concanavalin A
conc(.) : concentration, concentrated
cond : condition
const : constant
COP : 1) coating protein ; 2) coefficient of parentage
COPD : chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
COPP : cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP)
COR : corepressor (CoR)
CORT : corticosterone
COS : cohesive site
COSY : correlation spectroscopy
COTS : commercial off-the-shelf (technology)
COUP : chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter
COX : cyclooxygenase
CoQ : coenzyme Q
CP : 1) chloroplastic (cp) ; 2) chemically pure ; 3) cyclophosphamide ; 4) connecting peptide ; 5) control peptide
CPAN : caspase activated nuclease
CPAP : continuous positive airway pressure
CPCR : cardio-pulmonary-cerebral reanimation
CPE : 1) cytopathic effect ; 2) carboxypeptidase E
CPEB : cytoplasmic polyadenylation-element-binding protein
CPI : 1) cyclopropapyrroloindole ; 2) C-kinase activated phosphatase inhibitor
CPK : 1) creatine phosphokinase ; 2) Corey, Pauling and Kultun (colouring scheme for elements)
cPKC : conventional PKC
CPLM : Cys-peptone-liver infusion maltose (medium)
CPM : 1) connecting peptide motif ; 2) counts per minute (cpm)
cpn : chaperonin
CPP : cell-penetrating peptide
CPPD : calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate
CPR : cardio-pulmonary resuscitation
cps : counts per second
CPSF : cleavage/polyadenylation specificity factor
CPT : 1) camptothecin ; 2) carnithine-palmitoyl transferase ; 3) current procedural terminology
CQ : chloroquine
CR : 1) complement component receptor ; 2) conserved region ; 3) caloric restriction; 4) complete remission ; 5) complete response
CRA : cockroach antigen
CRAC : cytoplasmic regulator of adenylyl cyclase
CRACC : CD2-like receptor activating cytotoxic cells
CRADD : caspase and RIP adaptor with DD
CRBP : cellular retinol-binding protein
CRC : colorectal cancer
CRD : 1) carbohydrate-recognition domain ; 2) cysteine-rich domain
CRE : cAMP RE
CREB : CRE-B(P)
CREBBP : CREB-binding protein
CREM : cAMP response element modulator
CREST : carcinoid, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysfunction, sclerodactily and teleangectasia
CRF : corticotropin-releasing factor
CRH : corticotropin-releasing hormone
CRIB : Cdc42 and Rac interactive binding (motif)
CRK : chicken retroviral kinase (Crk)
CRL : complete response letter
CRLR : calcitonin receptor-like receptor
Crm : 1) cytokine response modifier ; 2) cross-reacting material
cRNA : complementary RNA
Cro : cI repressor off
CRP : 1) cAMP receptor protein ; 2) catabolite repressor protein ; 3) C-reactive protein ; 4) cysteine-rich protein ; 5) cecal ligation/puncture ; 6) complement-regulatory protein
CRS : 1) cytoplasmic retention signal ; 2) congenital rubella syndrome
CRT : 1) cathode ray tube ; 2) choice reaction time
CS : 1) Cockayne syndrome ; 2) catalytic subunit or site (CS) ; 3) cytrate synthase ; 4) circumsporozoitic ; 5) conscious, consciousness (Cs) ; 6) chorionic somatomammotropin ; 7) culture supernatant ; 8) contact sensitivity
CSA : 1) cyclosporin A (CsA) ; 2) colony-stimulating activity ; 3) chondroitin sulphate A ; 4) common structural antigens
CSC : cardiac stem cell
CSD : C-terminal shadow CD (Chromo domain)
CSF : 1) colony-stimulating factor; 2) cytostatic factor ; 3) cerebrospinal fluid
CSGE : conformation-sensitive gel electrophoresis
CSH : cyclosporin H (CsH)
CSI : 1) COX-2-specific inhibitor ; 2) classical strain improvement
CSHL : Cold Spring Harbor laboratories
CSK : C-terminal c-Src kinase
CSNP : coding SNP (cSNP)
CSP : 1) cold shock protein (domain) ; 2) circumsporozoite protein
CSR : 1) class-switch recombination ; 2) chlorsulfonTM resistance (csr)
CSS : Canale-Smith syndrome
CstF : cleavage stimulatory factor
CSV : chicken syncytial virus
CSY : casein-sucrose-yeast (agar)
CT : 1) C-terminal cystine knot-like (domain) ; 2) computerized (or computed) tomography ; 3) calcitonin ; 4) chordae tendinae ; 5) cholera toxin ; 6) cycle threshold (Ct / ct) ; 7) cancer-testis ; 8) competitive template
CTAB : cetyltrimethylammonium bromide
CTACK : cutaneous T-cell-activating (or attracting) chemokine (C-TACK)
CTAL : cortical thick ascending limb
CTALH : cortical thick ascending limb of Henle (cTALH)
CTAP : connective tissue activating peptide
CTCK : C-terminal cystine knot-like (domain)
CTCL : cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
CTD : carboxy-terminal domain
CTD-K : (RNA polymerase II) CTD kinase
CTE : constitutive transport element
CTF : 1) CCAAT-binding transcription factor ; 2) Colorado tick fever
CTFV : Colorado tick fever virus
CTL : 1) C-type lectin ; 2) cytotoxic T lymphocyte
CTLA : cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated Ag
CTMC : connective tissue mast cell
CTMP : carboxy-terminus modulator protein
CTNKP : common T/NK cell progenitor (C-TNKP)
CTP : 1) cytidine 5'-triphosphate ; 2) chloroplast transit peptide
CTRP : CSP-TRAP-related protein
CTT : compensatory tracking task
CTX : 1) ciguatera toxin ; 2) Vibrio cholerae toxin
CU : 1) cubic (cu) ; 2) cuprum (i.e. : copper) (Cu)
CUB : C1r/s + uEGF + BMP1 (domain)
CUX : cut-like protein x (Cux)
CV : 1) coefficient of variation ; 2) cardiovascular ; 3) conduction velocity
CVA : cerebrovascular accident
CVC : 1) central venous catheter ; 2) cerebrovascular conductance ; 3) cerebrovascular complication
CVD : cardiovascular disease
CVIA : computer-assisted video image analysis
CVID : common variable immunodeficiency
CVO : circumventricular organ
CVS : 1) cardiovascular system ; 2) chorionic villi sample
CWD : chronic wasting disease
CWS : chemical warfare service
Cx : connexin
CXCR : CXC chemokine receptor
CXR : chest X-ray
CY : 1) cystatin-like (domain) ; 2) calendar year
CY3 : indocarbocyanine (Cy3)
Cya : cysteic acid
Cyd : cytidine
Cyc : cyclin
CYCc : (adenylyl/guanylyl) cyc(lase), catalytic (domain)
Cyp . cyclophilin
Cys : cysteine or half-cystine
Cyt : 1) cytochrome (cyt) ; 2) cytosine
CZE : capillary zone electrophoresis
CZT : cadmium-zinc telluride
D : 1) di (d) ; 2) deoxy (d) ; 3) Asp ; 4) displacement (loop) ; 5) diversity (segment) ; 6) Drosophila melanogaster homologous (d) ; 7) day(s) ; 8) distilled or deionized (d) ; 9) change in, change of (D) ; 10) density (d) ; 11) absorbed dose (D) ; 12) dosis (i.e. : dose) (d) ; 13) dorsal vertebra ; 14) double covalent bond position in a FFA starting from carboxyl group (D) ; 15) follows C in the alphabet (i.e. : A or G or T in base codes) ; 16) 5,6-dihydrouridine (D/d) ; 17) deci
D4T : 2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxythymidine
DA : 1) dalton (unit) (Da) ; 2) daughterless (da) ; 3) dopamine
DAA : DNA alkylating agent
DAB : 1) 2,4-diaminobutyric acid (Dab) ; 2) 3,3-diaminobenzidine (tetrahydrochloride) ; 3) single-domain Ab (dAb)
DAD : 1) diffuse alveolar damage ; 2) delayed afterdepolarization
DAF : 1) decay accelerating factor ; 2) DNA amplification fingerprinting
DAG : sn-1,2-diacyl glycerol
DAGK : DAG kinase
DALS : discontinuous additional lung sound
DALY : disability-adjusted life years
DAMD : direct amplification of minisatellite-region DNA
DAMGO : [D-Ala2,N-MePhe4,Gly5-ol]enkephalin
DAMP : 3-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-3´-amino-N-methyldipropylamine
DAP : 1) death associated protein kinase ; 2) dacapo
DAPI : 4',6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole
DARC : Duffy Ag receptor for chemokines
DARPA : defense advanced research projects agency
DARPP : dopamine and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein
DASS : defined Ag substrate spheres
DAT : 1) dopamine transporter ; 2) direct antiglobulin test
DAX : Dsh andaxin (domain)
DB : 1) diagonal band of Broca ; 2) database
DBC : deleted in breast cancer
DBCL : diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma
DBD : DNA-binding domain
DBE : direct blotting electrophoresis
DBL : 1) double (dbl) ; 2) dibble (dbl) ; 3) Duffy-binding-like (protein)
DBP : 1) Duffy binding protein ; 2) DNA binding protein
DBRP : destruction box recognition protein
DC : 1) direct current (dc) ; 2) dendritic cell ; 3) dyskeratosis congenita
DCBE : double-contrast barium enema
DCCK : dendritic cell-derived C-C chemokine
DcR : decoy receptor
DC : 1) decarboxylase ; 2) dendritic cell
DCC : 1) deleted in colon carcinoma ; 2) dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
DCCT : diabetes control and complications trial
DCF : 2',7'-dihydrochlorofluorescein (diacetate)
DCFH-DA : 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate
DCM : dilated cardiomyopathy
DCP : diphencyprone
DCSIGN : DC-specific ICAM-3-grabbing non-integrin
DCT : distal convoluted tubule
DD : 1) death domain ; 2) dideoxy (dd) ; 3) distilled and deionized (dd) ; 4) donor DNA
DDAVP : 1-deamino-8-D-AVP
DDBJ : DNA data bank of Japan
DDC : 1) diethyldithiocarbamic acid ; 2) 2',3'-dideoxycitidine ; 3) DOPA decarboxylase
Dde : Desulfovibrio desulfuricans
ddF : dideoxy fingerprinting
DDGE : denaturing detergent gradient gel electrophoresis
DDI : 2',3'-dideoxyinosine
DDP : diamminedichloroplatinum
DDR : 1) discoidin domain receptor ; 2) DNA damage response
DDRT-PCR : differential display transcriptase-PCR
DDT : dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane
