Karina Keyla Tondato, Yzel Rondon Súarez, Lúcia Aparecida de Fátima Mateus, Wagner Vicentin, and Clarice Bernhardt Fialho

Abstract

With the aim to analyze intra- and interspecific variation in the life history characteristics and recruitment pattern of six fish species, samples were conducted in two different hydrological regime areas of Pantanal (synchronous/Norther and asynchronous/Southern regions – high temperatures and rainfalls are and are not coincident with the flooding period, respectively). In both regions, fish were sampled using sieve net and dragnet along the river and marginal lakes. In the synchronous regime (Cuiabá River), the combined data collected between the years 2005 and 2010 were utilized. In the asynchronous regime (Paraguay River), the collections were made between 2009 and 2011. Length frequency data were used in the FISAT program to estimate the parameters. Four species, in the synchronous regime, reached trend to longer values for the asymptotic length values (L∞) and trend to lower values in growth taxa (k) and mortality (Z), but the outcomes did not demonstrate significant intraspecific variation for L∞and Z by length classes between the hydrologic regimes (except for Moenkhausia dichroura). The recruitment pattern did not show intra- and interspecific variation between the hydrological regimes, with long period of recruitment and greater pulse for all species between June and August. Thus, the correlation of species recruitment with river level in the asynchronous regime follows the flood pulse concept, where the flooding pulse is the main driving force for production of animal and plant biomass. In contrast, the pattern of recruitment in the synchronous regime follows the hypothesis of the low flow recruitment, where the recruitment is not influenced by flooding, despite the period of high temperature and rainfall being coincident with the period of flooding.

Link: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10641-018-0784-5

Fig. 3 Temporal variation of recruitment (%) of six species of small fish and the historical level of the Cuiabá Rivers (Synchronous regime) and Paraguay (Asynchronous regime) in the Pantanal, Brazil

Rosilene Luciana Delariva, Mayara Pereira Neves, Crislei Larentis, Bruna Caroline Kotz Kliemann, Mara Cristina Baldasso, and Luciano Lazzarini Wolff

RESUMO

A fauna de peixes foi inventariada em oito riachos com diferentes usos do entorno (áreas florestadas e rurais) na porção do baixo rio Iguaçu, em ordem para avaliar possíveis diferenças na composição e riqueza de espécies. Os peixes foram amostrados trimestralmente entre maio de 2015 e fevereiro de 2016, por meio da técnica de pesca elétrica. No total foram capturados 4239 indivíduos, pertencentes a seis ordens, 11 famílias e 26 espécies. As ordens Siluriformes e Characiformes foram as mais especiosas, assim como as famílias Characidae e Trichomycteridae. Do total de espécies amostradas, 65% foram endêmicas da bacia do rio Iguaçu, quatro foram não descritas e outras quatro foram não-nativas. Como esperado para a bacia do rio Iguaçu, a fauna inventariada revelou baixa riqueza e elevado endemismo, contudo, foi altamente aninhada dentro da composição de espécies relatada para o canal principal do rio Iguaçu e seus grandes tributários. As espécies aqui registradas corresponderam a um subconjunto de espécies de 24,5% das 106 documentadas para a bacia. Os riachos apresentaram faunas distintas, sendo que apenas duas espécies (Astyanax bifasciatus e Trichomycterus stawiarski) foram comuns a ambos os grupos de riachos florestados e rurais. Além disso, houve maior riqueza de espécies em riachos florestados. A presença de espécies não nativas foi maior em riachos rurais. Esses resultados ressaltam a importância da preservação de áreas florestadas nas bacias do baixo rio Iguaçu, as quais apresentam uma fauna de peixes peculiar, com várias ameaças para a biodiversidade tais como a perda de habitat por intensivo uso do solo pela agricultura.

link: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032018000300304

Figure 3 Representative specimens of fish species of the streams of the lower Iguaçu River basin. The standard length (SL-mm) of the exemplar pictured is presented after the name of species. A) Characidium travassosi, 47.0 mm; B) Astyanax lacustris, 76.1 mm; C) Astyanax bifasciatus, 72.0 mm; D) Astyanax dissimilis, 98.0 mm; E) Astyanax gymnodontus, 81.1 mm; F) Astyanax minor, 69.0 mm; G) Bryconamericus ikaa, 42.0 mm; H) Bryconamericus pyahu, 32.0 mm; I) Hoplias sp. 1, 201.0 mm; J) Trichomycterus davisi, 48.0 mm; K) Trichomycterus mboycy, 45.0 mm; L) Trichomycterus stawiarski, 59.0 mm; M) Trichomycterus sp. 1, 44.1 mm; N) Trichomycterus sp. 2, 36.0 mm.

