Table of contents :
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urine
density![]() |
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urine
osmolality![]() |
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natriuria![]() |
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BUN/creatininemia![]() |
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creatininuria![]() ![]() |
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Na+
excretion
fraction![]() |
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sediment |
hyalinous cylinders |
tubular cells |
Grading |
![]() |
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mild CRF |
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intermediate CRF |
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severe CRF |
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end-stage renal diseases (ESRD) |
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grades | 1 | 1 | low grade | low grade | PNLMP |
2a | 2a | high grade | high grade | LGPUC | |
2b | 2b | HGPUC | |||
3 | 3 | ||||
4 | |||||
grading criteria | |||||
cellular atypia | + | + | + | + | + |
cellular polarity | + | + | + | + | + |
mitoses | + | + | |||
epithelial thickness | + | + | + | + |
pathologic stage | 5-yr OS | 10-yr OS |
T2, N0 | 89% | 87% |
T3a, N0 | 78% | 76% |
T3b, N0 | 62% | 61% |
T4, N0 | 50% | 45% |
any T, N1 | 35% | 34% |
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I | only cough and sneeze |
II | also change of posture, fast movements and/or stair lifting |
III | also with minimal efforts in orthostatism |
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cause of loss | laugh, sneeze, weight lifting, running | walking, stair lifting, during sexual intercourses |
frequency of loss | weekly | daily |
quantity of loss | < 1 pad/day | > 2 pad/day |
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for |
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