DEAE : diethylaminoethyl
DEANO : 2,2-diethyl-1-nitroso-oxyhydrazine sodium salt (DEA/NO)
DEC : diethylcarbamazine
DED : death effector domain
DEET : N,N'-diethylmetatoluamide
DEFRA : department for environment, food and rural affairs
DEFSN : defensin (domain)
DEG : 1) degree (deg) ; 2) degenerin
DEHD : Asp-Glu-His-Asp
DEJ : dermal-epidermal junction
DEM : discrete element method
DEN : diethyl nuitrosamine
DEP : 1) Dsh + Egl-10 + Pleckstrin (domain) ; 2) diethyl pyrocarbonate ; 3) diesel exhaust particle
DEPC : diethyl pyrocarbonate
DES : diethylstilbestrol
DETANONOATE : (Z)-1-[N-(2-aminoethyl)-N-(2-ammonioethyl)amino]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (DETA NONOate)
DETC : dendritic epidermal T cells
DEV : 1) duck embryo vaccine ; 2) develop, development (dev)
DEVD : Asp-Glu-Val-Asp
DEXA : dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry
df : degrees of freedom
DFF : DNA fragmentation factor
DFP : 1) diisopropyl fluorophosphate ; 2) DNA fingerprinting ; 3) 3-(2-propyloxy)-(4-methyl-sulphonylphenyl)-(5,5-dimethyl)-furanone
DFS : disease-free survival
DFSP : dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
DFT : density functional theory
DFW : deafwaddler
Dg : diagnosis
DGAT : acylCoA:diacylglycerol transferase
DGDG : digalattosyldiacylglycerol
DGGE : denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis
DGK : DAG kinase
DGLA : dihomo-GLA
DGR : 1) duodenogastric reflux ; 2) Drosophila melanogaster gustatory receptor
DH : 1) dehydrogenase ; 2) doubled haploids ; 3) Dbl-homology (domain) ; 4) DNase I hypersensitive (site)
DHA : 1) dihydroascorbate ; 2) dehydroepiandrosteron ; 3) docosahexanoic acid
DHAP : dihydroxyacetone phosphate
DHBAc : 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid
DHBAlc : 3,4-dihydroxybenzylalcohol
DHBAld : 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde
DHBAm : 3,4-dihydoxybenzylamine
DHEA : dehydroepiandrosterone
DHEA-S : DHEA sulphate
DHF : 1) dihydrofolate ; 2) dengue hemorrhagic fever
DHFR : dihydrofolate reductase
DHGLA : dihomo-GLA
Dhh : desert hedgehog
DHODH : dihydroorotate dehydrogenase
DHPLC : denaturing HPLC (DHPLC/dHPLC)
DHPR : dihydropyridine receptor
DHPS : dihydropteroate synthase
DHPy : 5,6-dihydropyrimidine
DHR : dihydrorhodamine
DHS : DNase I-hypersensitive site
DHT : 1) dihydrotachysterol ; 2) 5,6-dihydrothymine ; 3) dehydrotestosterone
DHU : 5,6-dihydrouracil
DI : 1) diabetes insipidus ; 2) defective interfering (RNA)
DIA : differentiation inhibiting activity
DIABLO : direct IAP-binding protein with low pI
diag : diagnosis
DIC : disseminate intravascular coagulation
DIDS : 4,4'-diisothiocyanato-stilbene-2,2'-disulfonate
DIF : differentiation-inducing factor
DIG : 1) digoxygenin ; 2) digoxin investigators group ; 3) detergent-insoluble glycolipid
DII : 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethyindolecarbocyanine perchlorate
dil : dilue (i.e. : diluite)
DIM : detergent-insoluble membrane
DIMBOA : 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one
DIOC6 : 3,3'-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide (DiOC6)
DIP : distal interphalangeal (joint)
Dip-F : diisopropyl fluorophosphate
DIRVISH : direct visual hybridation
dis : disease
DISC : 1) death inducing signaling complex ; 2) discontinue (disc) ; 3) disabled infectious single cycle
disch : discharge
DISIN : (homologues of snake) disin(tegrin)
DIT : diiodotyrosine
DKK : dickkopf
DKO : double knock out
DLB : dementia with Lewy body
DLBCL : diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
DLCL : diffuse large-cell lymphoma
DLD : dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase
DLG : discs large (Dlg)
DLI : donor lymphocyte infusion
DLN : draining lymph node
DLPC : 1,2-dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine
DLPFC : dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
DLT : maximal tolerated dose
DLV : delavirdine
DM : 1) double minute ; 2) doublesex DNA binding motif ; 3) distrophy myotonic ; 4) Drosophila melanogaster (Dm) ; 5) diabetes mellitus ; 6) dermatomyositis
DMA : deoxymugineic acid
DMAEMC : (poly-)dimethyl-ammonio ethyl methacrylate
DMARD : disease modifying anti-rheumatoid drug
DMC : DM chromosome
DMBA : 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene
DMD : 1) Duchenne muscular distrophy ; 2) differentially methylated domain
DMEC : dermal microvascular endothelial cells
DMEM : Dulbecco's modified Eagle's (or essential) medium
DMES : drug metabolizing enzyme system
DMF : N,N-dimethylformamide
DMFC : direct methanol fuel cell
DMN : dorsomedial nucleus
DMNV : dorsal motor nucleus of the vagal nerve
DMP : dentin matrix protein (Dmp)
DMPP : 1) dimethylphenylpiperazinium ; 2) dimethylallyl pyrophosphate
DMR : differentially methylated regions
DMRIE : 1,2-dimyristyloxypropyl-3-dimethyl-hydroxyethyl ammonium bromide
DMS : dimethylsulfate
DMSO : dimethyl sulfoxide
DMSPP : dimethylsulphoniopropionate
DMT : divalent metals transporter
DMTase : DNA MTase
DMTU : 1,3-dimethylthiourea
DN : 1) dominant negative (dn) ; 2) double-negative ; 3) number of nonsynonymous substitutions per site (dN)
DNA : deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA-PKcs : DNA-dependent protein kinase (catalytic subunit)
DNCB : dinitrochlorobenzene
DNFB : dinitrofluorobenzene
DNL : DNA liggase
DNMMA : NG-methyl-D-arginine (D-NMMA)
DNMT : DNA methyltransferase (Dnmt)
DNP : 2,4-dinitrophenyl
Dnp-F : FDNB
DNR : do not reanimate
DNS : 1) dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid ; 2) dansyl chloride
Dns-Cl : DNS
DNT : 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-naphtho-[1,2-d]thiazole
DOA : dead on arrival
DOB : date of birth
DOC : 1) sodium deoxycholate ; 2) desoxycorticosteron ; 3) deoxycholic acid
DOE : department of energy
DOGS : dioctadecylamidoglycylspermine
DOL : 1) dolichol (Dol) ; 2) dye-labelled oligonucleotide ligation
DOM : 1) dimethoxymethylamphetamine ; 2) dissolved organic matter
DOMA : 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid
DOPA : L-3,4-dihydroxyPhe
DOPAC : 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid
DOPE : dioleoyl phosphatidylethenolamine
DOPEG : 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylene
DOPGAL : 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycoaldehyde
DOP-PCR : degenerate oligonucleotide primed-PCR
DOPS : dihydroxyphenylserine
DOR : Drosophila melanogaster odour receptor
DOSPA : 2,3-dioleyloxy-N-[2(sperminecarboxamido)ethyl]-N-N-dimethyl-1-propanaminium trifluoroacetate
DOT : directly observed therapy
DOTMA : N[1-(2,3-dioleyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium chloride
DOTS : directly observed therapy, short course
DOXP : 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate
doz : dozen
DP : 1) death protein ; 2) degree of polymerization ; 3) D2 prostaglandin (receptor) ; 4) dipeptidyldipeptidase ; 5) double-positive
DPase : DNA polymerase
DPBS : Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline
DPC : 1) deleted in pancreatic carcinoma (locus) ; 2) DNA-protein crosslinking ; 3) days post coitum (dpc)
DPCC : dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine
DPD : dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase
DPE : 1) differential protein expression ; 2) downstream promoter element
DPG : diphosphatidylglycerol
DPI : 1) dry powder inhaler ; 2) diphenylene iodonium
Dpm : 1) 2,6-diaminopimelic acid ; 2) disintegrations per minute (dpm)
DPN : diphosphopyridine nucleotide
DPP : 1) decapentaplegic (dpp) ; 2) dentin phosphoprotein
DPPH : 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrythydrazyl
Dpr : 2,3-diaminopropionic acid
DPRLA : dentatus-rubro-pallidus-luysian atrophy
DPYD : dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase
DR : 1) death-inducing receptor ; 2) doctor (Dr.) ; 3) detection rate ; 43) dietary restriction
DRA : destructive rheumatoid arthritis
DRAK : DAP kinase-related apoptosis-inducing serine/threonine protein kinase
DRASIC : dorsal-root ASIC
DRB : 5,6-dichloro-1-b-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole
DRG : 1) diagnosis related group ; 2) dorsal root ganglion
DRI : dietary reference intake
DRIP : 1) defective ribosomal product (DRiP) ; 2) vitamin D receptor-interacting hormone
DRM : detergent-resistant membrane
dRP : deoxyribose 5'-phosphate
DRSP : drug-resistant Streptoccoccus pneumoniae
DS : 1) Down's syndrome ; 2) depolarization shift ; 3) number of synonymous substitutions per site (dS) ; 4) distribution shift
dsb : DNA double-strand breaks
DSCP : double strand conformation polymorphism
dsDNA : double-stranded DNA
DSFV : disulfide stabilized fragment variable (dsFv)
Dsh : Dishevelled
DSHEA : dietary supplement health and education act
DSIP : d-sleep inducing peptide
DSL : Delta serrate ligand
DSM : diagnostic and statistical manual
DSP : dentin sialoprotein
DSPc : dual specificity phosphatase, catalytic (domain)
DSRM : double-stranded RNA-binding motif
dsRNA : double-stranded RNA
DSS : dengue shock syndrome
DST : 1) donor-specific transfusion ; 2) donor splenocyte
DT50H : T50H in homoduplex - T50H in heteroduplex
DTAA : di-L-Trp-aminal-acetaldheide
DTD : datur talis dosis (i.e. : give of such a dose) (d.t.d.)