Mayara P. Neves ^, Dirceu Baumgartner ^, Gilmar Baumgartner, and Rosilene L. Delariva 

Abstract

Miguel Ángel Soto, Jonathan Pena Castro, Laura Ines Walker, Luiz Roberto Malabarba, Mateus Henrique Santos, Mara Cristina de Almeida, Orlando Moreira-Filho, and Roberto Ferreira Artoni

Abstract

Link: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40693-018-0078-5

Fig. 4 Geographic regions of Chile (left), ideograms (middle) and photographs of teeth and caudal peduncle region (right) of Cheirodon species occurring in Chile. (a) Ch. interruptus from Estero Marga-Marga; V region, (b) Ch. pisciculus from Angostura River; Metropolitan region, (c) Ch. galusdae from Andalién River; VIII region, (d) Ch. kiliani from Calle-Calle River; XIV region and (e) Ch. australe from La Poza Lake; X region, base level Llanquihue Lake. Ideograms show 18S and 5S rDNA gene location. Mid-marks represent rDNA sites that may be present or absent, in the same individual (heteromorphism) or in different individuals (polymorphism). In the photographs of teeth bar: 500 μm, and in those of peduncle region bar: 2 mm

Fig. 5
Chromosomal phylogenetic hypothesis for five species of Cheirodon in Chile, with two species of genera Odontostilbe and Serrapinus serving as outgroups. The number of pericentric inversions (i) and Robertsonian fusions (f) implied in the clade divergence are included in the nodes

Junior Chuctaya, Juliano Ferrer, Augusto Ferrari, Rogério T. Vianna and Luiz R. Malabarba

Summary

Acipenser gueldenstaedtii is a species of sturgeon described from Caspian Sea and Black Sea and their tributaries, occurring in the Eastern Atlantic, Europe and Middle East. This and other two sturgeon species have been accidentally introduced in the Rio Negro, Uruguay, a tributary of the Rio de La Plata. Recently, it has been demonstrated the presence and establishment of A. gueldenstaedtii widespread in the Rio Paraná basin, the largest tributary of the Rio de La Plata, corresponding to the second largest river drainage in the Neotropics. We herein register the presence of the species in the next northern freshwater drainage in South America, representing the first record for Brazil. We further discuss the possibility of dispersal through marine environments to other freshwater drainages in South America through the analysis of its documented occurrence and marine ecoregions in southwestern Atlantic.

Link: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jai.13826?af=R

FIGURE 2 Acipenser gueldenstaedtii collected in Barra de São José do Norte, Patos Lagoon, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil (UFRGS 23493, 59 cm total length)

William E. Magnusson, Carlos E. V. Grelle, Márcia C. M. Marques, Carlos F. D. Rocha, Braulio Dias, Carla S. Fontana, Helena Bergallo, Gerhard E. Overbeck, Mariana M. Vale, Walfrido M. Tomas, Rui Cerqueira, Rosane Collevatti, Valério D. Pillar, Luiz R. Malabarba, Ana Carolina Lins-e-Silva, Selvino Neckel-Oliveira, Bruno Martinelli, Alberto Akama, Domingos Rodrigues, Luis F. Silveira, Aldicir Scariot and Geraldo W. Fernandes.

The effects of Brazil’s political crisis on science funding necessary for biodiversity conservation are likely to be global. Brazil is not only the world’s most biodiverse nation, it is responsible for the greater part of the Amazon forest, which regulates the climate and provides rain to much of southern South America. Brazil was a world leader in satellite monitoring of land-use change, in-situ biodiversity monitoring, reduction in tropical-forest deforestation, protection of indigenous lands, and a model for other developing nations. Coordinated public responses will be necessary to prevent special-interest groups from using the political crisis to weaken science funding, environmental legislation and law enforcement.

