Astyanax bifasciatus Garavelo & Sampaio, 2010 was originally described as endemic to the Iguaçu river basin. Between March 2017 and January 2018, specimens of A. bifasciatus were sampled during expeditions to headwater streams of the Piquiri river basin, upper Paraná river basin. The identification was confirmed both by morphological and molecular analyses, representing, therefore, the first record of the species outside of the basin of the Iguaçu River. In addition, the lack of structuring in the haplotype network confirms that the representatives of A. bifasciatus from both basins appear to comprise a single population.

Keywords: Distribution range, DNA barcode, endemicity, headwater streams, species identification

https://checklist.pensoft.net/article/47628/

Figure 2. Astyanax bifasciatus. A. UFRGS 26235, 85.0 mm SL, Arquimedes stream, lower Iguaçu river basin, Paraná, Brazil. B. UFRGS 26231, 91.3 mm SL, Carreira stream, Piquiri river basin, upper Paraná river basin, Paraná, Brazil.