DTH : delayed type hypersensitivity
DTL : descending thin limb
DTNB : 3,3'-dithiobis(6-nitrobenzoic acid) or 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) or Ellmann's reagent
DTR : 1) direct terminal repeat ; 2) deep tendon reflexes
DTs : delirium tremens
DTT : dithiothreitol
DU : duodenal ulcer
DUB : de-ubiquitylating (enzyme)
DUF : domain of unknown function
DV : 1) dead volume ; 2) daily value
DVT : deep vein thrombosis
DW : dextrose and water (D/W)
Dx : diagnosis
DXPS : 1-deoxy-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase
DYNc : dynamin, catalytic (domain)
DZ : dizygotic (twins)
E : 1) eukaryotic (e) ; 2) endothelial (e) ; 3) embryonal day ; 4) early (protein) ; 5) reduction potential (E) ; 6) Glu ; 7) unknown amino acid a-C configuration (L or D) (x) ; 8) ectoplasmatic (face) ; 9) epithelial ; 10) entgegen (E) ; 11) elimination (reaction) ; 12) erythrocyte ; 13) electronic (e) ; 14) epinephrine ; 15) envelope (protein) ; 16) exa (i.e. 1018)
E1 : estrone
E2 : estradiol
E2F : E2 (adenoviral protein) factor
E3 : estriol
E6AP : E6 (adenoviral protein) -associated protein
EAA : excitatory amino acid
EAAT : EAA transporter
EAD : early afterdepolarization
EAE : experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
EAM : energy-absorbing material
EAMC : experimental autoimmune myocarditis
EAMG : experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis
EAR : 1) early allergic response ; 2) estimated average requirement
EAST : enteroaggregative E.coli heat-stable toxin
EAT : experimental autoimmune thyroiditis
EAU : experimental autoimmune uveitis
EB : 1) ethidium bromide ; 2) electroblotting ; 3) elementary body
EBDC : ethylenebisdithiocarbamate
EBF : early B cell factor
EBI : European Bioinformatics Institute
EBL : 1) European bat lyssavirus ; 2) estimated blood loss
EBM : evidence based medicine
EBNA : EBV nuclear Ag
EBV : Epstein-Barr virus
EC : 1) enzyme committee (or commission) (number) ; 2) endothelial cell ; 3) electrochromatography ; 4) embryonal carcinoma (cell) ; 5) enterochromaffin ; 6) epicatechin ; 7) European communities
EC50 : effective concentration median
ECA : 1) eosinophil chemoattractant ; 2) endobacteric common Ag
ECC : emergency cardiac care
ECD : extracellular domain
ECF : extracellular fluid
ECF-A : eosinophilic chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis
ECFP : enhanced cyan fluorescent protein
ECFV : extracellular fluid volume
ECG : 1) electrocardiogram ; 2) epicatechin gallate
ECGF : endothelial cell GF
Echoviridae : enteric cytopathogenic human orphan viruses
ECL : 1) enhanced chemiluminescence ; 2) enterochromaffin-like (cell)
ECM : extracellular matrix
ECMO : extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
ECMP : ECM protein
ECMV : encephalomyocarditis virus
Eco : Escherichia coli
ECP : eosinophil cationic protein
ECR : extended chromosome region
ECSIT : evolutionarily conserved intermediate in Toll pathways
ECT : electroconvulsive therapy
EDA : ectodysplasin A
ED50 : effective dose median
EDCF : endothelium-derived contracting factor
EDG : endothelial differentiation gene(-encoded)
EDHF : endotheluim-derived hyperpolarizing factor
EDL : extensor digitorum longus
EDN : eosinophil derived neurotoxin
EDOM : electronic dissolution of memory
EDRF : endothelium-derived relaxing factor
EDS : excessive daytime somnolence
EDTA : ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
EE : 1) electroelution ; 2) early endosome
EEA : early endosome antigen
EEC : European economic community
EEE : Eastern equine encephalitis (virus)
EEG : electroencephalogram
EENT : ears, eyes, nose and throat
EEO : electroendosmosis
EES : erythromycin ethylsuccinate
EEV : extracellular enveloped virion
EF : elongation factor
EFh : EF-hand (motif: from the parvalbumin E & F helices)
EFIC : episcopic fluorescence image capturing
EFS : event-free survial
EG : 1) exempli gratia (i.e. : example given) (e.g.) ; 2) embryonic germ (cell)
EGC : 1) epigallocatechin ; 2) early gastric cancer
EGCL : external granular cell layer
EGCG : epigallocatechin gallate
EGF : epidermal GF (domain)
EGF_CA : Ca2+-binding EGF-like (domain)
EGFP : enhanced GFP
EGL : external germinal layer
EGR : early growth response (Egr)
EGTA : 1) esophageal gastric tube airway ; 2) ethylene glycol-bis(b-aminoethylether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid
EG-VEGF : endocrine gland-derived VEGF
EH : Eps15 homology (domain)
EHAA : Eagle's Hanks' amino acids
EI : erythaema infectiosum
EIA : enzyme immunoassay
EIAV : equine infectious anemia virus
EIB : exercise-induced bronchoconstriction
EICAR : 5-ethynyl-1-b-D-ribofuranosylimidazole-4-carboxamide
EICE : ETS/IRF composite element
EID : 1) electroimmunodiffusion ; 2) egg-infective dose
EIR : entomological inoculation rate
EIRE : ETS/IRF response element
EIU : electronic interface unit
EJC : exon-junction complex
EKC : electrokinetic chromatography
EKG : electrokardiogram (German)
EL : electroluminescence
ELAM : endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule
ELC : 1) EBV-induced molecule-1 ligand chemokine ; 2) Ebl-1-ligand chemokine
EL-CSC : end-ligation coincident sequence cloning
ELF : 1) extremely low frequency
ELG : extracellular ligand-gated (Cl- channel)
ELK : Ets-like (TF)
ELISA : enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
ELISPOT : enzyme-linked immunospot
ELP : electromagnetic pulse
ELSI : ethical, legal and social issues
ELU : extra-label use
EM : 1) enriched medium ; 2) electron microscopy (E.M./EM) ; 3) extracellular medium ; 4) effective microorganism
EMA : 1) epithelial membrane Ag ; 2) endomysial antibodies ; 3) equilibrium modified atmosphere
EMAP : endothelial-monocyte-activating polypeptide
EMB : ethambutol
EMBL : European molecular biology laboratories
EMCV : encephalomyocarditis virus
EMD : electromechanical dissociation
emerg : emergency
EMF : 1) electromagnetic field ; 2) electromotivce force (emf)
EMG : electromyogram
EMMPRIN : extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer
EMP : Embden-Meyerhoff-Parnas (pathway)
EMS : 1) ethylmethansulphonate ; 2) eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome ; 3) emergency medical system
EMSA : electrophoretic mobility shift assay
EMT : emergency technician
EMTM : Evans’ modified Tobie’s medium
ENA : epithelial-cell-derived neutrophil-activating (protein)
ENaC : epithelial Na+ channel
ENAP : endothelial cell neutrophil-activating peptide
END : endothelin (domain)
Endo H : endoglycosidase H
ENDOR : electron nuclear double resonance
ENS : enteric nervous system
ENSO : El Nino/Southern oscillation
ENT : 1) enantio- (ent-) ; 2) ears, nose and throat
ENTH : epsin N-terminal homology (domain)
ENU : ethylnitrosourea
Eo : eosinophilic
EOA : esophageal obturator airway
EOF : electroosmotic flow
EOM : extra-ocular muscle
EP : 1) endorphin ; 2) E2 prostaglandin receptor
EPA : 1) eicosapentaenoic acid ; 2) environmental protection agency ; 3) esopago-pharyngeal airway
EPC : endothelial progenitor cell
EpCAM : epithelial cell adhesion molecule
EPCR : endothelial-cell protein-C receptor
EPDRF : epithelium-derived relaxing factor (EpDRF)
EPEC : enteropathogenic Escherichia coli
Eph : ephrin
EPI : epinephrine
epith : epithelial
EPN : eicosapentanoic acid
EPO : 1) erytropoietin (Epo) ; 2) European patent office ; 3) eosinophil peroxidase
EPP : erythropoietic protoporphyria
EPR : 1) electron paramagnetic resonance ; 2) early phase reaction ; 3) enhanced permeability and retention
EPS : EGFR pathway substrate
EPSP : 1) 5 enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate ; 2) excitatory post-synaptic potential
EPSPS : EPSP synthase
eq(uiv.) : equivalent (Eq/eq/equiv.)