Link complet: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2018.00163/full

Luiz R. Malabarba

No domingo, dia 2 de setembro de 2018, ficamos todos chocados com as cenas transmitidas ao vivo da incineração do Museu Nacional e de seu acervo. Este choque passou a ter maior relevância no meio jornalístico e para a população em geral quando passaram a ser divulgadas informações acerca da possível perda de mais de 20 milhões de peças em seus acervos. Uma das perguntas mais ouvidas na cobertura da tragédia foi “o que de importante que foi perdido?”, escolhendo-se um ou listando alguns itens como resposta. A maior perda no incêndio, no entanto, foi a perda do conhecimento que ainda não havia sido descoberto! Museus são bibliotecas de livros e artigos que ainda não foram escritos. Não são depósitos de coisas antigas e sem serventia, mas sim fontes permanentes de informações que precisam ser descobertas ou reinterpretadas à luz de novos paradigmas ou novas tecnologias. Museus possuem os mais diversos acervos, colhidos ao longo de décadas ou séculos e que são insubstituíveis, e que nos permitem contar a história da Terra, dos seres vivos, da nossa própria espécie, da evolução da nossa cultura e as vezes de nosso próprio declínio.

Artigo completo:

Link: http://www.sbi.bio.br/images/sbi/boletim-docs/2018/setembro_127_v2.pdf

Foto: http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/videos/telediario/la1-incendio-museo-rio/4721118/

Lenice Souza-Shibatta, João F. R. Tonini, Vitor P. Abrahão, Lucas R. Jarduli, Claudio Oliveira, Luiz R. Malabarba, Silvia H. Sofia, Oscar A. Shibatta

Abstract

The southern region of Brazil is characterized by high species diversity and endemism of freshwater fishes distributed across geographically isolated river basins. Microglanis cottoideshas a widespread range across these river basins and occurs in sympatry with other endemic species of the genus (e.g. M. cibelae, M. eurystoma, and M. malabarbai). Herein we tested the monophyly of M. cottoides and presented for the first time information about the molecular phylogeny of species in the genus. The results suggest that M. cottoides currently forms a non-monophyletic group which includes populations endemic to the Uruguay River basin that are more closely related to M. malabarbai, and excludes M. cibelae, found to be nested within M. cottoides. Based on an integrative approach using morphological and molecular data, we propose M. cibelae as a junior synonym of M. cottoides, and the populations of the Uruguay River basin previously assigned to M. cottoides in fact belong to M. malabarbai. Our molecular phylogeny shows that M. cottoides is sister to M. parahybae, which is also a coastal species, and M. malabarbai is sister of M. garavelloi, both endemic to inland river basins. The time-calibrated phylogeny indicates that the separation between inland and the coastal clades occurred in the Tertiary period, and that the species within the coastal basins diverged in the Pliocene, which overlaps with the diversification times estimated for the two inland species as well. This pattern of diversification corroborates some previous studies with other fishes from the same region.

Fig 1. Microglanis cottoides, MZUEL 7453, 54.6 mm SL. Specimen collected in the Arroio Divisa, Camaquã River basin, Cristal, RS, 30o54’5.6″S 52o05’18.9″W (Photo by O.A. Shibatta).

Fig 3. Median-joining networks and Bayesian phylogenetic tree of Micriglanis obtained with COI data. (A) Median-Joining networks among haplotypes. Each circle represents a unique haplotype with circle sizes being proportional to their frequencies. Each color represents a species. The numbers between haplotypes correspond to mutational steps. Haplotypes: H1 = Ribeira; H2 = Guaratuba + Paranaguá + Itapocu; H3 = Paranaguá; H4 = Paranaguá; H5 = Madre; H6 = Araranguá; H7 = Araranguá; H8 = M. cibelae (Mampituba); H9 = M. cibelae (Tramandaí); H10 = Patos (Camaquã); H11 = Negro + Uruguay; H12 = Uruguay; H13 = Uruguay; H14 = Microglanis sp. Uruguay; H15 = M. parahybae: H16 = M. malabarbai; H17 = M. malabarbai; H18 = M. garavelloi. (B) Bayesian tree. Node bars represent the threshold time for each cladogenetic event. The values above the branches indicate the posterior probability (pp). * Individuals collected in their respective type locality.