TG: material (cilindro sonoro)(por)
UP (é traduzido por): Amberol wax cylinder(eng)
UP (variação de): Edison Amberol wax(eng)
UP (variação de): Edison Amberol wax cylinder(eng)
TR (características do produto): cilindro sonoro(por)
UP (é traduzido por): Amberol wax cylinder(eng)
UP (variação de): Edison Amberol wax(eng)
UP (variação de): Edison Amberol wax cylinder(eng)
TR (características do produto): cilindro sonoro(por)
Definição do conceito
[POR] cilindro de cera (Amberol): Produzido pela Edison Amberol Record de 1908 a 1912 - dur. 4 min (TRIANTAFYLLOU, Andreas).
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[ENG] Amberol wax cylinder; Edison wax Amberols: The four-minute Amberol cylinder made its debut in 1908. Amberols were made of a fragile, black, wax-like compound which was harder than the original 1902 black wax. This Amberol wax was also used for 2-minute standard records from 1908 until the Blue Amberol appeared in 1912. The introduction of the Amberol started a resurgence of interest in cylinder records, but problems soon became apparent. Amberols crack rather easily and could break during playback. Amberols often shattered when they broke, unlike some kinds of 2-minute wax cylinders that would simply crack into a few pieces. Another problem was that wax Amberols wore out too quickly. Some Amberols mistracked or played with a wavering pitch due to uneven shrinkage during the manufacturing process | SOURCE: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Amberol_Records
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[ENG] Edison Amberol [Wax] Cylinders (1908–1912): In 1908, Edison introduced the wax Amberol cylinder, boasting double the number of grooves on an equivalently sized wax cylinder and hence a playing time twice as long as that of the Gold-Moulded cylinder. In the coming decade, the four-minute, 200 TPI (threads-per-inch) cylinder would replace the previous industry standard of two-minute, 100 TPI cylinders. (For identification purposes, Edison Amberols, as opposed to Edison Gold-Moulded cylinders, are marked with the "4M" designation, followed by the recording number.) Although this new groove pitch allowed for a wider range of musical and expressive potential, it seems that many of the songs, marches, and vaudeville skits of the earlier cylinder era were simply given a facelift—a new verse here, a verbal or non-musical interlude there—in order to meet the longer time requirements of the new cylinder medium. | The machines that had originally been designed to play two-minute cylinders also had to be refitted to accommodate the new groove pitch. The feed screw mechanism found in all acoustic machines of the time allowed the reproducing (playback) stylus to be brought into direct alignment with the cylinder grooves via a fixed feed screw undergirding it. Consequently, these new "4-minute" cylinders would not play back correctly on phonographs designed for "2-minute" cylinders. Edison subsequently manufactured a machine that enabled one to play cylinders of either groove pitch by simply toggling a switch that engaged a stylus designed for 100 or 200 TPI grooves—the Amberola 1A, introduced in 1909. In 1912, though, both the two-minute Gold-Moulded and four-minute Amberol recordings were retired, making way for the final significant recording medium of the cylinder era. | SOURCE: https://cylinders.library.ucsb.edu/history-amberol.php
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