ER : 1) endoplasmic reticulum ; 2) estrogen receptor ; 3) emergency room (ER / E.R.) ; 4) early reaction
ERAD : endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation
Erb : er(ythro)b(lastosis)
ERC : extrachromosomal rDNA circle
ERCC : excision-repair cross-complementing
ERCP : endoscopic retrograde colangiopancreatography
ERD : estrogen receptor (ligand-binding) domain
ERDM : erythromycin-N-demethylase
ERE : estrogen RE
ERG : electroretinogram
ERGIC : ER-Golgi intermediate compartment
ERK : extracellular regulated (or extracellular signal-related) kinase
ERM : 1) Ets-related molecule ; 2) esrin, radixin and moesin (family)
EROD : 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase
ERP : effective refractory period
ERV : expiratory reserve volume
ES : 1) embryonic stem (cell) ; 2) evolutionarily stable; 3) expression site
ESAT : early secreted antigenic target
ESB : electronic stimulation of the brain
ESCC : esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
ESCS : enhanced S-cone syndrome
ESE : exonic splicing enhancer
ESI : electrospray ionization
ESI-FTMS : ESI Fourier-transform mass spectroscopy
ESI-MS : ESI mass spectroscopy
ESkine : embryonic stem cell chemokine
esp : 1) enhanced susceptibility to pathogen ; 2) especially
ESR : 1) erythrosedimentation rate ; 2) electron spin resonance
ESRD : end-stage renal disease
ESS : 1) Epworth sleepiness scale 2) exonic splicing silencer
EST : 1) expressed sequence tag ; 2) estimate, estimation (est)
ET : 1) ehtyl (Et-) ; 2) embryo transfer ; 3) energy transfer ; 4) and (et) ; 5) endothelin ; 6) effector/target ratio (E/T ; E:T)
et al. : et alii (i.e. : and others)
EtBr : ethidium bromide
ETC : 1) extraterrestrial civilization ; 2) et cetera (i.e. : and so on, and so forth, and others) (etc.) ; 3) esophago-tracheal combitube
ETCO2 : end-tidal CO2
ETFP : electron transfer flavoprotein
ETLP : electron transport level phosphorylation
EtOH : ethanol
ETO : 1) etoposide ; 2) eight-twenty-one
ETP : electron transport phosphorylation
ETS : 1) e(ry)t(hroblastosi)s (ETS/ets) ; 2) environmental tobacco smoke ; 3) electron transport system
ETT : exercise treadmill time
ETU : ethylenethiourea
EU : european union
EUA : examination under anaesthesia
EV : epidermodysplasia verruciformis
EVG : expression-verified gene
EVH : Enabled / Vasp homology
exa : 1018
EXAFS : extended X-ray absorption fine structure
EXP : 1) experiment(al) (Exp./ exp) ; 2) exponential (exp.)
EYFP : enhanced yellow fluorescent protein
EYL : Earle’s yeast lactalbumin (balanced salt solution)
F : 1) Faraday constant (F) ; 2) fructose ; 3) formyl (f) ; 4) Phe ; 5) fertility (factor) ; 6) femto (f) ; 7) filamentous ; 8) coefficient of inbreeding ; 9) fertility (factor) ; 10) filial (generation) ; 11) fragment (f) ; 12) mitochondrial (H+ ATPase) ; 13) Fahrenheit (degree) (°F) ; 14) variance ratio (F) ; 15) farad (unit) ; 16) factor (of coagulation) ; 17) female ; 18) fungal (f) ; 19) dihedral angle of rotation around the N-aC bond in a peptide unit (f) ; 20) family ; 21) (nosographic or diagnostic) sensitivity (f) ; 22) fusion (protein) ; 23) flux (f) ; 24 aceton (f)
FA : Fanconi anemia
FA58C : coagulation factor 5/8 C-terminal (domain)
FAAH : fatty acid aminohydrolase
FAB : 1) fragment Ag-binding (Fab) ; 2) fast atomic bombardment ; 3) French-American-British (classification)
FABP : fatty acid binding protein
FACS : fluorescence-activated cell (chromosome) sorter (FACS
FAD : 1) flavin-adenine dinucleotide ; 2) familial AD
FADD : Fas-associated death domain
FAE : follicle-associated epithelium
FAF : 1) fatty acid free ; 2) Fas associated factor
FAH : fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase
FAICAR : N-formylaminoimidazhole 4-carboxyamide ribonucleotide
FAK : focal adhesion kinase
FALS : 1) forward angle light scatter ; 2) familial ALS
FAM : 6-carboxyfluorescein
FAME : fatty acid modifying enzyme
FAN : factor associated with neutral sphingomyelinase (activation)
FANA : fluorescent anti-nuclear antibody
FANC : Fanconi anaemia complementation group
FANCY : functional analysis by co-responses in yeast
FANFT : (N-[4,5-nitro-2-furyl]-2-thiazole) formamide
FAP : 1) Fas-associated phosphatase ; 2) familial adenomatous polyposis ; 3) familial amyloid polyneuropathy; 4) first aid point
Fapy : 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-N-methylformamidopyrimidine
FAQ : frequently asked question
FARCE : freezing at the reactive centres of enzyme
FAS : 1) FS7 (foreskin cell strain) associated sAg (Fas) ; 2) fatty-acid synthase
FASL : Fas ligand (FASL/FasL)
FAT : 1) fluorescent Ab test ; 2) factor acetyltransferase ; 3) focal-adhesion-targeting (sequence)
FATP : fatty acid transporter
FAU : 2'-fluoro-2'-deoxy-1-b-D-arabinofuranosyl-uracil
FAVN : fluorescent Ab virus neutralisation
FB : foreign body
FBBG : filamentous brush border glycocalyx
FBJVMSV : Finkel-Biskis-Jinkins murine sarcoma virus
FBP : 1) folate-binding protein ; 2) fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
FBS : 1) foetal bovine serum ; 2) fasting blood sugar
Fc : fragment crystallizable
FCCP : trifluorocarbonylcyanide phenylhydrazone
FCHL : familial combined hyperlipidemia
FCK : fetal calf kidney (cell)
FCM : flow cytofluorometry
FCR : 1) fractional catabolic rate ; 2) Fc receptor
FCS : 1) fluorescence correlation spectroscopy ; 2) foetal calf serum
FCV : famciclovir
FD : 1) ferredoxin (Fd) ; 2) fatal dose
FDA : food and drug administration
FDAMA : FDA modernization act
FDAT : fluorescence-based DNA analysis technology
FDC : follicular dendritic cell
FDCA : food, drug and cosmetics act
FDCM : familial DCM
FDCSP : FDC secreted protein (FDC-SP)
FDG : 18F-2-deoxyglucose
FD-MS : field desorption mass spectroscopy
FDNB : 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene
FDR : functional divergence ratio
FdUMP : 5-fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate
FdUrd : 5-fluorodeoxyuridine
FEA : finite element analysis
FECH : ferrochelatase
FEF : forced expiratory flow
FEL : free electron laser
FeLV : feline leukemia virus
femto : 10-15
FEN : flap-structure endonuclease
FEV : forced expiration volume
FEV1 : FEV during the first second
FEX : fexofenadine
FF : 1) father's father ; 2) following (ff)
FFA : free fatty acid
FFE : free flow electrophoresis
FFF . field flow (or force) fractionation
FFI : fatal familial insomnia
FFID : fission-fragment-induced desorption
FFQ : food frequency questionnaire
FG : fibrinogen
FGAM : formylglycinamidin ribonucleotide
FGAR : formylglycinamide ribonucleotide
FGF : fibroblast growth factor
FH : 1) familial hypercholesterolaemia ; 2) Forkhead (domain) ; 3) family history
FHA : 1) Forkhead associated (domain) ; 2) filamentous haemagglutinin
FHF : familial hibernian fever
FHL : familial haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
FI : 1) formalin-inactivated ; 2) fermi (Fi) (= fm)
FIC : 1) fibroblast-induced cytokine ; 2) fractional inhibitory concentration
FIF : forced inspiratory flow
FIGE : field inversion gel electrophoresis
FI-MS : field ionization mass spectroscopy
FIP : facultative intracellular parasite
FISH : fluorescence ISH
FITC : fluorescein isothiocyanate
FITS : flexible image transport system
FIV : feline immunodeficiency virus
FIVET . fertilization in vitro and embryo transfer
FIZZ : found in inflammatory zone
FJB : Fluoro-Jade B
FKBP : FK506 BP
FKHR : Forkhead in rhabdomyosarcoma
FL : 1) fetal liver (cell) (FL) ; 2) fluid (fl) ; 3) full length
FLAG : fluorescein angiography
FLAME : FADD-like anti-apoptotic molecule
FLAP : 5-lipoxygenase activating protein
FLASH : FLICE-associated huge protein
FLC : fetal liver chimera
Flg : Fms-like gene
FLICE. : FADD-like ICE
FLIP : FLICE inhibitory protein
FLK : fetal lamb kidney (cells)
FLpter : fraction of lenght form p ter
FLS : 1) fibroblast-like synoviocyte ; 2) fibrous long-spaced (collagen)
FM : 1) father's mother ; 2) 2'-O-methylpseudouridine (fm) ; 3) frequency-modulated
FMD : foot and mouth disease
FMDII : methylbenzamido-1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindo-dicarbocyanine (FM-DiI)
FMDV : FMD virus
FMF : familial Mediterranean fever
