and diseases
of lymph vessels)
elsewhere in the body.
A number of morphological features favor RFH :
staining within the mantle zone,
but cytologically the follicles contain both macrophages and lymphoblasts.
: malignant bubo)
: bullet or syphilitic bubo))
: chancroidal or virulent bubo)
: climatic or tropical bubo))
(lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS) : a condition seen in male homosexuals
in the 1980s, characterized by the presence of unexplained lymphadenopathy
for > 3 months involving extrainguinal sites, which on biopsy reveal nonspecific
lymphoid hyperplasia; considered by some authorities to be a prodrome of
AIDS)
secreted by even remote activated
mast cells
(age 1-5, painless, tense-elastic, 3 cm, skin is initially normal, erythematous
but not warm => pergamenaceous => suppuration => fistula for months),
acute
oropharyngitis,
acute
tonsillitis,
cutaneous) : often accompanied by fever,
exanthema, leukocytosis,
high ESR,
multiple, hard, may suppurate, lasting a few weeks,
acute
oropharyngitis,
acute
tonsillitis,
cutaneous) : often accompanied by fever,
exanthema, leukocytosis,
high ESR,
multiple, hard, may suppurate, lasting a few weeks,
acute
oropharyngitis,
acute
tonsillitis,
cutaneous) : often accompanied by fever,
exanthema, leukocytosis,
high ESR,
multiple, hard, may suppurate, lasting a few weeks
: multiple, hard, mildly painful
: multiple, hard, painless
: multiple, bilateral, often occipital, hard, painful
(Winterbottom sign)
(tuberculous cervical adenitis or lymphadenitis / scrofula);
it may occur as a primary infection
or be caused by lymphatic or hematogenous spread from a primary focus of
infection elsewhere in the body
: multiple, hard-elastic, mobile, painless, often in lower half of neck
: single, or rapidly multiple, hard, painless, tending to fixate, more
often unilateral,
HHV-6,
B19
virus,
Toxoplasma
gondii).
One theory proposes that KFD may be a self-limiting form of systemic
lupus erythematosus (SLE).
This theory is strongly supported by the fact that microscopic features
of KFD can be very similar to those found in lupus lymphadenitis
,
histiocytic necrotizing cervical (submandibular, retroauricular, and sub-clavicular)
lymphadenopathy (from 1.5 to 5 cm), lymphopenia, splenomegaly,
and
hepatomegaly
with abnormal liver function tests, arthralgia, weight loss, and sometimes
brainstem encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, or arthritis. The disease has
the tendency of spontaneous remission, with mean duration of 3 months.
Single recurrent episodes of KFD have been reported with many years' pauses
between the episodes. Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease may reflect systemic
lupus erythematosus (SLE)
(rarely chronic discoid lupus), Hashimoto thyroiditis, subacute lymphocytic
thyroiditis, and self-limited SLE-like conditions.
ref
in immunocompromised patientsrefrefrefref1,
ref2ref1,
ref2,
ref3
(medial)ref1,
ref2
(either in the parasternal region or between the midclavicular and posterior
axillary linesref1,
ref2,
ref3).
(mediastinic tuberculous lymphadenitis or lymphadenopathy);
it may occur as a primary infection or be caused by lymphatic or hematogenous
spread from a primary focus of infection elsewhere in the bodyrefrefrefref
from right mediastinic lymphadenitis
,
in which there is inflammation of the mesenteric lymph nodes receiving
lymph from the intestine.
: climatic or tropical bubo)
ref1,
ref2,
ref3
(associated with multiple myelomaref
and lymphoblastic lymphomaref)-associated
drug eruption (HADE)) to toxic epidermal necrolysis. Internal organ
involvement usually involves the liver, although other organs such as the
kidney, CNS or lungs may be involved. Hypothyroidism may be a complication
in these patients approximately 2 months after occurrence of symptoms.
,
Streptococcus
pyogenes,
Streptococcus
pneumoniae,
Francisella
tularensis,
Corynebacterium
diphteriae,
Bordetella
pertussis,
Adenoviridae,
HHV-1
/ HSV-1,
HHV-2
/ HSV-2,
HHV-4
/ EBV,
HHV-5
/ CMV,
HHV-6B,
mumps
virus,
Aspergillus
spp.,
tuberculosis,
cat-scratch
disease (Bartonella henselae)
(painless, without alterations of covering skin, massive limb lymphedema;
antibiotic therapy, drainage with needle-cannula; lasting for months),
Brucella
spp.,
actinomycosis, nocardiosis, Treponema
pallidum subsp. pallidum,
characterized by fever,
night sweats, weight loss, generalized lymphadenopathy with a pleomorphic
cellular infiltrate of lymphocytes, immunoblasts, and plasma cells that
alters or effaces the nodal architecture, hepatosplenomegaly,
maculopapular rash, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, and Coombs-positive
hemolytic anemia. It is considered to be a nonmalignant hyperimmune reaction
to chronic antigenic stimulation; there is proliferation of B cells accompanied
by profound deficiency of T cells. The disease follows a progressive but
extremely variable course; some patients have long survival without chemotherapy,
whereas others have a rapid course with death due to overwhelming infections
and various diseases in which erythroderma
is chronically present, e.g., exfoliative dermatitis and generalized neurodermatitis.
TNF-a,
as a prototype proinflammatory factor, and a variety of inflammatory stimuli
and bacterial products induce migration of intraepithelial immature
Langerhans' cells (LC)
(CD1a+68+83-86-207
/ langerin+208-CCR7-Birbeck granules+)
to the draining lymph nodes, suggesting that DC exposed to inflammatory
stimuli characteristic of this disease have acquired the capability to
migrate to lymph nodes without undergoing phenotypic maturationref.
with atypical hobnail cells. Some cystically dilated glands that contained
abundant mucin are lined by flat epithelial cells. Because of gland rupture,
mucin extravasates into the stroma but did not elicit a desmoplastic response
: mediastinal enlargement
and CT-assisted histological FNAB
for liver and spleen involvement
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