FMK : O-methyl-fluoromethylketone (fmk)
FML : fluorometholone
FMLP (or fMLP) : formylMet-Leu-Phe
FMN : flavin mononucleotide
FMOC : 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (F-moc)
FMP : factor motility protein
FMR : Fiend/Moloney/Rauscher
FMRFamide : H-Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH2
fMRI : functional MRI
FMT : fluorescence-mediated tomography
FMTC : familial medullary thyroid carcinoma
FN : fibronectin (domain) (Fn)
FNA : funaltrexamine
FNR : 1) fumarate nitrate reduction (Fnr) ; 2) ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase
FOBT : fecal occult blood test
FOG : friend of GATA
FOLN : follistatin-NTD-like
FOMT : flavanone 7-O-methyltransferase
For : formyl
Fos : f(eline) os(teosarcoma)
FP : 1) fluorescence polarization ; 2) freezing point (f.p.) ; 3) F2a prostaglandin (receptor) ; 4) forward primer (fp)
FPA : 1) fluorescence polarisation assay ; 2) Ferguson plot analysis
FPB : flexor pollicis brevis (muscle)
FPERT : formamide PERT
FPLC : fast protein liquid chromatography
FPP : 1) farnesyl pyrophosphate ; 2) fresh plama pool
FPR : 1) N-formyl peptide receptor ; 2) false positive ratio
FPRL : N-formyl peptide receptor-like
FR : framework region
frac : fracture
frag : fragment
FRAP : 1) FKBP-rapamycin-associated protein ; 2) fluorescence recovery after photobleaching
FRAXA : fragile X syndrome
FRB : FRAP rapamycin binding domain
FRC : functional residual capacity
freq : freequency, frequent
FRET : fluorescence resonance energy transfer
FRI : 1) frizzled (domain) ; 2) fluorescence reflectance imaging
FrMLV : Friend murine leukemia virus
FRP : frizzled receptor-like protein
FRR : familial relative risk
FRS : FGF receptor stimulated
Fru : fructose
FS : fractional shortening
FSA : food standard agency
FSC : forward (light) scatter (analysis)
FSE : field stop electrophoresis
FSF : fibrin stabilizing factor
FSH : follicle stimulating hormone
FSHD : fascio-scapolo-homeral distrophy
FSV : 1) Fujinami sarcoma virus ; 2) feline syncytial virus
FT : 1) freezing and thawing (F/T) ; 2) foot (unit) (ft(.))
FT4 : free T4
FTIC MS : Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry
FT-MS : Fourier transform mass spectroscopy
FTOC : fetal thymic organ culture
FTV : fortovase
FU : 1) fused (Fu) ; 2) furin-like repeats
Fuc : fucose
FUCT : fucosyltransferase (FucT)
FUO : fever of undetermined origin
FUra : 5-fluorouracil
Fv : fragment variable
FVC : forced vital capacity
FW: formula weight
FX : 1) fracture (Fx) ; 2) fornix
FXR : farnesol X receptor
FYB : FYN binding protein
FYVE : Fab-1, YGL023 (YOTB), Vps27 (Vac1) and EEA1 (domain)
Fz : frizzled
G : 1) genomic (g); 2) Gibbs free energy (G) ; 3) guanine ; 4) glucose ; 5) glyceraldehyde ; 6) glutathione ; 7) Gly ; 8) gap (phase) ; 9) giga ; 10) granulocyte ; 11) globular ; 12) Giemsa (staining) ; 13) relative centrifugal force (g) ; 14) gram (g) ; 15) glycoprotein (G/g)
GA : 1) glatiramer acetate ; 2) gibberellin
GAB : Grb2-associated binder (Gab)
GABA : g-aminobutyric acid
GABARAP : GABAA receptor associated protein
GAC : granular activated carbon (filter)
GAD : glutamic acid decarboxylase
GADD : growth arrest and DNA damage
GAF : IFNg-activating factor
GAFeSV : Gardner-Arnstein feline sarcoma virus
GAFS : gated autofluorescence/forward scatter
GAG : glycosaminoglycan
GAL : 1) galactose (Gal) : 2) gallon (gal)
GALC : galactocerebrosidase-a
GALV : gibbon ape leukemia virus (GALV / GaLV)
GalN : galactosamine
GalNAc : N-acetylgalactosamine
gal q : b-D-galactosylqueuosine
GALT : gut-associated lymphoid tissue
GAM : goat anti-mouse (Ig)
GAP : 1) GTPase activating protein ; 2) glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
GAPDH : glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
GAR : glycinamide ribonucleotide
GARGG : goat anti-rabbit g-globulin
GARP : glutamic acid-rich protein
GAS : 1) IFNg-activating sequence ; 2) growth arrest specific (protein 2 domain) ; 3) general adaptation syndrome ; 4) group A Streptococcus
GAT : gene augmentation therapy
GATE : Golgi-associated ATPase enhancer
GATT : gene amplification with transcription/translation
GAVI : global alliance for vaccines and immunizations
GAWTS : genomic amplificatioin with transcript sequencing
GB : galbladder
GBA : genetic bit analysis
GBH : g-hydroxybutyrate
GBL : Glc-binding lectine
GBM : glomerular basement membrane
GBS : group B Streptococcus
GC : 1) germinal center ; 2) gas chromatography ; 3) gallocatechin ; 4) guanylate cyclase ; 5) glucocorticoid ; 6) (cerebellar) granule cell
GCA : giant cell arteritis
GCAP : guanylate cyclase-activating protein
GCDC : germinal center dendritic cell
GCF : gingival crevicular fluid
GCK : germinal center kinase
GCN : general control of amino acid biosynthesis
GCP : 1) good clinical practice ; 2) granulocyte chemotactic protein
GCS : Glasgow coma scale
GCV : gancyclovir
GD : Graves' disease
GDEPT : gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy
GDF : 1) growth/differentiation factor ; 2) GDI-displacement factor
GDI : GDP-dissociation inhibitor
GDNF : glial-derived neurotrophic factor
GDP : 1) guanosine 5'-diphosphate ; 2) gross domestic product
gdPCR : gene dosage PCR
GDS : GDP-dissociation (displacement) stimulator
GE : 1) genetically engineered ; 2) gel electroporesis ; 3) genome equivalent ; 4) general electric (company)
GEC : glomerular epithelial cell
GED : GTPase effector domain
GEF : GDP/GTP exchange factor
GEFS : generazlied epilepsy with febrile seizures
GEL : gelsolin homology domain
GEM : glycolipid-enriched microdomain
GERD : gastroesophageal reflux disease
GERL : Golgi-endoplasmic reticulum-lysosome
GF : 1) germ-free ; 2) growth factor
GFAP : glial fibrillary acidic protein
GFAT : Gln:Fru-6-P amidotransferase
GFP : green-fluorescent protein
GFR : glomerular filtration rate
GGL : G-protein g subunit-like motif
GG-NER : global-genome NER
g-GT : g-glutamyl transferase (or transpeptidase)
GH : 1) growth hormone ; 2) general hospital
GHA : glycoprotein hormone a chain homologues
GHB : glycoprotein hormone b chain homologues
GHRH : GH releasing hormone
GHRP : GH-releasing peptide
GHS : GH secretagogue
GI : gastrointestinal
GIF : GH-release inhibiting factor
giga : 109
GIGO : garbage in, garbage out
GILT : IFNg-inducible lysosomal thiol reductase
GIP : gastric inhibitory peptide
GIPL : glycoinositolphospholipid
GISA : glycopeptide-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus
GISH : genomic ISH
GIST : gastrointestinal stromal tumour
GIT : 1) gastro-intestinal tract ; 2) growth inhibition test ; 3) GRK interactor
GITR : glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor family-related gene
GJIC : gap junctional intracellular communication
GK : glucokinase
GKLF : gut-enriched Kruppel-like factor
GL : germline
GLA : 1) 4- or g-carboxyGlu (-containing domain) (Gla) ; 2) g-linolenic acid
GLC : 1) gas-liquid chromatography ; 2) glucose (Glc)
GlcA : gluconic acid
GlcN : glucosamine
GlcNAc : N-acetylglucosamine
GlcUA . glucuronic acid
GLD : globoid cell leukodystrophy
GLECT : galectin (domain)
GLH : growth and lactogenic hormones
GLI : glioma
Gln : glutamine
GLP : 1) 5-oxoPro or piroGlu (Glp) ; 2) good laboratory practice ; 3) glucagon-like peptide
Glu : 1) glutamic acid ; 2) glucose (GLU)
GLUD : Glu dehydrogenase
GLUT : Glc transporter
Glx : Glu or Gln or Gla or Glp
Gly : glycine
GM : 1) genetically modified ; 2) gram (gm) ; 3) 2'-O-methylguanosine ; 4) gentamycin ; 5) gene modified
GMA : glycol methacrylate
GMC : ganglion mother cell
GM-CSF : granulocyte and monocyte CSF
GMF : genetically modified food
GMO : genetically modified organism
GMP : 1) guanosine 5'-monophosphate ; 2) granule membrane protein ; 2) good manufacturing practice ; 4) granulocyte-monocyte progenitor
GMS : genomic mismatch scanning
GN : glomerulonephritis
GNAT : Gcn5-related N-acetyltransferase
GNBP : guanine nucleotide-binding protein
GnRF : gonadotropin releasing factor
GnRH : gonadotropin releasing hormone
GNRP : G nucleotide releasing protein
GNTI : 5'-guanidino naltrindole
GO : 1) Graves' ophtalmopathy ; 2) gene ontology
GOD : generator of diversity
GOF : gain-of-function
GOLD : global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease
GORD : gastro oesophageal reflux disease
GOT : Glu-OAA trassaminase
GP : 1) glycoprotein (GP / gp) ; 2) glycophorin ; 3) general practitioner
GPAT : genetic prodrug activation therapy
GPC : glycoprotein complex
GPCOV : guinea pig type C oncovirus
GPCR : G-protein coupled receptor
GPI : glycosyl-PI (anchor or linkage)
GPP : geranyl pyrophosphate
GPR : G-protein-coupled receptor
GPS : GPCR proteolytic site (domain)
GPT : Glu-Pyr transaminase
GPX : glutathione peroxidase
GR : glucocorticoid receptor
GRAN : granulin
Granzyme : gran(ule en)zyme
GRAS : generally recognized as safe
Grb : GF receptor-bound
GRE : glucocorticoid RE
GRF : 1) GH-releasing factor ; 2) guanine nucleotide releasing factor
GRH : GH-releasing hormone
GRIP : 1) glucocorticoid receptor interacting protein ; 2) Glu receptor interacting protein
GRK : GPC R kinase
gRNA : guide RNA
GRO : growth-related oncogene
GRP : gastrin reasing peptide
GRPP : glucagon gene-related polypeptide
GRR : IFN-g response region
Grx : glutaredoxin
GS : 1) glutamine synthetase ; 2) genomic selection
GSC : germline stem cell
GSD : glycogen storage disease
GSK : glycogen synthase kinase
GSH : reduced (-SH) glutathione
GSL : glycosphingolipid
GSNO : S-nitrosoglutathione
GSS : 1) Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker (syndrome) ; 2) genome survey sequence
GSSG : oxidized (-S-S-) glutathione
GST : glutathione S-transferase
GT : 1) galactosyl transferase ; 2) gutta (i.e. : drop) (gt)
GTA : 1) general transcription apparatus ; 2) gene transfer agent
GTAC : gene therapy advisory committee
GTD : Graves' thyroid disease
GTE : glucose-Tris-EDTA (buffer)
GTEC : green tea epicatechin compounds
GTL : G-banded chromosomes using trypsin and Leishman's stain
GTP : 1) guanosine triphosphate ; 2) green tea polyphenol
gtt : guttae (i.e. : drops)
GU : genitourinary
GUD : genital ulcer disease
GuKc : guanilate kinase homologues
GUS : b-glucuronidase
GUT : grand unified theories
GVHD : graft-versus-host disease
GVHR : graft-versus-host reaction
GVL : graft-versus-leukaemia
GVM : 1) graft-versus-malignancy ; 2) graft-versus-myeloma
GVT : graft-versus-tumour
G/W : glucose and water
Gy : gray (unit)
Gyr : DNA gyrase
H : 1) human (H/h) ; 2) hormone; 3) histone ; 4) hour (H/h) ; 5) Planck's constant (h) ; 6) His ; 7) helper (h) ; 8) hybrid ds ; 9) entalphy (H) ; 10) heavy ; 11) horizontal limb of ; 12) dose equivalent (H) ; 13) follows G in the alphabet (i.e. : A or C or T in base codes) ; 14) haemagglutinin serotype
HA : 1) haemagglutinin ; 2) heteroduplex analysis ; 3) hyaluronic acid
HAART : highly active antiretroviral therapy
HAC : human artificial chromosome
HACEK : Haemophilus spp., Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella spp., Kingella kingae
HAD : 1) HIV-1-associated dementia ; 2) haemadsorption
Hae : Haemophilus aegyptius
HALZ : homeobox associated LZ
HAM : HTLV-1-associated myelopathy
HAMA : human anti-murine antibody
HAMP : His kinases, adenylyl cyclases, methyl binding proteins, phosphatases (domain)
HaMSV : Harvey murine sarcoma virus
HANE : hereditary angioneurotic edema
HAP : hydroxyapatite
HAPPY : haploid amounts of DNA by the polymerase chain reaction
HAS : hyaluronic acid synthase
HAT : 1) histone acetyltransferase ; 2) hypoxanthine, aminopterin, thymidine (medium)
HAU : hemagglutinating unit
HAV : hepatitis A virus
HAVR : HAV receptor
Hb : hemoglobin
HBD : 1) hormone binding domain ; 2) has been drinking
HBEC : human bronchial epithelial cell
HBI : hsp-binding immunophilin
HBIg : hepatitis B Ig
HBMI : hybrid brain-machine interface
HBO : hyperbaric oxygen
HBP : high blood pressure
HBS : HEPES-buffered saline
HBSS : Hanks’ balanced salt solution
HBV : hepatitis B virus
HC : 1) hairy cell ; 2) hippocampus ; 3) hepatocellular carcinoma ; 4) hemorrhagic colitis
HCA : hydrophobic cluster analysis
HCC : 1) haemofiltrate CC chemokine ; 2) hepatocellular carcinoma
HCF : human chromosome fragment (hCF)
hCG : human chorionic gonadotropin
HCI : haem (heme)-controlled inhibitor
HCM : hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
HCMV : human cytomegalovirus
HCN : hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated K+ channel
HCP : hematopoietic cell phosphatase
HCR : 1) hypoxic cell cytotoxicity ratio ; 2) haem-controlled repressor (heme-regulated eIF-2a kinase)
hCS : human chorionic somatomammotropin
HCT : 1) hematopoietic cell transplantation ; 2) hematocrit
HCV : 1) hepatitis C virus ; 2) human calicivirus
HCW : Hb concentration width
Hcy : homocysteine
HD : 1) histone deacetylase ; 2) Huntington's disease ; 3) hora decubitus (i.e. : at hour of lying down at bedtime) (h.d.) ; 4) heterodimer ; 5) Hodgkin's disease
HDAC : histone deacetylase
HDC : histidine decarboxylase
HDEL : His-Asp-Glu-Leu
HDF : human diploid fibroblast
HDGF : hypothalamus-derived GF
HDL : 1) high-density lipoprotein ; 2) Huntington's disease-like
HDL-C : HDL-cholesterol
HDM : house dust mite
HDMEC : human dermal microvascular endothelial cell
HDN : hemolytic disease of the newborn
HDR : high-dose/refuge
HDRP : HD-related protein
HDV : hepatitis delta virus
HE : 1) hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) ; 2) effective dose equivalent (HE) ; 3) haemagglutinin esterase ; 4) hydroxyethidine
HEC : 1) human engineered chromosome ; 2) hydroxyethyl cellulose
HECT : homologous to the E6-AP carboxyl terminus (domain)
HEDID : hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency (HED-ID)
HEK : human embryonic kidney (cell)
HEL : hen egg lysozyme
HeLa : Henrietta Lacks (' cell line)
HEMA : 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate
Hepadnavirus : hepatitis DNA virus
HEPE : hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid
HEPES : N(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N'-(2-ethanesulphonic acid) (buffer)
HER : heregulin
HERV : human endogenous retrovirus
HET : heterozygosity
HETE : hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid
HETP : height equivalent to a theoretical plate
HEU : highly enriched uranium
HEV : 1) high endothelial venule ; 2) hepatitis E virus
HF : 1) high frequency (hf) ; 2) hemorrhagic fever ; 3) hypoxic fraction ; 4) human foreskin fibroblast
HFEA : human fertilization and embriology authority
Hfr : high frequency of recombination
hfs : hyperfine structure
HFT . high frequency of transduction
HFV : 1) hepatitis F virus ; 2) human foamy virus
HGB : hemoglobin (concentration)
HGDP : human genome diversity project
HGE : human granulocytic ehrlichiosis
HGF : 1) hepatocyte GF ; 2) hereditary gingival fibromatosis
hGH : human GH
HGM: human gene mapping
HGP : human genome project
HGPRT : hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase
HGS : Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome
HGV : hepatitis G virus
Hha : Haemophilus haemolyticus
HH : hedgehog (Hh)
HhH : helix-hairpin-helix (motif)
HHPA : 12-O-hexadecanoyl-16-hydroxyphorbol-13-acetate
HHV : human herpesvirus
HI : 1) haemagglutination inhibition ; 2) hippocampus ; 3) hypoxic-ischemic
Hib : Haemophilus influenzae type b
HIC : 1) hypermethylated in cancer ; 2) hydrophobic interaction chromatography
HIF : hypoxia-inducible TF
HIFBS : heat-inactivated FBS
HIID : heavy-ion-induced desorption
Hil : highly inappropriate legislation
HIM : 1) hemopoietic inducing microenvironment ; 2) X-linked hyper IgM (syndrome)
Hind : Haemophilus influenzae Rd
Hint : h(edgehog) int(ein) domain
HIOMT : hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase
HIPAA : health insurance portability and countability act
HIS : 1) heat-inactivated (human) serum; 2) histidine (His)
HISF : heat-inactivated seminal fluid (HI-SF)
HisKc : His kinase (domain)
HIV : human immunodeficiency virus
HIVE : HIV-1 encephalitis
HK : histone kinase
HKLM : heat-killed Listeria monocytogenes
Hkp : house-keeping protein
HL : 1) hepatic lipase ; 2) haemolysin
HLA : human leukocyte Ag
HLE : human leukocyte elastase
HLH : helix-loop-helix (motif)
HLHS : hypoplastic left heart syndrome
HLPS : human lymphoproliferative syndrome
HLS : Huntingdon life sciences (Co.)
HLV : hop latent viroid
HMC : human mast cell (line)
HMDM : human monocyte-derived macrophage
HMEC : human microvascular endothelial cell
HMG : 1) high mobility group ; 2) b-hydroxy-b-methyl-glutaryl
HMGR : HMG-CoA reductase
HML : human mucosal lymphocyte Ag
HMM : 1) hexamethylmelamine ; 2) heavy meromyosin ; 3) hidden Markov model
HMPV : human meta-pneumovirus (hMPV)
HMrBN : high Mr basic nuclear protein
HMSC : human mesenchymal stem cell
HMS-PCI : high-throughput mass spectrometric protein complex identification
HMTase : histone MTase
HMWC : high molecular weight component
HMWK : high molecular weight kininogen
HN : 1) heterogeneous nuclear ; 2) haemagglutinin and neuraminidase
HNF : hepatocyte nuclear factor
HNL : human neutrophil lipocalin
HNPCC : hereditary non polyposis colorectal cancer
HNPP : hereditary neuropathy with pressure paralysis
HO : 1) heme oxygenase ; 2) homothallic switching
HODE : hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid
HOMO : 1) highest occupied molecular orbital ; 2) compound with one more methylene group (homo-)
HormR : hormone receptor (domain)
HOS : high oxygen submersion
hosp : hospital
HP : 1) Helicobacter pylori ; 2) haptoglobin ; 3) heterochromatin protein ; 4) hypersensitivity pneumonia
HPA : 1) Haemophilus parainfluenzae (Hpa) ; 2) Helix pomatia agglutinin ; 3) hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (axis)
HPB : health protection branch
HPC : hemopoietic progenitor cell
HPCE : high performance capillary electrophoresis
HPE : hybrid polymer electrolyte
HPETE : hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid
HPF : high-power field (hpf / HPF)
HPFH : hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin
HPI : history of present illness
HPK : hematopoietic progenitor kinase
hPL : human placental lactogen (hormone)
HPLC : high-pressure (or high-performance) liquid chromatography
HPLC-EC : HPLC with electrochemical detection
HPLC-UV : HPLC with UV detection
HPMA : N-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylamide
HPMPC : S-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)citosine
HPPD : hallucinogen persisting perception disorder
HPRT : hypoxanthine (-guanine) phosphoribosyl transferase
HPS : human placental supernatant
HPTP : high cell density-enhanced PTP
HPV : human papillomavirus
HR : 1) homologous recombination ; 2) hypersensitive response ; 3) Holmes ribgrass (TMV strain) ; 4) hour (hr) ; 5) heart rate ; 6) homology region
HRDC : helicase and RNAse D C-terminal (domain)
HRE : 1) hypoxia responsive element ; 2) hormone RE
HrK : harakiri
HRI : hemin-regulated inhibitor
HRIG : human rabies Ig
HRMS : high resolution microwave search
HRP : horseradish peroxidase
HRPO : horseradish peroxidase
HRR : haplotype relative risk
HRS : Hodgkin's lymphoma Reed-Sternberg cell
HRT : hormone replacement therapy
HRV : human rhinovirus
HS : 1) hora somni (i.e. : hour of sleep) (h.s.) ; 2) heparan sulphate ; 3) (DNase I) hypersensitive (site) ; 4) human serum
HSA : 1) heat-stable Ag ; 2) human serum albumin
HSC : haematopoietic stem cell
HSCR : Hirschprung (disease)
HSCT : HSC transplantation
HSD : hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
HSE : 1) heat-shock consensus element ; 2) homoserine (Hse)
HSEC : hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cell
HSF : heat shock factor
HOT : hydroxylamine and Os tetroxide
HSK : herpetic stromal keratitis
HSL : 1) hormone-sensitive lipase ; 2) Hse lactone (Hsl)
HSOC : half saturating outside concentration
HSP : heat shock protein
HSPG : heparan sulphate proteoglycan
HSR . homogeneously stained regions
HSRV : human spumavirus
HSS : Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome
HSV : herpes simplex virus
HT : height (ht)
HTB : 2-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid
HTF : HpaII tiny fragment
HTH : helix-turn-helix (motif)
HTL : helper T lymphocyte
HTLV : human T(-cel)l lymphotrophic virus
HTML : hypertext markup language
HTMT : 6-[2-(4-imidazolyl)ethylamino]-N-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)hepatanecarboxamide
HTP : high throughput
HTS : HTP screening
HTTP : hypertext transmission protocol (http)
HU : hydroxyurea
HUGO : human genome organization
HUPO : human proteome organization
HUS : hemolytic uremic syndrome
HUTEC : human tonsil high endothelial cell
HUVEC : human umbilical vein endothelial cells
HVA : 1) high-voltage activated ; 2) homovanillic acid
HVD : hypertensive vascular disease
HVEM : Herpesvirus entry mediator
HVR : hypervariable region
HVS : herpesvirus saimiri
HWE : Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
HX : 1) hypoxanthine ; 2) history (Hx) ; 3) hemopexin-like (repeats)
HYAL : hyaluronidase (Hyal)
Hyl : 5-hydroxylysine
Hyp : hydroxyproline
HZFeSV : Hardy-Zuckerman feline sarcoma virus
I : 1) inducible (i) ; 2) inhibitor (I, i) ; 3) inorganic (i) ; 4) Ile ; 5) current (I) ; 6) isotropic ; 7) inactive (i) ; 8) inosine (I/i)
i6a : N6-isopentenyladenosine
IA : 1) incurred accidentally ; 2) islet Ag
IAA : 1) indole-3-acetic acid ; 2) inhibitory amino acid
IAB : intact active bone
IAC : independent adjudication committee
IAD : 1) IRF association domain ; 2) IER association domain
IAEDANS : 5-((((2-iodoacetyl)amino)ethyl)amino)naphtalene-1-sulfonic acid
IAH : institute of animal health
IAP : 1) inhibitor of apoptosis protein ; 2) integrin associated protein ; 3) intracisternal A-particle
IAPP : islet amyloid polypeptide
IAT : indirect antiglobulin test
IB : 1) immunoblot test ; 2) IGF BP homologues
IBC : institutional biosafety committee
IBD : 1) inflammatory bowel disease ; 2) identity because descendant
ibid. : ibidem (i.e. : in the same place)
IBM : inclusion body myopathy (or myositis)
IBMX : 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine
IBR : in-between RING (region)
IBS : 1) irritable bowel syndrome ; 2) identity because same
IC : 1) intermediate compartment ; 2) immune complex ; 3) intracerebral(ly) (i.c.) ; 4) interstitial cystitis ; 5) intracytoplasmic ; 6) intracranial (i.c.)
IC50 : inhibitory concentration 50%
ICAD : inhibitor of CAD
ICAM : interCAM
ICAT : isotope-coded affinity tag
ICBG : international cooperative biodiversity groups
ICC : 1) intracellular cytokine ; 2) immunocytochemistry
ICD : implanted cardiac defibrillator
ICDH : isocitrate dehydrogenase
ICE : 1) IL-1b converting enzyme ; 2) internal combustion engine
ICE-LAP : ICE-like apoptotic protease
ICER : 1) incremental cost-effectiveness ratio ; 2) inducible cAMP early repressor
ICErel. : ICE/CED-3 related protease
ICF : immunodeficiency, centromere instability and facial abnormalities (syndrome)
ICFTU : international complement fixation test unit
ICGEB : International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
Ich : ICE and ced-3 homologue
ICM : inner cell mass (cell)
ICNV : international committee on nomenclature of viruses
ICOS : inducible co-stimulator
ICPI : intracerebral pathogenicity index
ICR : internal control of expression
ICS : 1) intracytoplasmic cell staining ; 2) intracellular cytokine staining
ICSBP : IFN consensus sequence binding protein
ICSH : interstitial cell-stimulating hormone
ICSI : intracytoplasmic sperm injection
ICT : inflammation of connective tissue
ICTV : international committee on taxonomy of viruses
ICU : intensive care unit
ICV : intracerebroventricular
ID : 1) immunobiological distance ; 2) inside diameter (i.d.) ; 3) idiotype or idiotypic determinant (Id) ; 4) idem (i.e. : the same) (id) ; 5) immune-reactive domain ; 6) immunodominance ; 7) intradermal (i.d.)
ID50 : infective dose median
IDC : 1) indwelling catheter ; 2) infiltrating ductal carcinoma
IDCM : idiopathic DCM
IDDM : insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
IDDS : implantable drug delivery system
IDL : 1) intermediate-density lipoprotein ; 2) interactive data language
IDMT : isoflavone (or isoflavanone) dimethylallyl transferase
IDO : indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
IUDOX : iododoxorubicin
IDW : initial deflection width
IE : 1) immediate-early ; 2) immunoelectrophoresis ; 3) id est (i.e. : the same) (i.e.) ; 4) infective endocarditis
IEC : 1) intestinal epithelial cell ; 2) ion-exchange chromatography
IEE : idiopathic eosinophilic syndrome
IEF : isoelectric focusing
IEL : intraepithelial lymphocyte
IETD : Ile-Glu-Thr-Asp
IF : 1) inititiation factor ; 2) intermediate filament ; 3) intra footpad (i.f.) ; 4) immunofluorescence
IFA : 1) indirect fluorescent Ab (test) ; 2) incomplete Freund's adjuvant
IFC : international fuel cell
IFG : impaired fasting glucose
I-FLICE : inhibitor of FLICE
IFN : interferon
IFP : interstitial fluid pressure
IFR : isoflavone reductase
IFU : inclusion-forming unit
Ig : immunoglobulin
IGCL : internal granular cell layer
IgD : Ig-like domain
IGF : insulin-like growth factor
IGFBP : IGF binding protein
IGIF : IFNg-inducing factor
IGL : internal granular layer
IGM : inheritable genetic modification
IGS : intergenic spacer
IGT : impaired glucose tolerance
IH : infectious hepatitis
IHA : indirect haemagglutination
IHC : 1) inner hairy cell ; 2) immunohistochemistry
IHF : intergration host factor
Ihh : Indian hedgehog
IHP : inositol hexaphosphate
IIC : islet-infiltrating cvell
IkB : inhibitor of NF-kB
IKK : IkB kinase
IL : interleukin
IL-1RA : IL-1 receptor antagonist
ILA : induced by lymphocyte activation
ILC : IL-11Ra-locus chemokine
ILD : interstitial lung disease
Ile : isoleucin
ILF : isolated lymphoid follicle
ILK : integrin-linked kinase
ILT : Ig-like transcript
IM : 1) intra-muscular(ly) (i.m.) 2) informative meioses ; 3) infectious mononucleosis
IMAC : immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography
IMCD : inner medullary collecting duct
IMCI : integrated management of childhood illness
IMCT : inner medullary collecting tubule
IMD : integrin-mediated death
IMDM : Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium
IMEM : Iscove's minimal essential medium
IMIG : i.m. Ig
IML : intermediolateral (cell column)
IMM : inner mitochondrial membrane
IMP : inosine monophosphate
IMTP : immune thrombocytopenic purpura
IMV : 1) invasive mechanical ventilation ; 2) intracellular mature virion
IN : 1) inch (unit) (in/in.) ; 2) integrase ; 3) intranasal(ly) (i.n.)
INAA : instrumental neutron activation analysis
INCENP : inner centromere protein
IND : investigational new drug
in d. : in dies (i.e. : daily)
INH : 1) isoniazid ; 2) inhibitor
inj : injection, injury
INK4 : inhibitor of CDK4
Ino : inosine
inoc : inoculate
inop : inoperable, inoperative
INR : international normalized ratio
Ins : inositol
Insc : Inscuteable
InsP3 : inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
INS : insulin
INSCOM : intelligence and security command
int : 1) internal ; 2) (site of) int(egration)
intein : int(ron-containing prot)ein
IOM : institute of medicine
IOMT : isoflavone 4'-O-methyltransferase
IONO : ionomycin (iono)
IOP : intraocular pressure
IP : 1) immunoprecipitation / immunoprecipitate ; 2) intraperitoneal(ly) (i.p.) ; 3) Internet protocol (address) ; 4) I2 prostaglandin (receptor) ; 5) interaction pair
IP1 : inositol-1-phosphate
IP3 : inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
IP4 : inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate
IPA : immobilized protein A
IPCC : intergovernmental panel on climate change
IPCR : inverse PCR
IPD : 1) immediate pigment darkening ; 2) iris pigment dispersion
IPF : 1) idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ; 2) insulin promoter factor
IPG : immobilized pH gradient
IPMA : immunoperoxidase monolayer assay
IPP : isopentenyl pyrophosphate
IPPc : inositol polyphosphate phosphatase, catalytic (domain)
IPPV : intermittent positive pressure ventilation
IPSP : inhibitory post-synaptic potential
IPTG : isopropylthio-b-D-galactoside
IPV : inactivated polio vaccine
IQ : 1) Ile-Gln (CaM binding domain) ; 2) intelligence quotient ; 3) idem quod (i.e. : the same as) (i.q.)
IQR : interquartile range
IR : 1) ionizing radiation ; 2) infrared ; 3) immune response (Ir) ; 4) immunoreactive (ir) ; 5) ischemia-reperfusion (injury) ; 6) inhibitory receptor
IRAK : IL-1R-associated kinase
IRB : institutional review board
IRBC :infected RBC (iRBC)
IRBP : interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein
IRD : inter-resource duplex
IRE : 1) iron RE ; 2) interspersed RE
IRES : internal ribosome entry site
IRF : IFN regulatory factor (domain)
IRI : 1) ischemia reperfusion injury ; 2) intermated recombinant inbreds
IRIS : international randomized study of interferon versus STI571
IRL : internal repeat long
IRM : interference reflectance microscopy
IRMA : immunoradiometric assay
IRP : island recovery PCR
IRR : insulin receptor-related receptor
IRS : 1) insulin receptor substrate ; 2) internal repeat short
IRS-PCR : interspersed repetitive sequence PCR
IRV : inspiratory reserve volume
IS : 1) insertion sequence ; 2) inner segment ; 3) immunological synapse ; 4) intrastriatal
ISA : 1) intrinsic sympathomimetic activity ; 2) iris stromal atrophy
ISCOM : immune-stimulating complex
ISG : IFN-stimulated gene
ISH : in situ hybridization
ISI : 1) international sensitivity index ; 2) institute for scientific information
ISID : international society for infectious diseases
ISO : international organization for standardization
ISP : 1) internet service provider ; 2) intermediate (or immature) single-positive
ISR : in-stent restenosis
ISRCTN : international standard randomised controlled trial number
ISS : immunostimulatory sequence
ISSN : issue number
ISSR : inter-simple sequence repeat (amplification)
ISRE : (type I) IFNs-stimulated RE
ISTR : inverse sequence-tagged repeat
IT : 1) ion trap ; 2) intermediate temperature ; 3) intratracheal(ly) (administration) (i.t.) ; 4) immunotoxin
ITA : inhibitor of T-cell apoptosis
ITAC : interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant
ITAM : immunoreceptor Tyr-based activating motif
ITGV : intrathoracic gas volume
ITIM : immunoreceptor Tyr-based inhibitory motif
ITN : insecticide-treated bednet
ITP : 1) inosine triphosphate ; 2) isotachophoresis ; 3) idiopathic (or immunologic) thrombocytopenic purpura
ITR : inverted terminal repeat
I-TRAF : TRAF-interacting protein
ITSM : immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motif
ITT : intention to treat
IU : international unit
IUD : 1) intrauterine device ; 2) ioddeoxyuridine
IUGR : intrauterine growth retardation
IUPAC : international union of pure and applied chemistry
IUT : in utero transplant
IV : intra-venous(ly) (i.v.)
IVA : isovanillic acid
IVA-CH3-TFA : isovanillic acid methyl ester trifluoroacetate
IVAlc-TFA : isovanillylalcohol trifluoroacetate
Ivan-TFA : isovanillin trifluoroacetate
IVC : inspiratory vital capacity
IVF : in vitro fertilization
IVPI : intravenous pathogenicity index
IVS : 1) intervening sequence ; 2) interventricular septum ; 3) in vitro stimulatiomn
IVT : in vitro transcription
J : joule (unit)
JAB : Jun-activation domain-binding
Jak : Ja(nus-family tyrosine) k(inase) or Just another kinase
JCA : juvenile chronic arthritis
JCR : journal citation reports
JDM : juvenile dermatomyositis
JE : Japanese encephalitis
JEV : Japanese encephalitis virus
JH : Jak homology (domain)
JK : Jurkat (cell line)
JM : juxtamembrane (amino acids)
JME : juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
JMH : John-Milton-Hagen (human blood group)
JMT : jasmonic acid carboxyl methyltransferase
JNK : c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase
JRA : juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
JVP : jugular venous pressure
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